鱼翅：对于人类和鲨鱼来说都同样危险的美食 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：Sueyi-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Hong Kong’s shark fin trade is still robust, even given recent scares over unsafe mercury levels. But public attitudes towards consumption are slowly changing

尽管最近由于汞含量超标所带来的的恐慌，香港鱼翅贸易依然强劲。但是公众对于消费的态度正在缓慢的改变。

It’s early February two days before the Chinese New Year. I am in Hong Kong and there are shark fins everywhere, to suit all types of consumer. You can buy them in general food stores, pharmacies and fishing villages. You can buy small ones in plastic bags, multipacks or single large ones with festive red bows tied around them.

在中国新年i前二月初，我正在香港，为了满足消费者的各种需求，鱼翅售卖随处可见。你可以在一般的食品店、药店和渔村买到，各种包装，小塑料袋,合装包或单个的大包装，并且系着喜庆的红色蝴蝶。

The cartilage in the fins is usually shredded and used primarily to provide texture and thickening to shark fin soup, a traditional Chinese soup or broth dating back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279). The dish is considered a luxury item embodying notions of hospitality, status and good fortune.

鱼翅中的软骨通常被分解，让鱼翅汤变得更加浓稠有质感。这道传统的中国汤品可追溯到宋朝 (960-1279)。这道菜被认为是奢侈的消费，象征着热情好客，地位的象征和好运气。

 -------------译者：Sueyi-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



The origin of the dish can be traced to the Emperor Taizu of the Northern Song, who reigned from 960-976. It is said that he established shark fin soup to showcase his power, wealth and generosity. The dish’s popularity increased during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) as a result of an admiral of the imperial navy, Zheng He, who commanded expeditionary voyages around Asia and East Africa from 1405-1433, bringing back fins that fishermen had discarded. From this point onwards shark fin soup became an established dish and by the time of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) was in high demand.

这道菜源于北宋太祖皇帝960 - 976年在位时，据说为了展示自己的权力，财富和慷慨而创制。在明代 (1368-1644)由于帝国海军远洋，这道菜很快受到大众的欢迎和推广。 1405-1433年，海军将领郑和，带领海军远洋亚洲和非洲时，带回了很多被渔民丢弃的鱼鳍。自此开始，鱼翅汤成为了固定的菜品，并且在清朝 (1644-1912)需求量很大。



-------------译者：Sueyi-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The differences in attitudes of the public is encouraging, although a trader explained to me that his fin sales had increased by 90% over the Chinese New Year period, suggesting that this dish is still a long way from being relegated to history. Continued public awareness, effective legislation and ongoing scientific research remain essential to the future safeguarding of many shark species.

尽管曾一位商人告诉我，在春节期间，鱼翅销售增长了90%，这表明鱼翅退出历史舞台还有很长的路要走，但是大众对此态度的不同是令人鼓舞的。公众意识的不断提高，有效的司法保护措施以及持续不断的科学探索，对于将来对于鲨鱼物种的保护都是至关重要的。




-------------译者：shixindx-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

ndreTheBFG
"I would suspect that a majority, if not nearly all, fins encountered in the UK originate from managed fisheries, not unregulated fisheries" Technically true, but most sharkfin comes from bycatch in those fisheries, and while the target species may be well-regulated, the bycatch usually isn't. Even if bycatch species were all managed to international law of the sea standards, the convention sets lower standards for associated species, to do with avoiding "serious threats" to reproduction. This is a long way short of the standards required for target stocks, whose biomass has to be maintained at levels that maximise their productivity. 
AndreTheBFG
"There's a certain irony to your assertions. Dogfish, a small shark, are heavily consumed in the form of fish and chips in the UK" True. I wish people would stop talking about "sharks" as though they were part of a single homogeneous population of a single species. Dozens of shark species are caught, all with different conservation and fishery sustainability status. 

ndreTheBFG
我会怀疑，即使不是几乎全部，绝大多数在英国看到的鱼翅来自受管制的捕捞，而不是不规范的捕捞。但是大部分鱼翅是捕捞时的间接捕获，目标捕获鱼类是管理有方的，而间接捕获鱼类并非如此。纵使间接捕获都受到各种海洋国际法的管制，在避免给相关鱼类的繁殖带来严重威胁方面，这些法律设置的标准比较低。对于那些生物量水平需保持在能最大程度促进繁殖的物种，相关标准目前是缺乏的，这里有很长的路要走。
AndreTheBFG
你的结论中有比较讽刺的地方。狗鲨，这种小型鲨鱼，在英国的炸鱼和土豆条里被大量消费，这是事实。我希望人们停止讨论鲨鱼，当自己是某一物种里面的同质总体的一部分。即使有大量不同的保护法来保护渔业可持续发展的的状态，很多鲨鱼还是在被捕获。

-------------译者：chen30131-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

CitizenWise
Its sharks fin been used for all the Chinese celebratory periods they have to get around. I mean what is going to be left for their children to celebrate when the sharks are all gone, and the remaining balance of the fish in the seas are knocked completely out of kilter. 

他们不得不解决鱼翅被用于所有中国的节日庆祝期间的问题。我的意思是当鲨鱼都不见了时，海洋中其他鱼类的平衡会因此受到冲击而打破，那么留给他们后人用来庆祝节日的食物还会剩下什么呢。

gluck
That 'like' you got just now, the one that makes you think someone agrees with your pitiful ideology? That's from me. It's a pity 'like'. 

你刚才获得了一个“赞”，你认为有某些人同意你这个可鄙的想法么？  在我看来，这是一个可怜的”赞“。

TastySalmon
There's a certain irony to your assertions. Dogfish, a small shark, are heavily consumed in the form of fish and chips in the UK. How can you tell people that eating the filets of a shark is fine, but eating the fins of that very same animal is not fine? I would suspect that a majority, if not nearly all, fins encountered in the UK originate from managed fisheries, not unregulated fisheries targeting rare or species of concern. 

你的说法有一点讽刺。角鲨，一种小鲨鱼，在英国被作为鱼和薯片的一部分而大量的消耗。你怎么能说人们吃鲨鱼的鱼片是没有问题的，但是吃鲨鱼的鱼翅却不行？我怀疑绝大部分的鱼翅其实来源于受接管的渔业，而不是那些不受监管而以珍稀物种为目标的渔场。

 -------------译者：阳光灿烂的标叔-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

gluck
Ah just beautiful. Calls someone a "cretin", and is offended by "fuck" used in righteous anger. I'd say more, but you're doing such a phenomenal job of sabotaging yourself that I think I'll just smoke my cigarette and watch the fun from my corner. 

啊，说得漂亮啊。称别人为“蠢货”，却被正义的愤怒“艹”给冒犯了。我本想再说些什么的，但你的表面出卖了你的内心，我还是在角落里抽我的眼，静静看你装吧（闷声大发财）。

ThinkBike
You're obviously incapable of putting up an argument by using "expletives"; get back under your stone you cretin. 

明显你不能用“粗口”来形容一个论点；滚回到你的石头下面吧，蠢货。

isabel30
This x1000 

1000个赞。

gluck
You're the one who brought up cultural relativism, as if that excuses anything. I've had enough of this PC bullshit that somehow, we should respect barbaric practices because "it's in their culture". India had a terrible custom called sati (widow burning), and most parts of India still have the caste system and dowry. Would you refuse to condemn these clearly egregious practices just because "that's their culture"? Fuck that. Some things are objectively wrong, and we shouldn't be cowed into not calling people out for it just because they have a different culture. Shark fin soup is wrong. No two fucking ways about it. 

你就是想用文化相对论作为借口吧？！无论如何我受够了“键盘侠”的“我们应该尊重这种野蛮的习俗”，“因为这是他们的文化传统”。三哥家有个可怕的习俗叫做殉夫（烧死寡妇）；印度大部分地区还有种姓制度和高额嫁妆传统。你会拒绝谴责这些奇葩的制度，因为“这是他们的传统”吗？艹！有些事情客观上就是错的。我们不应该被恐吓就不指出来就因为他们是不同的文化。鱼翅汤就是不对，别无二话！

-------------译者：zergslaier-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

wildcrazygoats
"We in the West should keep our preservation sensitive noses out of Chinese customs and tradition" Dont be stupid - many Chinese food customs are totally barbaric : the torture of dogs in the Yulin festival (just killing them is not enough), the removal of paws from live bears , the inhuman tratment of bears to extract bile. The degree of needless cuelty is appalling to any reasonable person 

不要犯傻，我们西方人应该远离中国那些习俗和传统以保护我们敏感的神经。中国的饮食习惯完全是未开化的：在玉林狗肉节上虐杀狗（可不仅仅是把狗杀死），直接从活熊身上截取熊掌，用不人道的方式获取熊胆。这些非必需（措施）的凶残程度会震惊所有理智的人。

-------------译者：阳光灿烂的标叔-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Skinflint101
Concerning L. Smith's photo of the storeroom: Thanks for that clarification. It did seem to hold a variety of dried fish parts beyond the fins.

看到L.史密斯士多店的图片。感谢澄清。它确实有着许多鱼鳍以外的各种东西。

I can't recall ever seeing a butchered & dried shark fin, so was unsure until your comment. It seems there are plenty of substitutes for use in preparing banquet-centerpiece bouillabaisse (less prestigious of course), unless they keep on using the traditional name that translates as 'shark fin soup'.

即使看到屠宰或干的鱼翅我也分辨不出来，在你评论之前我也还不确认。似乎很多替代物用于制备宴会的主汤（当然声望没有那么大），除非他们继续用传统的名字“鱼翅汤”。

I once bought a small bag of frozen filets in an Oriental market (US), and when I thawed one to use in a seafood chowder I found that it had been dried before freezing, which resulted in a tedious & unsatisfactory task.

一次我在  Oriental market（山姆大叔家）买了一小袋鱼片，当我解冻一个来做海鲜杂烩汤的时候我发现它在冰冻之前已经干了。那成了一次郁闷和不满意的经历。

I don't have all day to prepare dried fish and threw the rest away the next time I took out the kitchen garbage bag. Fresh ingredients are much easier.

我没有一整天的时间去准备干的鱼然后把剩余的扔掉，下次我就直接拿出我的厨余垃圾袋。新鲜的食材更容易呢。

Nonetheless, the eight large bags of shark fin on that front shelf of storeroom's back wall probably weigh about 10 kilos altogether.
虽然如此，挂在士多店前壁上的八大块鱼翅加起来大约有十公斤吧。

And the price tag on one of the hammerhead shark fins in display case would be prohibitive for 90% of us. Not that I want even a small fin.

因为陈列中的大块鱼翅的标标价对我们的九成而言都太高了。我想要小一点的鱼翅。

I'm careful to limit myself to canned tuna only once or twice per month due to residual mercury. When cleaning salmon or steelhead trout I allow a cat to nibble meat at undercut of fins. 

我小心地限制自己一个月只开一个或两个吞拿鱼罐头因为我担心残留汞。  当清理鲑鱼和虹鳟的时候我允许喵星人咬点鱼翅下的肉。

-------------译者：阳光灿烂的标叔-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

ThinkBike
Two totally different cultures. Impossible to compare them. 

完全不同的两种文化。无法比较啊。

ID8869333
After your right ear there is just an air tunnel straight to your left ear. 

你是不是左耳进右耳出啊？！

Graham Buckingham
A good article but shark fin is a problem in the UK too. Right now there are over 30 restaurants in Britain serving shark fin soup. And a loophole in the law says that anyone travelling to Europe can legally 'smuggle' up to 20kg of shark fins through customs as part of the personal import allowance ruling. Of course Customs should seize your ham and cheese sandwich (meat and dairy products are banned for personal importation) but 20kg of shark fin is fine. Utter madness. Check out UK charity www.bite-back.com and its campaign to make Britain shark fin-free. 

好标题不过鱼翅在UK也是个问题呢。现在UK超过30个餐馆提供鱼翅汤。有个法律漏洞说任意到欧罗巴旅游的可以合法地带总计20KG鱼翅通过海关，作为个人进口津贴的一部分。当然海关会抓住你的汉堡和芝士三文治（肉和日常用品是禁止个人进口的），但20KG的鱼翅就没问题了。查下英国的慈善机构  www.bite-back.com
和它的英国无鱼翅活动。

-------------译者：阳光灿烂的标叔-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

gluck
I'd buy that argument if not for India, a nation that has seen even more starvation, and yet, refuses to indulge in such barbaric culinary practices. 

如果不是因为印度，我会赞同这种说法。印度的饥饿现象更加严重可是人家拒绝采用这种野蛮的烹饪手段。

gluck
I think I speak for everyone here when I say that the one thing which leapt out from your comment was the "bodyguard". Please elaborate.

我想我为这里每个人说话时，从你的评论中跳出的一件事就是“保镖”。请详细说明。

antimacassartechnolo
On my recent trip to Hong Kong to visit my extended family, we had a banquet dinner of 25. Out of us, only three of us refused shark fin soup (including me). Still, that's a start. 

最近一次回港探望我的数代同堂大家庭，我们25人聚餐。只有3个（包括我），拒绝鱼翅汤。万里长征第一步啊。

Kevin_Aud
Marine ecosystem, funny quote of the day. After drift net fishing there is just a desert. 

海洋生态系统，有趣的说法。流动网捕鱼后就是一片荒漠啦。

-------------译者：阳光灿烂的标叔-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

JamesValencia
Jason, comparison does not help. In a trial, an axe murderer wont get far with the argument "There are much worse murderes with rope! And with poisining, what about them?" The judge answers "Defence: what about ery. Send him down. Ten years without the option".

Jason，比较是没用的。法庭上，使用斧头的谋杀者不会远离这种论调的“有更坏的杀人犯，用绳子的、用毒药的，那怎么对付他们”，法官回答“抗议无效，送他下去，剥夺政治权利十年”

And secondly not that it's relevant, but there are many other campaigns involving animals and foodstuffs and traditional meadicines all over the world. So back to the topic: unless you want to face that judge there, explain why it is not right to put a stop to this shark finning practise, with it's disastrous consequences for the seas and for the fishermen. 

第二，不是相关的，全世界有很多其他运动牵涉到动物、食物和传统药物。所以，回到题干上除非你想面对法官，解释为什么不停止这种捞捕作业，用会对海洋和渔民造成灾难性后果的理由进行解释。

ID8869333
Imbecile. 
Where sharks are eliminated, the marine ecosystem loses its balance. http://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Predators_as_Prey_FINAL_FINAL1.pdf 

哪个地方鲨鱼灭绝了，那里的海洋环境就失衡了。链接：http://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Predators_as_Prey_FINAL_FINAL1.pdf

-------------译者：maggicqueen99-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Invert
Whaling is internationally illegal, and the Japanese don't only whale in their waters, but Australian waters and Antarctica. Japanese whaling in Australian waters is illegal. Also, I'm pretty sure its internationally illegal to kill and sell wild creatures that are considered endangered under CITES, and so any fins from sharks protected by CITES, will be illegal, even in China. But, you don't just need regulation to stop sharks going *extinct* but you need regulation to help keep sharks at a healthy population level, because they (as most predators) are a vital part of the ocean ecosystem. Dwindling shark populations are causing problems already. But I agree, sports hunting in the UK is really bad. We ship in loads of battery farmed pheasants from the EU, make shooting moors to shove them all on, kill hundreds of thousands of birds, and 'protect' the practice by killing (illegaly) Hen Harriers and Mountain Hares. Not to mention all the 'culling' of foxes and rabbits. 

捕鲸在全球范围内都是非法的，日本人不仅仅在他们自己的水域捕鲸，还在澳洲和南极的水域捕鲸。日本人在澳洲水域捕鲸是非法的。我也很确信在华盛顿公约（《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》）的框架下，在全球范围内捕杀和销售公约认定的濒危野生动物是非法的，所以即使在中国，受到华盛顿公约保护的鲨鱼的鱼翅也将被视为非法。但是，你 不仅需要法规阻止鲨鱼渐渐灭绝，你也需要制定法规使得鲨鱼能维持一个正常的数量，因为它们和绝大部分捕食者一样，是海洋生态系统的一个关键组成部分。鲨鱼数量减少已经带来了问题。不过我同意，英国的狩猎运动真的很糟糕。我们从欧盟运来大批人工养殖的雉，把它们赶到荒野上猎杀，杀死了成千上万的鸟类，并且通过（非法地）杀死白尾鹞和雪兔来“保护”这种做法。更别提“淘汰”狐狸和野兔了。

 -------------译者：檀木梳子-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Kevin_Aud
The less sharks the better. 

鲨鱼越少越好。

ID8869333
This stems from years of starvation that the Chinese regularly experienced through wars from invading countries and even their own leaders at times. The Chinese preserve the above basic rules as a reminder of what previous generations had to endure. oh, that makes China's contribution to wiping out certain species, not only sharks, and some of them endangered - totally OK. Never heard more ignorant excuse. 

这源于因为中国过去经常经历其他国家所带来的侵略战争以及有时也是他们自己的领导人所带来的常年饥饿。中国人保留上述的基本规则以提醒自己先辈所遭受的苦难。所以中国让物种灭绝的做法就是可以接受的了。从来没有听过比这更无知的借口了。

MegaMugs
I just want to ask when is human beings going to stop bullying of other species for our own foolish beliefs. 

我只是想问什么时候人类开始停止为了自己愚蠢的信念而去伤害其他物种。

-------------译者：zergslaier-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

GenEntitlement
Shark Fin "Porridge"! some people prefer to use fosil fuel, some prefer renewable;
some eat only vegetable, some eat even their dogs;
some think Jaws are innocent & worth protecting, some prefer to kill and eat their fins! u keep using your fosil fuel to kill the world,
and I'll keep killing the Jaws for their valuable delicious Fins!
Fair?! 

鱼翅的“粥”！有些人喜欢用化石燃料，有些人喜欢可再生能源；有些人只吃蔬菜，而有些人甚至会吃掉他们的狗；有些人认为大白鲨是无辜和需要保护的，有些人却喜欢杀掉它们去吃鱼翅。你们就继续使用化石燃料去污染这个世界，我也继续捕猎鲨鱼给它们提供鱼翅。公平吧！？

Mauricey
Shark fin soup... those idiots 

鱼翅汤。。。那些白痴！