斯坦·李:蜘蛛侠、x战警和复仇者联盟的创造者去世，享年95岁 [英国媒体]

Stan Lee: Spider-Man, X-Men and Avengers creator dies aged 95

斯坦·李:蜘蛛侠、x战警和复仇者联盟的创造者去世，享年95岁

Almost as famous as his Marvel superheroes, Lee was known for bringing complex emotional life to cartoon characters

以给卡通人物撰写复杂情感生活而闻名的斯坦李几乎和他笔下漫威超级英雄一样出名。



The comic writer Stan Lee, co-creator of iconic characters including Iron Man, the Fantastic Four, Spider-Man, Daredevil and the X-Men, has died aged 95.

漫画家斯坦李，《钢铁侠》、《神奇四侠》、《蜘蛛侠》、《超胆侠》和《x战警》等经典角色的共同创造者去世，享年95岁。

Lee, who teamed up with artists such as Jack Kirby and Steve Ditko, revitalised the comics industry with his superheroes, giving them complex emotional lives to colour their all-action adventures.

与杰克·柯比和史蒂夫·迪特科等艺术家合作的斯坦李，用他的超级英雄重振了漫画行业，赋予他们复杂情感生活的同时也丰富了他们的冒险经历。



At 17, Lee landed a job at a publishing company owned by his relative Martin Goodman, and began writing scripts for superhero and mystery comics. When Goodman fell out with his editor in 1941, Lee found himself editor-in-chief at just 19.

17岁时，李斯坦在他的亲戚马丁·古德曼旗下的一家出版公司找到了一份工作，并开始为超级英雄漫画和推理漫画撰写剧本。当古德曼在1941年与编辑闹翻时，斯坦李发现自己年仅19岁就成了总编。

Apart from a brief stint writing copy for the army during the second world war, Lee spent the next 20 years giving voice to a succession of caped crusaders, cowboys and cops. But as the 60s dawned, the formula was starting to wear thin.

除了在第二次世界大战期间为军队写过一些短暂的文案外，斯坦李在接下来20年里一直在为一系列斗篷十字军战士、牛仔和警察配音。但随着60年代到来，这份职业开始变得越来越难以为继。

What happened next is the subject of some dispute. According to Lee, Goodman noticed that a rival comic featuring a team of superheroes was selling well and asked him to come up with another. Writing in 1974, Lee recalled wanting to do “something different – something special”. This was “what the marketplace required”, he continued. “But it would be a team such as comicdom had never known … they’d be fallible and feisty and, most important of all, inside their colourful, costumed booties they’d still have feet of clay.” He wrote a detailed first synopsis for the artist Jack Kirby to follow, “and the rest is history”.

接下来发生的事有一些争议。据斯坦李说，古德曼注意到一个超级英雄漫画竞争对手的作品卖得很好，他让斯坦李也写一部类似的。在1974年一篇文章中，斯坦李回忆说他想做“不同的事情——一些与众不同的事情”。这必须满足“市场需要”，他继续说道。“但像comicdom这样的团队从来都不理解这点……他们容易犯错，焦躁，最重要的是在他们穿着五颜六色戏服的超级英雄角色里，还有很多致命弱点。”他为艺术家杰克·柯比写的一篇详尽概要的如此说道，“以下就是历史了”。



After spending more than three decades writing scripts every day, Lee took on a new role as publisher of Marvel Comics in 1972. Setting his sights on the wider world, he took Marvel characters into newspaper strips, published a series of books recounting his version of Marvel’s early years and teamed up with Kirby for the last time in 1978 to produce a graphic novel featuring the Silver Surfer. Lee relished his role as the company’s public face, becoming a fixture on the convention scene as the wisecracking, grand old man of the comics industry.

在30多年每天写剧本之后，斯坦李在1972年担任了漫威出版商。他将目光投向更广阔的世界，计划将漫威漫画搬上报纸连载，并出版了一系列讲述漫威早期故事的书。他还在1978年最后一次与柯比合作创作了一部以银影侠为主角的漫画小说。斯坦李很享受自己作为公司对外公众形象的角色，他成为了公司年度总结会议上一个固定的角色，在漫画行业中扮演一个俏皮话连篇的老人。

In 1980, he moved to Los Angeles, hoping to launch his creations into TV and film. Over the next two decades, while Lee struggled to get projects off the ground, cinematic superheroes remained in thrall to rival comics powerhouse DC, with a string of adaptations featuring Superman and Batman finding favour at the box office.

1980年，他搬到洛杉矶希望将自己的创作品搬上电视和电影屏幕。在接下来20年里，尽管斯坦李努力让电影项目落地，但电影中的超级英雄们仍然受制于竞争对手——漫画巨头DC。DC的一系列以超人和蝙蝠侠为主角的改编电影在票房上大受欢迎。



“The hardest part is getting enough people to draw ’em all,” he said. “You know what it’s like? I can’t play a musical instrument to save my life. I’ll ask, say, a guitarist friend how he plays a melody with one hand and chords with the other when he’s only got one brain. He’ll say: ‘Stan, I don’t even think about it, I’ve done it all my life, it’s what I do.’ Well, it’s the same with me. Writing stories is what I do. I think about it, but it’s no problem. I’ve just gotta get the time to do it.”

他说:“最困难的是要吸引足够多的人来把它们都画出来。”“你知道那是什么感觉吗?”我不能用乐器来传达我的创意，拯救我的生命。我会询问，告知一个吉他手朋友，当他只有一个大脑的时候该如何用一只手弹奏旋律用另一只手弹奏和弦。他会说:‘李，我从没这么想过，我这辈子都是这么做的，我只会这么做。’ “嗯，我也是。写故事也是我的工作。我想了想，这么说没有问题。我只是需要时间去做"