蒂勒森：非洲应该避免由于中国的过度贷款而丧失主权 [英国媒体]

Africa should avoid forfeiting sovereignty to China over loans: Tillerson

蒂勒森：非洲应该避免由于中国的过度贷款而丧失主权



ADDIS ABABA (Reuters) - U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said on Thursday that African countries should be careful not to forfeit their sovereignty when they accept loans from China, the continent’s biggest trading partner.

路透社：美国国务卿Rex Tillerson周四称非洲国家在接受中国的贷款时应该小心谨慎，避免主权沦丧。中国是这片大陆最大的贸易伙伴。

Tillerson is using his first diplomatic trip to the continent to bolster security alliances on a continent increasingly turning to Beijing for aid and trade.

蒂勒森将其首次外交访问放在这片大陆，是为了促成安全联盟，以应对这片大陆日益转向中国寻求援助和贸易的形势。

He may also seek to smooth relations after U.S. President Trump reportedly dismissed some African nations as “shithole countries” in January. Trump later denied making the comment.

有报道称美国总统特朗普在1月份称某些非洲国家是“屎坑国家”，所以蒂勒森也许也想要平抚该事件引发的紧张情绪。特朗普稍后否认曾做出这一言论。

“We are not in any way attempting to keep Chinese dollars from Africa,” Tillerson told a news conference in the Ethiopian capital. “It is important that African countries carefully consider the terms of those agreements and not forfeit their sovereignty.”

“我们无论如何都不能试图让中国的资金留在非洲，”蒂勒森在埃塞俄比亚的一次新闻发布会上说，“对于非洲国家来说有一点很重要，在考虑那些协议中的条款时要小心谨慎，不要丧失他们的主权。”

The United States is the leading aid donor to Africa but China surpassed it as a trade partner in 2009. Beijing has pumped billions into infrastructure projects, though critics say the use of Chinese firms and labor undermines their value.

美国是非洲最大的援助赠与国，但中国在2009年超过美国成为非洲最大的贸易伙伴。北京已经向那里的基础设施建设注资数十亿美元，虽然有批评人士称中国在利用那些中国公司和劳动力来破坏他们的价值。

Tillerson said Chinese investments “do not bring significant job creation locally” and criticized how Beijing structures loans to African government.

蒂勒森称中国的投资“没有为当地创造明显的就业”，并对中国对非洲政府的贷款构成提出批评。

If a government accepts a Chinese loan and “gets into trouble”, he said, it can “lose control of its own infrastructure or its own resources through default.” He did not give examples.

如果一个政府接受中国的贷款并“陷入麻烦”，他说，它可能“由于违约而失去对本国的基础设施和自然资源的控制。”他没有举例说明。

The growing Chinese lending to the continent has also attracted criticism from some Africans, who say China’s agenda is to feed its appetite for African raw materials like oil, timber and minerals, and secure contracts for its firms.

中国对这片大陆日益增加的借债也引发了某些非洲人的批评，他们称中国的进程是为了满足自身对非洲原材料的贪欲，如石油、木材和矿产，并为本国公司拿到合同。

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, visiting Zimbabwe on Thursday, told reporters it was inappropriate for Tillerson to criticize China’s relationship with African countries.

俄罗斯外交部长谢尔盖拉夫罗夫周四访问了津巴布韦，告诉记者：蒂勒森批评中国与非洲国家的关系是不合适的。

“It was not appropriate to criticize the relations of his hosts — when he was a guest there — with another country,” he said. Many African governments enjoy close ties with both Washington and Beijing.

“当他还在那里做客的时候，就对他的东道主与另一个国家的关系提出批评是不合适的，”他说。很多非洲政府同时与华盛顿和北京保持密切关系。

Kenya, for example, inaugurated a $3.2 billion railway funded by China last year. For the last three years, Kenya has received more than $100 million annually in U.S. security assistance.

例如，肯尼亚去年就开通了一条中国资助的价值32亿美元的铁路。在过去三年，肯尼亚已经收到美国每年超过1亿美元的国防援助资金。

Asked about Tillerson’s criticism of China’s approach on the continent, Kenya’s foreign affairs minister Monica Juma said: “This country is engaging with partners from across the world driven by our own interests and for our own value.”

当被问及蒂勒森对中国在这片大陆行为的批评时，肯尼亚外交部长Monica Juma说：“我国根据我们自己的兴趣，并为了我们自己的价值来与全世界的伙伴展开合作。”

African Union (AU) Commission Chairman Moussa Faki, of Chad, and U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson hold a news conference after their meeting at African Union headquarters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia March 8, 2018. 

2018年3月8日，来自乍得的非盟委员会主席Moussa Faki与美国国务卿里克斯蒂勒森，在位于埃塞俄比亚的亚的斯亚贝巴的非盟总部举行了会谈，会后双方召开新闻发布会。

Tillerson arrived in Ethiopia, Africa’s second most populous nation, on Wednesday and visited the African Union headquarters on Thursday. The complex was funded and built by China and is seen as a symbol of Beijing’s thrust for influence and access to the continent’s natural resources.

蒂勒森周三抵达非洲第二人口大国埃塞俄比亚，并于周四访问了非洲联盟的总部。这座集合体建筑是由中国出资建造的，并被视为中国对非洲施加影响力并获取这片大陆自然资源的象征。

Ethiopia is home to some of Beijing’s biggest investments, from a railway to Djibouti that opened last year to factories and industrial parks.

埃塞俄比亚是中国一些最大的投资项目所在地，包括一条铁路、去年开门的吉布提军事基地、大量的工厂和工业园。

Earlier this week, Tillerson criticized “China’s approach” to Africa which he said encouraged dependency through “opaque contracts” and “predatory loan practices”.

本周早些时候，蒂勒森批评了“中国对非洲的手段”，他说这些手段通过“不透明的合同”以及“掠夺成性的贷款行动”助长了从属国的情况。

Ethiopia’s prime minister resigned suddenly last month and a state of emergency was imposed but protests in the restive Oromia region have continued.

埃塞俄比亚总理上月突然辞职，该国实施了紧急状态，但在不安定的奥罗米亚地区，抗议仍在继续。

The secretary of state met Hailemariam Desalegn, who resigned as prime minister but is still acting in the post awaiting a replacement. Details of their discussions were not released.

国务卿会见了已经辞去总理职位的Hailemariam Desalegn，但他依然在行使职权等待接替者。他们讨论的细节没有公开。

Tillerson said after meeting his Ethiopian counterpart Workneh Gebeyehu that the answer to political turmoil in Ethiopia was greater freedoms.

在会见了他的埃塞俄比亚同行Workneh Gebeyehu后，蒂勒森说，埃塞俄比亚的政治混乱情况的解决方法是更大的自由。

“It is important that the country moves on past the state of emergency as quickly as possible,” he said.

“这个国家尽快度过国家紧急状态是很重要的一件事，”他说。

Tillerson reiterated previous calls for African states to cut ties with North Korea.

蒂勒森反复呼吁非洲国家切断与朝鲜的联系。

North Korea has more than a dozen embassies on the continent. The Trump administration has said that Pyongyang earns hard currency from arms deals with African government and the trafficking of wildlife parts from Africa.

朝鲜在这片大陆设立了十多个大使馆。特朗普当局说平壤利用与非洲政府的武器交易换取硬通货，并从非洲非法交易野生动植物。

Tillerson is due to fly to Djibouti, host to military bases owned by the U.S., China, Japan, France, and Italy.

蒂勒森计划飞往吉布提，吉布提是美国、中国、日本、法国和意大利军事基地的所在的。

He will then visit Kenya, a key U.S. ally in the fight against al Shabaab Islamist militants in Somalia, before traveling to Chad and Nigeria, which are also battling to contain Islamist insurgents.

然后他将访问肯尼亚，肯尼亚是美国打击索马里阿尔沙巴布伊斯兰武装的关键盟友，之后将访问乍得和尼日利亚，这两国也在与包含伊斯兰色彩的反叛者作战。

Analysts say Trump has focused mainly on security concerns in Africa at a time when China, Turkey and other nations are ramping up diplomatic and business links.

分析家称当中国、土耳其和其他国家加大在非洲的外交和商业联系时，特朗普的重点主要放在非洲的安全问题上。

“When you look at the set of countries that are being visited I think it kind of reinforces the perception that security, indeed, is the overwhelming focus,” said Brahima Coulibaly, the director of the Africa Growth Initiative at Brookings Institution.

“看看他正在访问的一系列国家，我觉得的确有点支持‘安全确实是美国压倒性的重点’这一说法，”Brahima Coulibaly说，他是布鲁金斯基金会非洲发展倡议的主管。


MostEpicRedditor  17小时前 
Tillerson should offer to develop Africa's infrastructure with better prices then.

那么蒂勒森应该为开发非洲的基础设施提出更好的报价。

myweed1esbigger  15小时前 
But such is not the American way. The American way is complain about it for years while doing nothing until it’s too late to catch up. Then try and impose punitive tariffs while half heartedly trying to catch up. Like they did with the solar industry.

但这不是美国的行事方式。美国的方式是年复一年的抱怨，却什么也不做，直到太晚而追赶不上。然后试图征收惩罚性关税，却不认真的努力追赶。他们在太阳能行业就是这么干的。

chenthechin  12小时前 
The thing is chinese loans are quite shit. 1100% more expensive then loans from Japan (2-3% vs 0,25-0,75%). Make a guess why african countries accept them so readily. Dont even want to know how much chinese contributions go beforehand to the various african petty dictators and corrupt officials. Smart business for china of course, but realy bad for the africans tomorrow.

中国贷款那件事相当的差劲。比日本贷款贵11倍（中国2-3%日本0.25-0.75%）。猜猜为什么非洲国家这么容易就接受了？我一点也不想知道中国人预先给了非洲的各个独裁者和腐败官员多少好处。对于中国来说当然是机智的交易，但对非洲的未来而言真的很糟糕。

MostEpicRedditor 10小时前 
Well then Japan needs to step up its game and start buying out corrupt officials with even bigger bribes then

好吧，那日本需要提高它的筹码，并开始用更大的贿赂去收买腐败官员。

valvalya  16小时前 
http://www.worldbank.org/

MostEpicRedditor  16小时前 
What am I supposed to get from that? What I see is China doing more trade there, and therefore have more incentives to develop their infrastructure, which plenty of African nations need. And if the US is unhappy that China is stealing their friend, they should come up with better deals so they would not be stuck with the Oh-so-terribly-unfair Chinese deals. Ye?

你给那个链接想说收买？我看到中国在那里做了更多的贸易，所以有更大的激励去开发那里的基础设施，而那正是很多非洲国家需要的。而且如果美国对中国正在偷走他们的朋友的情况不高兴，那他们就应该提供更好的交易，这样他们就不会被“哦中国人的交易真是太不公平了”这种想法所纠缠。

aegon-the-befuddled  16小时前 
I think /u/valvalya is implying that African countries should look towards the World Bank to seek loans. S/He is however under the delusion that Work Bank provides loans to African nations on generous terms...and completely misses the point that World Bank will not help US in this Soft-Power tug-of-war with China. US has to get involved directly unless they want China to take over.

我觉得valvalya在暗示说非洲国家应该指望世界银行提供贷款。然而他/她还沉浸在世界银行会以慷慨的条款为非洲提供贷款的幻想之中……并且完全不知道世界银行才不会在这场与中国的软实力战争中帮助美国。除非美国想要中国接手非洲，否则他们必须直接参与进去。

MostEpicRedditor  16小时前 
Exactly. This is how businesses work, even. Give better products at a better price and you will win over your competition.

完全正确。这就是商业的运作方式，很公平。向更好的产品支付更高的价钱，然后就可以赢得竞争。

UncomfortableNews 16小时前 
This is a bit ironic coming from any western government, but especially the US.

这种话出自任何一个西方政府，都有点讽刺，但对于美国尤其如此。

valvalya 16小时前 
"Especially" the U.S.? Someone's not terribly familiar with the history of western imperialism.

“尤其”是美国？看来有人对西方的帝国主义历史十分的不了解。

the-vague-blur 14小时前 
What China is doing in Africa, USA basically perfected in South America.

中国正在非洲所做的事情，美国基本上在南美已经做的很熟练了。

MostEpicRedditor 1小时前 
Absolutely not comparable.
Uncle Sam topples over several democratically elected governors of SA countries and its media has the audacity to lecture China about democracy.
Meanwhile, African nations welcomes China with open arms for development. Sam's argument? Corruption and forfeiting sovereignty.

完全没得比。
山姆大叔在颠覆了好几个南美国家的民选政府，而它的媒体却在厚颜无耻的编排中国的民主。
与此同时，非洲国家为了发展伸开双手欢迎中国。山姆大叔对此的论点是什么？“腐败和丧失主权”。

a_t-2 14小时前 
Yep, someone like you who isn't aware of anything the iMF and the world bank did to Africa. Ignorant.

是啊，像你这样的人对于货币基金组织和世界银行对非洲所做的事情一无所知。无知。

UncomfortableNews 16小时前 
When it comes to the debt of African countries, definitely. John Perkins' books are a good start.
Just take a look at any situation where the US dollar was about to lose significance. Be it for oil payments, debt and whatnot. Look at what happened every single time.

说到非洲国家的债务问题，确实如此。从约翰珀金斯的着作中可以很好的了解这件事。
只需要看看任何美元有可能失去其重要性的情形。无论是为了石油结算，债务还是别的什么东西。看看每次都发生了什么事。

aegon-the-befuddled 17小时前 
Then maybe Tillerson's boss should stop pushing them towards China by calling them shitholes? and providing better deals than what the Chinese are offering? Oh wait, right, Trump administration doesn't give a crap about soft power. Meanwhile China is silently filling up the hole left by US by building infrastructure projects there and providing development loans.

那么蒂勒森的老板应该做的就是不要再说他们是屎坑？因为这样会把他们推向中国的怀抱。并且向他们提供比中国更好的交易？哦，等等，特朗普当局根本不在乎什么软实力。与此同时中国在那里建设基础设施项目并且提供开发贷款，用这种方式静静的填补着美国留下的空缺。

comprehensiveleague 17小时前 
Wait so your response to a perfectly sensible message from Tillerson is that Africa is doing self-harm to itself because of Trump?
You do realize that many of these African leaders are super corrupt so they think of nothing of giving away the farm literally for kickbacks and other payouts right?
This corruption started before Trump was ever on the scene.

等等，你的回复意思是蒂勒森发出了一条完全理智的信息，说非洲因为特朗普而在自己伤害自己？
你真的认识到非洲很多领导人超级腐败吗？所以他们为了回扣和其他花费而不假思索彻底放弃那些农场，你不知道吗？
这种腐败早在特朗普上台之前就开始了。

a_t-2 14小时前 
sensible? look who's talking, a bunch of white ex-slavers neo-imperialist hypocrites.

理智吗？看看是谁在说话，一群前奴隶制新帝国主义的白人伪君子。

aegon-the-befuddled 17小时前 
The perfectly sensible message is completely useless when it is not accompanied by something in return? Corruption is their internal problem, US should have absolutely no concerns about that. However, China establishing themselves in the continent is something US should be concerned about and do everything in their power to halt that course. "Messages" aren't gonna do it.
Did I say that Tillerson is wrong? No. What I said is, US should make their own offer to negate the Chinese influence instead of just empty words which aren't gonna achieve anything. And what's more is, why should they even care about what a man representing someone who thinks of their nations as shitholes says? Repair that damage and start doing something like China is doing before Africa slides completely out of American influence. Think of it this way, if one guy is offering a starving man $20 million for his one kidney and the other guy is telling him not to do it, who would the starving man listen to? He can live with one kidney but he will die without the 20 million.

如果没有伴随着某些回报，这条完全理智的信息就毫无作用吗？腐败是他们的内部问题，美国不应该关心这件事。然而中国在这片大陆上建立存在，这是美国应该关心的事情，并且在他们的能力范围内应该尽一切努力来阻止这个进程。这条“信息”却没有这样的作用。
我说蒂勒森不对了吗？没有。我说的是，美国应该提出自己的条件来消除中国的影响力，而不是只在那里说毫无结果的空话。而且更重要的是，为什么他们要在乎某人（蒂勒森）的话？那个人还是某个认为他们国家是屎坑的家伙（特朗普）的代表。在美国对非洲的影响力彻底被消除之前，赶快修复那些话带来的伤害，并且开始做中国正在做的事情。这样想一想，如果一个人拿着2000万美元去买一个即将饿死的人的腰子，而另一个家伙却告诉他不要接受，那个即将饿死的人会听谁的？他剩下一个腰子还可以活，但是没有那2000万美元他就会死。

comprehensiveleague 16小时前 
Ok buddy what exactly should Trump do? What exactly did Obama do?

好啦，兄弟，特朗普究竟该怎么做？奥巴马究竟做了什么？

aegon-the-befuddled 16小时前 
What's with the Trump supporters and attempts to deflect all critique of the current regime by bringing up Obama? Obama is not in charge right now, Trump is, God save us all. I already told you what I think Trump should do. He should offer loans to African nations on lower interest rates than the Chinese are offering, build a few roads, schools, stadiums, hospitals here and there for free to change the opinion of the Africans in favour of USA, offer scholarships to high achieving African students (Fulbright Program can be expanded) so that they can come and observe American way of life, be influenced by it and take it back with them to their home countries with American degrees. That plan will cost money but it at least has some chance of kicking the Chinese out unlike "China bad, is veri sensible message, you shithole still but no take loan from China mmkay?"
Edit:typo

特朗普的支持者们到底是怎么想的，他们难道想通过提出奥巴马来转移对当前政权的所有批评？现在当政的不是奥巴马，而是特朗普，上帝拯救。我已经告诉过你我认为特朗普应该做什么。他应该向非洲国家提供比中国利率更低的贷款，免费在各处修建一些道路、学校、体育场馆、医院等，来把非洲人的看法变得对美国有利。向成绩好的非洲学生提供奖学金（可以扩大富布赖特项目的覆盖面），这样他们可以来美国并体验美国的生活方式，并被它所影响，并且带着美国的学位以及美国的生活方式回到他们的祖国。这个计划可能耗资巨大，但它至少有机会可以让中国人出局，总比这些话有用：“中国坏，这是十分明智的信息，你们虽然还是粪坑国家，但是不要接受中国的贷款，好不好？”

Ol_Dirt_Dog 15小时前 
What's with the Trump supporters and attempts to deflect all critique of the current regime by bringing up Obama?
What are their other options when Trump has accomplished nothing in his first year?

“特朗普的支持者们到底是怎么想的，他们难道想通过提出奥巴马来转移对当前政权的所有批评？”
当特朗普上任第一年毫无作为，不知道他们有没有别的想法？

comprehensiveleague 15小时前 
the issue here is corruption, no amount of scholarships and low interest loans will stem this tide unless African nations come to grips with it

非洲的问题是腐败，再多的学位和低吸贷款都无法阻止这种潮流，除非非洲国家认真对待它。

myweed1esbigger 15小时前 
So your solution is to do nothing and let China do its thing?

那么你的方案是什么也不做，放任中国为所欲为?

ComaPmson 14小时前 
he's dancing around to avoid saying it explicitly, but i'll do it for him.
what he means is that it's not america's responsibility to give handouts in the form of low interest loans or grants to africa. but that is not a popular opinion so it needs to be justified by saying that africa is corrupt so america shouldn't give it anything. what some people at the elite level of policy making probably think is that america should (and for all we know, probably is) holding a gun to africa's head and telling them that if they take china's money, america will kill them.

他不停的转换话题，不想明确的说出来，我来帮他说。
他的意思是，以低息贷款或者拨款的形式提供援助并不是美国的责任，但这种观点不怎么受欢迎，所以需要证明非洲是腐败的，所以美国不应该给它任何东西。制定政策的精英阶层中，有些人可能是这样认为的：即美国应该(而且根据我们知道的所有情况，可能就是这样)拿着枪指着非洲人的头，告诉他们如果他们拿了中国的钱，美国就会杀了他们。

myweed1esbigger 14小时前 
That sounds more like the US
No we won’t help you make your country better
also, we’ll punish you if you accept help from someone else to make your country better.
we’d rather you just stayed poor M’kay?

这样说才更像美国的作风。
不，我们才不会帮助你们改善你们的国家。
另外，如果你接受别人的帮助来改善你们的国家，我们就会惩罚你。
我们宁愿你们继续穷着，好不好？

ComaPmson 14小时前 
par for the course

意料之中的事。

comprehensiveleague 14小时前 
I don't know what the solution is but losing money to corruption doesn't seem like it is it.

我不知道解决途径是什么，但让钱损失到腐败者手中，似乎也不像解决之道。

MostEpicRedditor 1小时前 
Why don't you tell us what Obama did, since you're so eager to bring it up?

既然你这么急切的把奥巴马拖出来，你为什么不告诉我们他是怎么做的？

KingsleyGoyle 14小时前 
It is the same as lending from the IMF. If you don't pay they seize your assets

跟从IMF借贷没什么两样。如果你不还钱，他们就会没收你的财产。

SaintIgnatiusReilly 2 天前 
Yeah, it should only be forfeiting sovereignty to international banks and the IMF

是啊，它的主权只应该丧失到世界银行和IMF手中。