中国对鱼鳔的疯狂导致两个物种濒临灭绝 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：氯化钠⊙▽⊙槑-审核者：雅丽山大------------



Affluent Chinese are putting two Mexican species at risk due to demand for dried swim bladders. But will this year’s Cites meeting on the wildlife trade force a crackdown? 

由于富有中国人对鱼鳔的需求，导致墨西哥的两个物种处于危险之中。但是今年的濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约会议上，会对这种行为进行打击吗？

Many would probably find the idea of consuming a fish’s swim bladder unappetizing. More still would be unwilling to part with ￡2,000 for such a bladder, otherwise known as a maw. But China’s demand for swim bladders from a giant Mexican fish – the totoaba – is not only putting it at risk, but also the world’s smallest porpoise, the vaquita (‘little cow’ in Spanish). Today, there are less than a hundred vaquitas in the world, and no one knows how many totoaba are left. Given the dire state of these two species, conservationists hope that the Cites international meeting in Geneva this week will take strong action.

或许很多人还觉得鱼漂应该难以下咽，很多人还不愿意话费两千英镑去吃一顿鱼漂，鱼鳔就是鱼的胃。但是中国对于一种巨大的墨西哥鱼（石首鱼）鱼漂的需求，不仅仅是让这种鱼濒临灭绝，而且还有世界上最小的海豚，小头鼠海豚（西班牙语中叫“小奶牛”），至今世上仅存数百头小头鼠海豚，至于还剩余多少石首鱼则没人知道。让这两种物种陷入濒临灭绝的地步，自然资源保护论者希望这周在日内瓦召开的濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约会议做出一些大动作。

“The vaquita’s extinction clock stands at one minute to midnight and the species is being pushed into oblivion by the demand of a relatively small number of Chinese consumers of totoaba maw,” said Clare Perry, the team leader of theEnvironmental Investigation Agency’s (EIA) Oceans Campaign.
The EIA has just released a new report on the trade that finds totoaba swim bladders are still openly sold in Guangzhou and Hong Kong as well as online. The maws have been dubbed ‘aquatic cocaine’ due to prices that currently range from ￡1,750 to ￡6,500 – even after prices dropped 60-80% in the last two years, according to the EIA. 

小头鼠海豚灭绝的钟声已经敲响，这个物种因为一小部分中国石首鱼食客的需求被推向灭亡。“环境调查机构的海洋运动的领导人Clare Perry说。
环境调查署在新发布的一则报告中称石首鱼鱼鳔仍然公开在香港，广州以及网上售卖。这种鱼鳔被称为“水生可卡因”，因为现在的价格在1750到6500英镑之间——这还是过去两年价格下降60-80%后的结果，环境调查署称。

-------------译者：氯化钠⊙▽⊙槑-审核者：雅丽山大------------

 A dead vaquita, also known as a California Gulf porpoise, is seen in San Felipe in this picture taken from February 15, 1992. The vaquita, a tiny stubby-nosed porpoise found only in Mexico’s Sea of Cortez, is on the brink of extinction. 

图片里的死亡的小头鼠海豚，是1992年2月15日拍摄于圣费利佩。这种可爱的圆鼻子的海豚只有在墨西哥海湾的科尔特斯才能发现，已经快灭绝了。

Perry said that the swim bladders are largely bought by wealthy Chinese as “collection items or gifts” and even as financial investments.
Swim bladders are a special organ in some fish that controls their buoyancy like a ballast in a ship. Traditional Chinese medicine claim that swim bladders from the fish family, Sciaenidate (including totoaba), are curatives for variety of ailments. However, scientific research has yet to find any health benefits from consuming the gas-filled bladder.

佩里说这些鱼鳔大部分是中国有钱人购买，被用作收藏品或者是礼物甚至被当作金融投资。
鱼鳔是一些鱼特有的器官，像船的压载舱一样用于控制浮力。中医认为鱼鳔对于一些疾病有治愈效果，但现代科学还未发现鱼鳔的任何健康价值。

But what does the illegal trade in totoaba swim bladders have to do with vaquitas? Fishermen use gillnets to catch totoaba, which, unintentionally, entrap vaquita too. When caught, vaquitas suffocate and drown. In 1997, conservationists estimated a total population of 567 vaquitas. Last year, they only detected 97 individuals. The entire decline has been laid at the feet of gillnet fishing in the Gulf of California for shrimp, fish and shark – and increasingly totoaba.

但为什么非法交易石首鱼的鱼鳔会影响小偷鼠海豚呢？由于渔民利用刺网捕获石首鱼，同时也会莫名的捕获到小头鼠海豚。而这些被捕获的小头鼠海豚会因为被水淹没而窒息。1997年自然资源保护论者估计目前还剩下约567头小偷鼠海豚，去年，也只发现97头。这些数量的下滑主要归咎于加洲湾的捕鱼，捕虾和捕鲨以及不断增加的石首鱼刺网捕捉活动。

Totoaba maws openly on sale in Guangzhou, China 

石首鱼鱼鳔在广州公开售卖

 In this undated photo released by Proyecto Vaquita, children pose for a photograph next to a dead vaquita.

Proyecto Vaquita公开了这张没有日期的照片，孩子在死亡的小头鼠海豚旁边摆姿势拍照

Gillnets are the primary cause of vaquita deaths in the Upper Gulf of California, Mexico. 

刺网是造成墨西哥上加洲湾小头鼠海豚死亡的主要原因


-------------译者：Lonkzxc-审核者：雅丽山大------------

MiloMartinez 12 Jan 2016 00:51
So much for the great benefits of Traditional Chinese Medicine my woo friends praise all the time for being less invasive and harmful than actual medicine... just sad.

 传统中医的好处不过如此，我的朋友总是夸赞中医相比现代医学侵入性和伤害性更低……一个悲伤的故事……

crispybaconbutty 9m ago
The constant assault by China on wildlife worldwide really is despicable. It seems that if an animal is a bit odd looking, wealthy Chinese will buy it due a baseless idea about medicinal benefits. The economic boom in China has been a dream for con-artists. Find a strange animal, claim it cures cancer/increases sexual virility, spread that message and hey presto - a huge market for the unfortunate creature is created. The more endangered the better - smaller quantities to be shipped at a low cost, demanding a higher price. Bribe a few customs guys along the way and it's almost no risk, huge reward. If you're buying this stuff you're either cruel, gullible, or both.
 
 中国对全世界野生动物的伤害实在卑劣，好像只要一种动物长得奇怪了点，有钱的中国人就会因为毫无根据的医疗上的好处购买它。中国的经济爆发一直是骗子的聚宝盆啊。找到一种怪异的动物，宣称它能治疗癌症或者增强性能力，到处散布消息然后像变魔术般地一个关于这些可怜生物的巨大市场被创造出来了。越濒临灭绝的生物就越好，装上船的数量就越少而且费用低，能卖个更高的价钱。贿赂一点路上的海关人员而且这买卖几乎没有风险，有这巨大回报。如果你正在购买这些那么你同样残忍的或者说你被骗了。
 
Ian0044  crispybaconbutty 12 Jan 2016 00:51
What you should consider is to stop buying made in china stuff but this is impracticable as most things are made there. Including the little toy in a happy meal.

你应该考虑的是怎样停止购买中国货但这是不实际的，因为大多数东西都是在中国制造的。包括快乐儿童餐里面的小玩具。

-------------译者：MIT,go!-审核者：雅丽山大------------

vaman 13m ago
Dear China: Stick with rice and noodles and stop with all your weird eating habits that are harming the planet.

 坚持吃米饭和面条，并停止与所有你危害地球的奇怪的饮食习惯。

Ian0044  vaman 33s ago
Bigot. I am sure they would have something to say about us harming the planet too.

 偏执的人。我肯定他们也会反过来说我们也在伤害地球

Luftmensher 25m ago
How can a people that supposedly study all the time be so fucking stupid? I'm stumped. All I can deduce is that they must just suck inherently. Perhaps there's something in Chinese genes that renders them incapable of applying intelligence effectively.
China: shittiest place on Earth.
 
中国人学习那么努力可是为什么却如此愚蠢？我真是搞不懂。所以我能推测的就是他们的天性就是如此的糟糕。也许在中国的基因里存在着使他们无法有效地应用智力的东西。
中国：令人厌恶的地方。
 
ID7586903 30m ago
Who cares...let them go extinct

 无所谓。。让他们灭绝吧
 
garfield08 33m ago
This is a great case for learning from the Asians and using fakes. Flood the market with a massive amount of look alike fake products and bring the price so low that no-one will kill the real thing.

​在这方面我们就应该学习亚洲人使用假货。用大量看起来类似的假冒产品充斥市场，从而让价格变低，这样一来就没有人去杀害真正的东西了。

-------------译者：雅丽山大-审核者：雅丽山大------------

kasho 48m ago
Swim bladders, rhino horn, tiger bones, bears bile, monkey brains are all fair game to these unscrupulous individuals. So sad that there is no heart for life. There is no understanding of science either. No end to senseless greed. The only way is serous imprisonment and heavy fines, with better patrolling and an armed navy. Such lovely creatures have a place on earth. They have been here far longer than us.

鱼鳔，象牙，虎骨，熊胆汁，猴脑都是这些无耻之徒想要获得的东西。他们对生命没有一点点的怜悯之心，真是悲伤。他们也不懂科学。这种愚蠢的贪婪没有尽头。唯一的方法就是进行严厉的惩罚和重重的罚款，最好是派海军去巡逻。这些美丽的生物应该在地球上有自己的一席之地。他们在地球上的生存时间比我们人类更早。

newethics 1h ago
This is heartbreaking to read

看了叫人心痛。

-------------译者：雅丽山大-审核者：雅丽山大------------

Dannybald 2h ago
There is something seriously wrong with Chinese culture. They will consume anything no matter how endangered or in cases such as rhino horn, tiger penis, pangolin,bear bile.....of no health value at all.

中国文化真是存在着巨大的缺陷。不管多濒危的物种他们都要吃，比如犀牛角，虎鞭，穿山甲，熊胆汁等等，这些根本没有健康价值。
 
Luftmensher  Dannybald 22m ago
I would be very surprised if their isn't a market for human parts in their dipshit medicinal system.

如果他们那愚蠢的医疗系统中不存在人体器官市场的话，我会感到惊讶的。

-------------译者：雅丽山大-审核者：雅丽山大------------

siff 2h ago
China has pretty strict laws about all this, with prison sentences of up to ten years for eating rare animals. They are just not enforced. Enforcing laws is something that China is pretty hot on when it suits them. A few prosecutions of rich and powerful people would make a huge difference, as would a major publicity campaign. I have never heard of it happening though.

中国在这方面制定了相当严厉的法律，食用稀有动物最高可判处10年监禁。只不过这些法律没有被执行。中国只有在符合自己利益的情况下才会严格执行法律。处决一些富有和权势之人就可以产生很大的不同，开展大规模的宣传活动也能起到类似的效果。但是我从没听说过中国这么干的。

James Duncan  siff 2h ago
The rich and powerful are often CCP connected, and get to put pressure on the local police. Unsurprisingly, enforcement is not famed for focussing on them.

富有和权势之人通常都和TG相牵连，从而会对当地警方施加压力。所以要对这些人执行法律是有困难的。
 
Antonio De Vido 2h ago
If there are only a few hundred of anything left in the decline of a species, Just one fishing boat could do enough damage to finish the job. What is the answer? It can't be to declare large forests or sea areas off limits due to one species. The only answer is to pay the fishermen more not to fish then to kill the last few. SO the answer is some kind of welfare to make the former predators the new guardians.

如果一种物种只剩下几百只，那么一艘渔船就可以将他们灭绝。所以怎么办？不可能因为一个物种而禁止人们进入一大片森林或者海洋。所以唯一的办法就是向这些渔民支付更多的钱，从而让他们不要去杀死这最后的几百只。所以方法就是提供更多的激励，让捕猎者成为守卫者。