诸如“女人是弱者”的这种危害严重的性别刻板印象最早根深蒂固于只有10岁的女孩的观念之中 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：猫淘GO-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Sexual stereotypes such as women being the weaker sex are firmly rooted by the age of 14 whether you're from India or America researchers claim.

性别刻板印象，比如女性是弱者，在14岁时就已经根深蒂固了，不管你是来自印度还是美国,研究人员称。



Children in rich and poor countries enter their teenage years with damaging gender stereotypes firmly set a study found.

一项研究发现，富裕国家和贫穷国家的儿童在步入青少年时期的同时，随之到来的是具有破坏性的性别刻板印象。

And of the 15 countries surveyed the only one that said the girl should take the initiative in a relationship was Scotland.

在接受调查的15个国家中，唯一一个说女孩应该在一段关系中主动的是苏格兰。

Whether growing up in New York or New Delhi boys and girls are outfitted with 'gender straitjackets' at an early age it suggests.

无论是在纽约还是在新德里长大，男孩和女孩都在很小的时候就被“性别紧身衣”所装备。

Researchers say this can have lifelong negative consequences - especially for girls - including the risk of abuse and suicide.

研究人员说，这可能会产生终生的负面后果——尤其是对女孩——包括遭受虐待和自杀的风险。

Experts across the globe looked at how culturally enforced gender stereotypes become firmly rooted between ten and 14.

全球各地的专家们都在研究，从文化角度来看性别刻板印象是如何被牢固地扎根于10到14岁之间。

Robert Blum director of the Global Early Adolescent Study based at Johns Hopkins University said: 'We found children at a very early age - from the most conservative to the most liberal societies - quickly internalise this myth that girls are vulnerable and boys are strong and independent.

约翰霍普金斯大学(Johns Hopkins University)全球青少年早期研究的主任罗伯特·布卢姆(Robert Blum)说:“我们发现，从最保守到最自由的社会，孩子们很小的时候就主观形成了一种观念，女孩是脆弱的，男孩是强壮而独立的。”

-------------译者：猫淘GO-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

'And this message is being constantly reinforced at almost every turn by siblings classmates teachers parents guardians relatives clergy and coaches.'

这个讯息基本上在孩子每一次重要转折点的时候，都不断会被自己的兄弟姐妹、同班同学、老师、父母、监护人、亲戚、神职人员和教练在脑海中加深印象。

Interviews were carried out over the last four years with roughly 450 early adolescents matched with a parent or guardian - totalling nearly 900.

在过去的四年里，大约对450名早期青少年和其父母或监护人进行了面谈，共计将近900人。

The countries involved were Bolivia Belgium Burkina Faso China the Democratic Republic of Congo Ecuador Egypt India Kenya Malawi Nigeria Scotland South Africa the United States and Vietnam.

涉及的国家包括玻利维亚、比利时、布基纳法索、中国、刚果民主共和国、厄瓜多尔、印度、肯尼亚、马拉维、尼日利亚、苏格兰、南非、美国和越南。

Scientists said the work shows a need to rethink adolescent health interventions which usually focus on teens aged 15 and above so that they target a much younger age group.

科学家们说，这项研究表明需要重新考虑青少年的健康干预措施，因为这些干预通常集中在15岁及以上的青少年身上，这样他们就会把健康干预目标转向一个更年轻的年龄组。

Kristin Mmari associate professor and lead researcher for the qualitative research at the Global Early Adolescent Study said: 'Adolescent health risks are shaped by behaviours rooted in gender roles that can be well established in kids by the time they are ten or 11 years old.

Kristin Mmari副教授和全球早期青少年研究的定性研究的首席研究员说:“青少年的健康风险是由性别角色的行为塑造的，这些行为在他们10岁或11岁的时候就可以在孩子身上建立。”

'Yet we see billions of dollars around the world invested in adolescent health programs that don't kick in until they are 15 and by then it's probably too late to make a big difference.'

“然而，我们在世界各地看到数十亿美元的资金投入到青少年健康项目中，这些项目直到15岁才开始实施，到那时，可能已经来不及做出重大改变了。”

The study found that gender-based restrictions rationalised as 'protecting' girls actually made them more vulnerable by emphasising subservience.

研究发现，基于性别的限制被已被合理化为“保护”女孩，而这种谄媚的说辞事实上让女孩更加柔弱。

They also implicitly sanctioned even physical abuse as punishment for violating norms.

他们还含蓄地表示，即使遭到身体的虐待也会被说成是因为违反规定而受到的惩罚。

-------------译者：猫淘GO-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

In many parts of the world these stereotypes leave girls at greater risk of dropping out of school or suffering violence child marriage early pregnancy and health problems.

在世界上的许多地方，这些刻板印象使女孩们更有可能辍学或遭受暴力、童婚、早孕和健康问题。

Boys in New Delhi and Shanghai were encouraged to spend time outside of the home unsupervised whereas girls were advised to stay home and do chores.

在新德里和上海，男孩们被鼓励在无人看管的情况下去家外面玩耍，而女孩则被建议呆在家里做家务。

Shaming and beatings for those who sought to cross the divide was reported by girls and boys in both cities.

在这两个城市，都报道过那些试图跨越这一鸿沟的男孩和女孩被羞辱和毒打的事件。

In all but one city - Edinburgh Scotland - children said it was the boy who had to take the initiative in any relationship.

除了一个城市——爱丁堡苏格兰——孩子们说，在任何关系中，男孩都必须主动。

Across all settings young girls reported a constant emphasis on their physical appearance and their bodies as their key asset.

在所有的环境中，年轻女孩都被人强调她们的外表和她们的身体是她们的主要资产。

Prof Mmari said: 'In New Delhi the girls talked about their bodies as a big risk that needs to be covered up while in Baltimore girls told us their primary asset was their bodies and that they need to look appealing - but not too appealing.'

Mmari教授说:“在新德里，女孩们说她们的身体是一个巨大的风险，需要被遮掩住，而在巴尔的摩的女孩则告诉我们，她们的主要资产是她们的身体，她们需要看起来有吸引力——但又不能太吸引人。”

The researchers noted that their findings supported previous work that found 'during adolescence the world expands for boys and contracts for girls.'

研究人员指出，他们的发现支持了之前的研究，即“在青少年时期，世界为男孩扩展，却对女孩限制”。

But boys did not always emerge unscathed the researchers said.

但研究人员说，男孩并不总是毫发无损。

-------------译者：15751001581-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The stereotypes they learn - the emphasis on physical strength and independence - made them more likely to be the victims of violence and more prone to tobacco and other substance abuse as well as homicide.

他们所学习的刻板印象——强调身体力量和独立性——使他们更有可能成为暴力的受害者，更容易成为烟草和其他药物滥用的受害者，并且更容易（因药物需求而）过失杀人。

And in China India Belgium and the US they found a growing acceptance for girls pushing against certain gender boundaries but almost zero tolerance for boys who do.

在中国、印度、比利时和美国，他们发现人们越来越多支持女孩反对某些性别界限，但对男孩打破性别界限的容忍度几乎为零。

The consequences for boys who were perceived as adopting feminine behaviour like painting their nails ranged from being bullied to being assaulted they added.

他们补充道，那些被认为做了例如涂指甲油这类女性行为的男孩，他们遭到了从辱骂到殴打的一系列虐待。

Venkatraman Chandra Mouli co-director at the Adolescents and at-Risk Populations Team Reproductive Health and Research Department World Health Organization said: 'We know from research studies and programmatic experience that unequal gender norms can be changed but this takes carefully planned and implemented interventions that target both young people and the environment they are growing and developing in.'

Venkatraman Chandra Mouli 主任在青少年和高危人群的生殖健康和世界卫生组织研究部门会议上说:“我们从研究工作和总结经验中发现不平等的性别规范可以被改变但这需要精心策划和实施干预目标人群——包括年轻人和其成长和发展的环境。

The research was published by the Global Early Adolescent Study a collaboration between the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the World Health Organization (WHO) in the Journal of Adolescent Health. 

该研究由全球早期青少年研究公布，约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院与世界卫生组织（WHO）在“青少年健康杂志”合作参与了了本次研究。

原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：翻译加工厂 转载请注明出处

-------------译者：carpediemzss-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Swanna Hughes
well I know my husband is stronger than me so that is correct - we are weaker

我深知我的丈夫比我强壮，所以这点是正确的——我们女人是弱者。

Civil
This comes across as propaganda like one of those research papers that ends up reinforcing the very notion it sets out to challenge. If academics keep telling women that they're weak and helpless guess what? They end up believing it! What did you think that men are all-knowing all-powerful agents of change with untold privileges bestowed on them from birth? Men are just as put upon by society's expectations as women. Look up "the tyranny of female hypoagency" for a better understanding of these issues. 

简直就像在宣传这种观念，就像那些研究论文中的论题一样，它最终强化了它一开始想要挑战的概念。如果学者们不断地告诉女人她们软弱无助，你猜会怎样？最终她们会相信了这一点！你难道以为男人无所不知、强大、是变革的代理人是因为他们从一出生就被赋予了数不清的特权了？男人和女人一样都是活在社会的期望中。为了更好理解这些点，可以查阅下"对女权主义的暴政“。

Crossx77
But we are different!

但是我们是与众不同的！

No George Clooney
But men are stronger. I've never lost an arm wrestle to a woman.

但是男人更强壮。我从来没有在掰手腕中输给过一个女人。

The Joker222
Lets start addressing that by getting women's tennis to the same 5 set standard for grand slam events as men's tennis.

让我们落实这点从把男子网球大满贯项目的5套标准实行在女子网球中开始。

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lone263
Can't earn it them selfs so whine whine whine!

她们不能靠自己去赢得别人的尊重，所以就只能抱怨抱怨抱怨！

Civil
Gender stereotypes apply to everyone. Some stem from biologicaI fact others grow out of having a functional civiIisation and are beneficial to society. The current trend to disparage everything to do with traditional gender roles is not only wrong it's damaging to society.

性别刻板印象适用于每一个人。其中有些刻板印象是有生物学依据的。另外一些刻板印象则有助于文化的发展从而造福于社会。目前贬低与传统性别角色有关的一切的趋势，不仅是错误的而且对社会造成了破坏。

Small Town Girl
It starts younger. 4 year olds state "You can't do that you're a girl." 

那发生在更早的时候，四岁的小女孩就会被告知"你不能这么做，因为你是一个女孩。" 

SunriseBoy
Another "Attack of the Violins"!

另一个”小提琴的攻击“！

Mrs B. wife of Mr.B.
Children were healthier and happier before the explosijn of TV and social media and when schools just taught. I don't get how in the 60's when I was growing up we were far healthier mentally being brought up in stable married family units and were taught practicality. I used to help dad with D.I.Y.. We weren't obsessed by looks had more balance in life without too much TV no airbrushing of magazines pictures of normal colour teeth. We could be tomboyish without all this gender nonsense. We could play with dolls boys pushed our dolls prams I made dens helped boys make go carts. Great childhood not having all this angst. Parents who didn't worry us with adult stuff. I left school at 15 strongminded and resilent. It's resilence children need stable family unit and less influence from outside. 

孩子们在电视和社交媒体疯狂报道之前或者当只能从学校学到知识时是更加健康和快乐。我不知道我在60年代是怎么长大的，我们在稳定的已婚家庭条件下被抚养长大，在精神上更积极健康，也被教导的更有实践能力。我曾经用DIY帮助了爸爸...我们并没有痴迷于外表，生活更平衡，没有太多杂乱的电视节目，没有杂志上经过润色的普通颜色牙齿的照片。 我们可以变的很假小子，没有这些所谓的性别废话。 我们可以玩娃娃，男孩推我们的娃娃婴儿车。我改造了房间，帮助男孩做手推车。美好的童年没有这一切的焦虑。 父母不用担心我们被成人的东西影响。 我15岁离开学校时坚强有韧性。这种有韧性的孩子需要稳定的家庭关系和较少的外部影响。

-------------译者：Mmememe-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

ThePatriot
Women are the weaker sex and I would assume that the majority of women like it that way.

 女性是弱势，我猜大多数女性喜欢如此。

Evan
Article is a waste of words. if you want something go get it. we have too

文章是浪费字眼，如果真的想要什么，那自己就努力得到它。我们必须这样。

Richard46
My wife went to buy a large bag of dog biscuits (weighing about 12 kg). The assistant told her that women employees were not allowed to carry them so she got a male employee to carry them to my wife's car. Sorry that's gender stereotyping to say that men are the stronger sex.

我妻子去买一大袋狗饼干（大概12公斤重），售货员说女性员工不允许搬运那么重的狗粮，所以她找了一个男性雇员帮我的妻子把狗粮搬到她的车上。我很遗憾地说男性比较强壮也是一种性别歧视。

Takoyaki
But women are physically weaker and given to emotional outbursts. For example by red arrowing this comment.

但是女士的确身体素质较弱而且容易情绪爆发。比如，用红色的箭头指向这条评论。

Malamute
Here's the thing stop the press women are the weaker sex .

事情是这样的，停止发表女性是弱势性别的言论。

Dan
"during adolescence the world expands for boys and contracts for girls." What a ridiculous overstatement and any young woman who actually believes that idea has already put herself into a mental conflict with all boys and a generally weaker position in life. Foolish feminism. 

“在青少年期间，世界为男孩扩展，却对女孩限制。”多么可笑的夸大其词，任何一个真正相信这个言论的女生已经在精神层面上把自己放在了男孩的对立面上，而且将自己放在生活中相对较弱的位置。愚蠢的女权主义。

-------------译者：carpediemzss-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Time for revolution
For goodness sake get a bloody life

看在老天的份上务必让（这些人）做点有意义的事吧！

helpim50
Has anyone eveer thought that all these researching is hurting everyone.... one day it's this next it's that. Then you shouldn't eat that then you should eat that.... OMG!!! no wonder the world is loopy!!!!

难道就没有人想过吗，这些研究其实伤害着我们每个人....今天说这个，明天又说那个。然后说你不该吃这个，你应该吃那个....天哪！！！难怪这个世界乱了套！！！！

jpcqw1
So you found out that girls around the entire world understand that their the weaker sex as a general rule. Nothing shocking here..

所以你发现了全世界的女孩们都发现自己在性别是弱势的一方这个普遍定律。见怪不怪了。

Zack11
Children were happy before they were told that all genders are the same. Now look at all the psychological problems occurring.

孩子们在被告知所有性别是一样之前都很高兴的。瞧瞧现在出现的所有心理问题！

Helenita
Lets get one thing straight. Males and females aren't equal. And that's just how it is and always has been.

让我们来捋清一下。男女之间本来就不一样，就是这么一回事儿，而且一直以来都是。

Where am I
Enough with this gender nonsense. Identity politics is poison.

受够这些关于性别的胡说八道。 身份认同政治就是毒药。

-------------译者：carpediemzss-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Zack11
Woman are weaker than men that's a biological fact... As this article shows even 10 year olds are fully aware of this.

女人比男人弱，这在生物学上就是事实…正如这篇文章所说的，甚至10岁的孩子也完全意识到了这一点。

NatLM84
I'm a thirty-three year old female I never once felt like the weaker sex. I just got on with it and never gave it much thought I guess! I am who I am and that is all that matters to me. I can't help feeling that there's some kind of agenda with all this nonsense. 

我是一名33岁的女性，我从来没有觉得自己在性别是是弱势的一方。我没有多想，让它顺其自然。我就是我，这对我来说才是最重要的。我忍不住觉得些胡言乱语是按照某种议程安排的。

Eric Legge
I agree! - These experts are the full ticket. The Olympics and every other sport have to become gender-neutral in order to prove beyond a shadow of doubt that women are not the weaker sex.

我赞同！这些专家胡说。奥运会和其他任何体育运动都已经性别中立，就是为了证明，女人不是性别中弱势的一方。

Mario in
Don't worry.. Now there are 31 gender identities to choose from and you can switch as you please!

不必担心，现在有31个性别特征可供选择，你可以随意切换呢！

Wooly Jumper
"Gender straightjackets"? I guess 2.8 million years of human evolution just aren't good enough for today's "progressive" thinkers...

“性别紧身衣”？我猜想280万年的人类进化对于现在的“进步”思想家们显然来说是不够的…

Lelly McKelly -> Wooly Jumper
And yet we still keep evolving. Some of us anyway. Feeling threatened Wooly now that the dinosaurs are extinct?

然而我们仍然要继续进化啊。至少我们中的一些人要继续进化，感到恐惧有点混乱，恐龙不是已经灭绝了吗？