在海底发现的800年之久的“中国制造”标签让一艘印尼沉船遗骸浮出历史的水面 [英国媒体]

800-year-old 'Made in China' label found at the bottom of the sea provides new clues about the lost history of an Indonesian shipwreck

在海底发现的800年之久的“中国制造”标签让一艘印尼沉船遗骸浮出历史的水面
 
 
 
An 800-year-old 'Made in China' label has revealed new clues about the lost history of a shipwreck and its cargo.
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一个800年历史之久的“中国制造”标签为我们提供了有关一艘沉船及其货物的历史的线索。
 
The mysterious ship sank in the Java Sea, off the coast of Indonesia, hundreds of years ago - but little is known about the vessel or its journey.

几百年前这艘神秘的船只在印尼海岸边的爪哇海沉没，但是人们对这艘船及其旅程知之甚少。
 
Its wooden hull had disintegrated over time, leaving only a treasure trove of cargo.

其木质船体已经分解，只剩下了里面的财宝货物。
 
The ship was carrying ceramics marked with an inscription that indicates they were made in Jianning Fu, a government district in China.

这艘船上的陶瓷货品的刻印表明他们生产于中国的建宁府。
 
Researchers have now used the label to date the shipwreck to a hundred years earlier than previously thought.

现在研究人员根据这些标签认为这首船比之前认为的还要古老100年。
 
They now believe the ship may have sunk late in 1200s and as early as 1162, although the circumstances still remain a mystery. 

现在他们认为这艘船可能沉没于13世纪末期，最早可能是1162年，尽管还不是很清楚。
 
The ship had been carrying thousands of ceramics and luxury goods for trade, and they remained on the ocean floor until the 1980s when the wreck was discovered by fishermen.

这些船携带着大量的陶瓷和奢侈品以进行贸易，这些货物一直沉睡在海床上，直到1980年代被渔民发现了残骸。
 
In the years since, archaeologists have been studying artifacts retrieved from the shipwreck to piece together where the ship was from and when it departed.
自那以后，考古学家就开始研究这艘货船上的手工艺品，希望从中了解这艘船来自哪里以及什么时候离开。
 
In a new study researchers describe the equivalent of a 'Made in China' label on a piece of pottery which has helped explain what happened to the ill-fated vessel. 

在新的研究中，研究人员在一个陶器上发现了类似于“中国制造”意思的标签。
 
Study lead author Doctor Lisa Niziolek, an archaeologist at the Field Museum in Chicago, said: 'Initial investigations in the 1990s dated the shipwreck to the mid- to late 13th Century, but we've found evidence that it's probably a century older than that.

这项研究的带头人、芝加哥自然历史博物馆考古学家Lisa Niziolek博士称：“90年代的初步调查认为这艘沉船可以追溯到13世纪中期，但是我们发现的证据表明可能还要再往前追随100年。
 
'Eight hundred years ago, someone put a label on these ceramics that essentially says "Made in China" - because of the particular place mentioned, we're able to date this shipwreck better.'

“800年前，人们在这些陶瓷上贴上了意思类似“中国制造”的标签，由于标签上有提到具体的地名，所以我们能更好的追溯这艘沉船。“
 
The ship was carrying ceramics marked with an inscription that might indicate they were made in Jianning Fu, a government district in China.

这艘船上的陶瓷货品的刻印表明他们生产于中国的建宁府。
 
But after the invasion of the Mongols around 1278, the area was reclassified as Jianning Lu.

但是在大约1278年的蒙古入侵后，这个地方改名为建宁路。
 
The slight change in name tipped Dr Niziolek and her colleagues off that the shipwreck may have occurred earlier than the late 1200s, and potentially as early as 1162.

这个名字上的些许变化让她和她的同时茅塞顿开，他们认为这艘沉船可能发生在13世纪末期之前，有可能早到1162年。
 
Dr Niziolek claims that after the Mongol colonisation, it is unlikely the ship was carrying old pottery with the outdated name.

她说在蒙古殖民后，这艘船不可能运输有着过时名字的老陶器。
 
She said: 'There were probably about a hundred thousand pieces of ceramics on-board.

她说：“船上大约有10万件陶瓷。”
 
'It seems unlikely a merchant would have paid to store those for long prior to shipment - they were probably made not long before the ship sank.'

“一个商人不可能在运输之前就花钱存储这么多陶瓷，可能是在船沉没不久之前制造出来的。”
 
The ship was also carrying elephant tusks for use in medicine or art and sweet-smelling resin for use in incense or for caulking ships.

这艘船还运输有象牙，用以药用或者雕刻，还有松香，用以制作香和补船。
 
Dr Niziolek said both the tusks and the resin were critical to re-dating the wreck.

她说象牙和松香在确定这条船的历史上起着重要作用。
 
Because both the resins and the tusks come from living things, the treasures could be radiocarbon dated.

因为松香和象牙都来自活物，可以通过放射性碳的方法来确定其历史。
 
This technique make use of the carbon present in all living things.

这项技术利用了存在于所有生物中的碳元素。
 
A type of carbon atom called C-14 is unstable and decays relatively steadily over time.

有一种碳原子叫做C14，这种元素不稳定，随着时间的推移会渐渐衰减。
 
Scientists can use the amount of C-14 in a sample to determine how old it is.

科学家可以通过测定C14的数量来知道该事物有多古老。
 
The analysis, known as radiocarbon dating, had originally been done decades ago and pointed to the shipwreck being about 700 to 750 years old. 

这个方法叫做放射性碳定年法，几十年就在这艘沉船上使用该方法了，结果认为它有700-750年历史。
 
But Dr Niziolek said analytical techniques have improved since then, and the scientists wanted to see if the date held.

但是Niziolek博士称分析技术自那以后得到了提升，科学家想再次确认一下是不是还是那个结果。
 
The amount of decayed carbon found in the resins and tusks revealed that the cargo was older than previously thought.

对松香和象牙进行测定后显示这批货物比之前认为的要古老。
 
Researchers brought all these clues together and concluded that the shipwreck was indeed older than previously thought -somewhere in the region of 800 years old.

研究人员将所有这些线索结合在一起得出结论称这个沉船比之前认为的要古老，大概有800年历史。
 
Dr Niziolek said: 'When we got the results back and learned that the resin and tusk samples were older than previously thought, we were excited.

她说：“当我们得到结果得知松香和象牙样品比之前认为的要古老，我们都很激动。”
 
'We had suspected that based on inscriptions on the ceramics and conversations with colleagues in China and Japan, and it was great to have all these different types of data coming together to support it.'

“我们之所以有这种猜测是因为我们看到了陶瓷上的说明文字而且还和中日的同事进行了交流，很高兴我们的想法得到了不同类别数据的支持。“
 
She said the fact that the shipwreck happened 800 years ago instead of 700 years ago is a big deal for archaeologists.

她说这艘沉船发生在800年前而不是700年前对于考古学家来说意义非凡。
 
'This was a time when Chinese merchants became more active in maritime trade, more reliant upon oversea routes than on the overland Silk Road,' Dr Niziolek continued.

“那个时期，中国商人开始在海上贸易方面变得更加活跃，更加依赖海上商路而不是陆地丝路，”她说。
 
'The shipwreck occurred at a time of important transition.'

“这首沉船发生在重要转折时期。“
 
She added: 'The salvage company Pacific Sea Resources recovered these artefacts in the 1990s, and they donated them to the Field Museum for education and research.

她说：“打捞公司在1990年代打捞了这些工艺品，然后捐给芝加哥自然历史博物馆作教育和研究之用。
 
'It's really great that we're able to use new technology to re-examine really old materials. These collections have a lot of stories to tell and should not be entirely discounted.'

“很高兴我们能使用新技术来重新检验这些老古董。这批货物有很多故事要告诉人们，不应该被忽视。”
 
 
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Evil Plopppy, Blackpool, United Kingdom, 11 hours ago
Who says Chinese stuff, doesn't last!!!

谁说中国人造的东西不长久！！！
 
Big Digger Nick_, Nigertown, Niger, 11 hours ago
Wow they were churning out cheap cr app even back then.

哇，他们那个时候就开始大量生产廉价垃圾了。
 
Jinkster, New York, United States, 5 hours ago
There's a reason why high end Ceramics are call fine china. I don't blame you for not knowing since you're from Niger.

所以说高端的陶瓷在英文里就叫做fine china。你不知道这一点我不怪你，谁叫你来自尼日尔呢。
 
Raptor75, Chicago, United States, 10 hours ago
I'm thinking the boat was made in China as well, explains why it is at the bottom of the ocean.

我在想这艘船也是中国制造的吧，所以才沉下去了。
 
Hiddigeigei, Miami, United States, 8 hours ago
Gavin Menzies¿ book ¿1421: The Year China Discovered the World¿, asserts that the fleets of Chinese Admiral Zheng visited the Americas, and that the same fleet circumnavigated the globe.

加文孟席斯的《1421:中国发现世界》称中国郑和舰队访问美洲，这支舰队还环游了世界。
 
AdorabIeDepIorabIe, Texas, United States, 10 hours ago
Lol If it was made in China, that explains why it sank.

哈哈，如果是中国制造，也就是解释了沉船原因了。
 
Water Glass, Base Cydonia, Canada, 4 hours ago
Looks like cheap chinese crap from the past.

看起来像历史上的中国廉价垃圾产品。