打造令人生畏的海军：中国第一艘国产航母开始了历史性的海试 [英国媒体]

China has taken a historic step in its bidto build a navy that rivals the world's finest by sending the country's firstdomestically built aircraft out for sea trials.

随着该国首艘国产航母出海海试，中国已在打造一支能与世界顶尖媲美的海军方面迈出了历史性的一步。

The vessel has the temporary name Type 001Aand set out yesterday from Dalian after President Xi Jinping announced a'world-class' navy under the Chinese Communist Party's regime.

该舰目前的名字是001A型，在习主席宣布建设一支“世界级”的海军后于昨天从大连港出发。

The 50,000-tonne carrier is the first to bewholly built and designed in China, and is set to become the navy's secondaircraft carrier by 2020.

这艘5万吨级的航母是第一艘由中国完全自主设计和建造的，即将在2020年前成为海军的第二艘航母。

The runway on the new vessel models theskip slope design of its predecessor. Though China still lags behind the UnitedStates in terms of military might, the Communist government is increasing thecountry's dominance in Asia, where only Japan seriously rivals it

新舰上的跑道沿袭了它前辈的滑跃起飞设计。虽然中国在军事力量方面仍落后于美国，其政府正在加强该国对亚洲的统治，能真正与之匹敌的只有日本。

The vessel - temporarily named Type 001A -was sent out for sea trials at 7am today as President Xi Jinping pushes aheadwith modernisation in the country's Navy. Experts say that it still won't beenough to seriously challenge the dominance of the USA within the next 12 years

随着中国向前推进该国海军的现代化，该舰在今天早上7点出发海试。据专家说，在下一个12年内，仍不足以严重挑战美国的统治地位。

Currently the country only has aretrofitted Soviet-era aircraft carrier called the Liaoning, which was launchedin 2012.

目前该国只拥有一艘翻新过的苏联时期的航母“辽宁号”，于2012年下水。

But CNN reports the new vessel still won'tbe enough to rival the United States, but will boost the navy's standing inAsia.  

但据CNN报道，这艘新舰仍不足以匹敌美国，但会增进该国海军在亚洲的声望。

Sam Roggeveen, senior fellow at Sydney'sLowy Institute, said: 'This is, in and of itself, not designed to be somefrontal challenge to US power in the Asia Pacific, because it simply isn't inthe class of America's aircraft carriers.'

悉尼罗伊国际政策研究院高级研究员山姆•罗赫芬说：“此举，就其本身而已，目的并非是对亚太地区美国力量的正面挑战，仅仅是因为它和美国的航母不在同一个级别”

It is a retrofitted Soviet-era vessel,showing the marked difference between the communist country's capabilities ascompared with that of the US

这是一艘翻新过的苏联时期的舰船，显示出共产主义国家相较于美国的显着能力差别

The new aircraft carrier weighs 50,000tonnes and analysis of recent satellite images suggest that modifications havebeen made for the ship to transport an additional eight aircraft. Unlike thenuclear-powered carriers the United States fields, the Chinese rely on lessinnovative means of propulsion

这艘新航母重5万吨，根据最近的卫星照片分析，该舰已完成的改造使其能多运送8架飞机。与美国装备的核动力航母不同，中国航母依靠的是不那么新颖的推进方式

More than 1,000 feet in length and 246 feetwide, the new ship uses conventional propulsion as opposed to nuclear andrecent analysis of satellite images suggests modifications have been made tohold up to eight additional aircraft.

长达1000多英尺，宽246英尺，新舰没有使用核动力而是常规动力，对最近卫星照片的分析表明该舰已完成的改造使其能多容纳8架飞机。

Its predecessor was intended more as atraining base, but the new ship is likely to be deployed for combat, puttingChina alongside the US, the UK, Russia and France in its globalcapability.  

它的前辈更多是用来作为训练基地，但这艘新舰可能会被部署作战斗之用，将使中国在全球能力方面比肩于美英俄法。

But it is still the US that fields moreaircraft carriers than any other country. As of this year it fields 11nuclear-powered carriers with 'catapult' technology, in which pistons orelectromagnetic rails speed aircraft up as they leave the runway.

但美国仍比任何国家装备有更多的航母。今年它装备了11艘拥有弹射器技术的核动力航母，在飞机离开跑道时以活塞或电磁轨道加速它们。

This gives them an advantage over theChinese planes, which rely on their own power and the ski-jump designs on bothcarriers.

这一点赋予了它们相对中国战机的优势，后者在两艘航母上都只能依靠自身动力和滑跃起飞的设计。


The ship is China's latest attempt toassert its military might and follows a surge of investment from 2010 to 2017,when the Navy's ship complement increased from 210 to 320. The country is fastdeveloping capabilities to maintain presence in distant waters  

该舰是中国声张其军事力量的最新尝试，从2010至2017年间还会有后继的投资大潮，届时海军舰船总数将从210艘扩充至320艘。该国正迅速发展在远洋保持存在的能力。

Once this latest addition passes seatrials, it will need to be further vetted before it is deemed combat-ready. Andplenty can still go wrong during the current trial, as the UK's HMS QueenElizabeth proved last year when a leak left it in need of repair.

一旦这艘最新加入的船舰通过了海试，在被认定准备好实战之前，它将需要进一步的检备。而在当下的试航中，仍有大量部件可能会出问题，因为英国皇家海军的伊丽莎白女王号航母在去年证明了这一点，当时有一个没被发现的泄露点需要修理。

And the US Navy's newest warship - the USSGerald R Ford - has been blighted by glitches despite it being the world's mostexpensive at $13 billion.

而美国海军最新的战舰“杰拉尔德·福特号”航空母舰，已因为一些小故障受挫，尽管它是世界上最昂贵的，造价达130亿美元。

The 100,000-tonne vessel's catapultlauncher, the equipment for catching planes upon landing and its radar were allfound to be faulty.  

这艘十万吨级的舰艇的弹射起飞装置、飞机降落拦阻设备、以及它的雷达都被发现存在瑕疵。

（译注：飞机降落阻拦设备即为福特号装备的AAG电磁阻拦系统）

Although China is far from catching up withthe US, its military budget this year rose by eight per cent as the militarypushes for modernisation.

虽然中国距离赶上美国还很远，其本年度的军事预算因为推动军事现代化而增加了八个百分点。

The Navy's ship complement increased from210 to 320 between 2010 and 2017, with 2016 alone seeing an increase of18.  

该国海军舰船总数在2010至2017年间，从210艘增至320艘，仅仅2016年1年就增加了18艘。

American sea power is expected to continuedominating over the next 10 years, but China is fast developing capabilities tomaintain presence in distant waters.  

美国海军力量有望在下一个10年中继续主宰，但中国正迅速发展在远洋保持存在的能力。

Last week US intelligence suggested thereis a high probability that the Chinese fired missiles to three artificialislands in military drills.  

美国情报部门在上周暗示，中国在军事训练中向三个人工岛发射导弹可能性很高。

1、Yet, UK aid (￡47Million DM 25th April 2018) goes to China because they are a"developing" country, but will be pretty soon the world's largesteconomy. Remind me of the meaning of "developing country" Alsobecause they are "developing" they are building lots of coal firedpower stations,that kick more rubbish into the air in 1 week, than we do in ayear and we are the one's getting hammered for supposed Green taxes.

但英国还有4700万英镑的援助流向中国，就因为他们是“发展中”国家，但很快就要成为世界最大经济体了。这让我回想起“发展中国家”的含义。也因为他们在“发展中”，所以他们建了许多燃煤火力发电厂，向空气中排放了更多的垃圾，他们一周的排放量比我们一整年的还多，而却是我们遭受着环保税的重击。

（回复1）Well, you can take comfort in knowing that a little of the taxes youhave paid has bought a nice aircraft carrier!!

好吧，你会因为知道你缴纳的那一点点税金买来了一艘漂亮航母而感到宽慰的。

（回复2）But at the same time, that amount of money is nothing. Chinaprobably forgot its getting 47 million in aid from the UK because in the grandscheme of things that doesnt accomplish much at all.

但与此同时，那点钱屁用不顶。中国很可能会忘记它得到了来自英国的4700万援助，因为从宏观看，那点钱根本干不成什么事。

2、So why does Chiiinaneed miIIIitary islands so far south that they should rightly be part oflndonesia?

所以为啥中国需要那么靠南的军事化小岛呢？它们应该成为印度尼西亚的一部分才公正。

（回复1）Chinese are back stabbers, they think they can fight with USA andthe rest of the world with their not so reliable weapons.

中国人是背后捅刀之徒，他们认为他们能用那些不甚可靠的武器和美国以及世界其他国家对打。

（回复2）US has Diego Garcia and British have Falklands, French have theirown colonies ...Every country aspiring to be a big power does this ...Itsnothing new

美国有迪戈加西亚岛（印度洋），英国有福克兰群岛，法国有他们自己的殖民地...每一个渴望成为大国的国家都这么干...多新鲜呐

3、The world is armingitself and liberals in the UK wants to fight everyone with hugs

全世界都在武装自己，而英国的自由主义者们却靠拥抱来和所有人作斗争。

4、Military hardware isnot in the same league as cheap consumer goods. China maintains high qualityassurance on their military hardware, especially their aircraft and navalsystems. I had the opportunity to examine Chinese-built aircraft at the 2016Zhuhai airshow (where I also watched the British Red Arrows give an excellentperformance). The new generation of Chinese aircraft are in the same league asRussian and U.S. aircraft. Sadly, enthusiasts were not permitted near theirJ-20 or J-31 5th generation fighters (security concerns), but we got to examineall their 4th generation fighters and their new helicopters. This myth about"Made in China" is propagated by "patriots" from the West, perhapsout of contempt that another military can compete with their own. But the mythis a farce. China doesn't spare any expense on it's air force or navy. Onlytheir army seems to have some expenses spared i.e; shortage of body armor,modest field rations (when compared to the American MRE), etc.

军事装备和廉价消费品不属于同一个范畴。中国在他们的军事装备上保持着高品质，尤其是他们的飞机和军舰体系。我曾有幸在2016年珠海航展（在那里我也观摩了英国红箭特技飞行队的精彩表演）中检视过中国建造的飞机。新一代中国战机和美俄战机处在同一档次。遗憾的是，爱好者们是不允许靠近他们的第五代战机歼20或歼31的（出于安全考虑），但我们还是能够检视他们所有的第四代战机和他们全新的直升机。这种有关“中国制造”的妄语是来自西方的“爱国者”们在炮制传播，也许这是出于对另一支军队能和他们自己匹敌的耻辱感。但这种妄语只是一出闹剧。中国在空军和海军上是不惜一切代价的。只有他们的陆军看上去被削减了一些经费，比如：防弹衣短缺、朴素的野战口粮（相较于美国的野战口粮）等等。

5、Every last detail iscopied from western technology - a cheap imitation.

每一个小细节都是山寨自西方技术，一艘廉价的仿制品。

6、China-the emergingmilitary superpower.

中国——新兴的军事超级大国。

（回复1）Do you really think China does not keep pace with westerntechnology? The biggest mistake we can make is to underestimate them. They alsohave tremendous economic clout- any country that holds dollar reserves canwreck the US by dumping them on world markets, and China is just one of thecountries that has threatened to do so.

你们真认为中国跟不上西方技术？我们能犯的最大错误就是低估了他们。他们也手握巨大的经济影响力，任何持有美元储备的国家都能通过在世界市场上抛售美元来毁灭美国，而中国正是其中一个威胁过这样做的国家。

（回复2）Why would they dump their dollars and watch the value of theirinvestments tank? Its in their interest to support the dollar.

为什么他们要抛售美元，然后看着他们投资的东西贬值呢？支持美元符合他们的利益。

7、300 ships! We've gotabout 15 fighting ships nowadays. In mid 80's when I left RN we had about 75!The demise of the Royal Navy! Well done politicians!

300艘舰！如今我们只有约15艘战舰。我在80年代中期离开皇家海军的时候，我们还有大约75艘！皇家海军的终结！干得真好啊你们这些政客们！

（回复1）Of those 300 ships most aren't deep sea worth, or are old projectswhich China has taken on (such as the carrier).

那300艘中的大部分都不具备深海航行的价值，或是一些中国已在着手执行的老计划（比如航母）

（回复2）The government had other priorities.

政府有更优先的事情要办。

8、Just imagine thenavy we would have if countries were lining up to give us millions , like wegive to China each year .

只要想象下，如果国家像每年给中国扔钱那样，联合起来给我们几百万，我们会拥有一支怎样的海军。

（回复1）Yiour Upcoming Queen Elizabeth Carriers make this look like garbage.

你们即将到来的伊丽莎白女王号航母会让这艘看起来像破烂。

（译注：伊丽莎白女王级航空母舰是英国皇家海军正在建造的多用途航空母舰，是英国皇家海军有史以来最大的战舰，首舰“伊丽莎白女王”号2017年12月7日服役，预计2018年开始飞行试验，2020年形成初始作战能力）

9、Paid for by wal-martcustomers in the U.S

它是由美国的沃尔玛消费者买单的。

（回复1）And Asda in UK.

以及英国的阿斯达。

（译注：）阿斯达（Asda）为英国第四大零售商

（回复2）And Apple customers all over the world.

以及全世界的苹果消费者。

10、And we have 10 plus2 more under construction. just saying.

而我们有10+2艘正在建造中，不是我夸口。

（回复1）Nothing a few tomahawk type missiles can't sort out. Naval warfarehas become less relevant by the year, world war one showed air power issuperior and now, ballistic missiles, drones and so on will soon render shipsuseless against other modern military powers.

没有什么是几枚战斧式巡航导弹不能解决的。海战随着时间推移已经变得越来越无关紧要，一战展示了空中力量的优越性，而现在，弹道导弹、无人机等很快就能把战舰抹掉，除非对阵的是另一个现代军事大国。

11、And to think 'we'helped contribute towards this with 'our' tax money, by giving China around￡35m in aid every year. Just how stupîd are we ?

想想看，“我们”用“我们”纳税的钱帮着出了力在它的身上，通过每年给中国约3500万英镑。我们这是有多蠢啊？

（回复1）Future generations will despise us for the weak fools we are.

我们的子孙后代会看不起我们这些软弱的傻瓜。

（回复2）No, they won't, they (unlike you) might recognise that internationalaid is not aid but a bribery system used by first world countries to getbenefits in return. Unless you idiots get in charge and cancel it all and we becomeglobally irrelevent and then, yes, future generations will despise us forletting idiots take charge of us.

不，他们不会的，他们（不像你）会意识到，国际援助并非援助而是一种贿赂制度，是第一世界国家用来捞取回报的。除非你们这些白痴掌权并全盘取消它然后让我们在全球变得无关紧要，那以后，是的，子孙后代会鄙视我等让白痴掌控了我们。

12、Russia and China...the developing New World order, two countries who notably have adhered to oldfashioned values whilst the West decays in a liberalist midden.

俄罗斯和中国...发展中的世界新秩序，当在西方在自由主义粪堆中衰退时，这两国明晃晃地追随旧式价值观。

（回复1）Old fashioned ideas = pedatory imperialism.

旧式思想 = 掠夺成性的帝国主义

（回复2）Time will tell as to which proves the better governmental system andsocietal ideology. Most developed liberal western nations have only progressedthrough time and upon wealth - having all been feudal totalitarian systemsinitially.

时间会证明，哪一个是更好的政府体制和社会意识形态。大部分自由主义的西方发达国家随着时间推移只在财富方面有所进步，最初它们全都是封建极权体制。

13、And they don't haveto worry about a single emmission as they are immune. Just keep stealing andbuilding islands then make yourself leader for life. United nationssay......Britain is raci ist over brexit lol.

而他们无须担心任何一次发射问题，因为他们不受影响。就这样继续偷窃并建岛吧。然后联合国说...英国在脱欧问题上是种族主义者，笑。

14、The UK has 10 timesas many Admirals and captains than ships

英国海军上将和上校的数目是舰船数目的10倍。

15、I wonder what LordNelson would have to say about our Royal Navy.

我好想知道纳尔逊勋爵会对我们的皇家海军作何评价。

（译注：霍雷肖·纳尔逊，1758-1805，曾在1805年的特拉法尔加海战中击溃法国及西班牙组成的联合舰队）

（回复1）He would probably say, "I must keep an eye out for ournavy".

他可能会说，“我必须时刻留心我们的海军”。

16、It is interestingfor me in a sad way having now watched the demise of the British Empire, thesolid security of the United States dominance for the last 50 years and now theemergence of China. The world just keeps turning. The problem with China isthat is can act without fear of internal scrutiny or backlash from voters. Acommunist empire? It is the stuff of science fiction movies.

对我来说，看着大英帝国终结、过去50年来美国支配下的可靠安全，乃至如今中国的兴起是很有意思的，却也教人忧伤。世界是风水轮流转的。中国的问题是，它做事的时候不用害怕内部审查或是选民的强烈反对。一个共产主义帝国？这可是科幻电影里的东西。

17、Britain and Americaneed to wake up and develop a joint and equal military otherwise the likes ofRussia and China will take advantage. You can see signs of it already.

英国和美国需要醒来，然后发展出联合且对等的军力，不然对俄罗斯和中国的喜欢就会占据上风。已经能看到征兆了。

18、What now Britain? Chinahas 2 carriers to your 1, and their's has planes and your one doesn't.Commision a rowboat? You can't even hold up your end of NATO! Kneel before themullahs of Iran and beg for mercy, and then make more cuts.

怎么样啊英国？中国有2艘航母而你只有1艘，而且他们拥有舰载机，你这艘可没有哦。委托制造一艘？你甚至在北约内都做不好你份内的事！跪在伊朗的教长前乞求怜悯吧，然后再多削减一些。

19、The world will have toaccept China becoming a super power, let's hope they will join the free nationsof the the world someday.

全世界将不得不接受中国成为一个超级大国，让我们希望有一天他们会加入世界自由国家的阵营。

20、If it has anescalator on it, the sailors will all end up dead anyway.

只要在上面装一部自动扶梯，无论如何水手们最终都会死。

21、That is what I calla really big rice burner.

这就是我称之为巨型烧饭炉子的东西。

22、Oh the brits can'tstand that other countries are doing way better than you..lol. Well you havebrexit, you'll be fine

哇英国佬无法忍受其他国家比你们干得好太多..笑。好吧你们有脱欧，你们会没事的。

23、the whole idea of aChinese Navy in the modern world is to stop their rivers being sailed up..weBrits used to do this when we had a new one sided treaty we wished them tosign..gunboat diplomacy is something China has been on the receiving end of afew times..colonial powers don't carve off places like Macau and Hong Kong byjust asking for their territory..Also if the US and China ever go to warAmerica will try to blockade China and cut it off from world trade..hence theirgreat road project, the island fortification and DF-21.

在现代世界中，中国海军存在的整体思想就是为了防止被人溯江而上...我们英国人以前干过这事，当时我们有一个希望他们能签署的单边条约...在炮舰外交面前中国已经做了好几次受气包了...殖民列强没有割走像是澳门和香港这类地方，只须索要它们的领土即可。同样，如果美国和中国一朝走向战争，美国会试着封锁中国，并使其隔绝于世界贸易...他们的一带一路计划、岛屿要塞和东风21这才应运而生。
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