古希腊人“可能启发了中国的兵马俑” [英国媒体]

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：小小小丶晓伟------------

rchaeologists say design of clay warriors suggests close contact between east and west 1500 years before Marco Polo

考古专家说，兵马俑的的设计表明，东西方的交流早在马可波罗之前的1500年。



Greek craft workers may have helped inspire the most famous Chinese sculptures ever made – the 8000 warriors of the Terracotta Army who have been watching over the tomb of the first emperor of China for more than 2000 years.

希腊的手办达人可能帮助制作了这个2000多年中国第一个皇帝陵墓的8000个兵马俑。

Archaeologists and historians working on the warriors say they now believe that the figures’ startlingly lifelike appearance could have been influenced by the arrival in China of ancient Greek sculptures and even that Greek sculptors made their way there to teach their designs.

研究兵马俑的考古学家和历史学家现在认为数量庞大和逼真的外观可能受到古希腊雕塑的影响，也许是古希腊雕塑家帮助他们设计的。

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Li Xiuzhen a senior archaeologist at the site said recent discoveries including that of ancient European DNA recovered from sites in Xinjian province from the time of the first emperor were overturning traditional thinking about the level of contact between Asia and Europe more than 1500 years before the travels of Marco Polo.

一名在现场勘察的高级考古学家李秀珍说最近的发现包括在新疆的秦始皇时期遗址的古代欧洲人DNA的发现推翻了我们原来的想法，在马可波罗到访中国之前的1500多年前，亚洲和欧洲之间的交流水平超过了我们原来的想象。

“We now have evidence that close contact existed between the first emperor’s China and the west before the formal opening of the Silk Road. This is far earlier than we formerly thought” she said. “We now think the Terracotta Army the acrobats and the bronze sculptures found on site have been inspired by ancient Greek sculptures and art.”

“我们现在有证据表明，在丝绸之路正式开启之前，中国第一位皇帝和西方之间有密切的联系。 这远远早于我们以前的想法“她说。 “我们现在认为兵马俑里的杂技演员和现场发现的青铜雕塑受到古希腊雕塑和艺术的启发。

Lukas Nickel chair of Asian art history at Vienna University and one of the team working on the history of the figures said: “I imagine that a Greek sculptor may have been at the site to train the locals.”

在维也纳大学教授亚洲艺术史的Lukas Nickel带领团队研究青铜历史，他说“我能想象当时有一名希腊雕刻家在现场帮忙培训当地人。”

The new discoveries will be outlined in a documentary, The Greatest Tomb on Earth, jointly made by the BBC and National Geographic, which will be shown onBBC Two on 16 October.

新的发现将在一个纪录片中提及。BBC和国家地理杂志联合制作了这个纪律片，《地球上最伟大的陵墓》，将于10月16号在BBC2台播放。


-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

lfredHerring 34m ago
So like maybe the center of human civ back then included both east and west in the same political economy with the center in Tibet or Kazakhstan? thank god for the longboat eh? you lutefisk eating outlander you...

所以像是人类文明的中心则包括东、西两个在相同的政治经济中心在西藏或哈萨克斯坦？感谢上帝？你吃你的鲱鱼罐头去吧..

Philip Leung 3h ago
I think it's a theory worth considering but I'm curious why Sima Qian doesn't make note of these foreigners in his descxtion of the tomb (his descxtion was not believed by many until the discovery of the Terracotta warriors).

我认为这是一个值得考虑的理论，但我很好奇为什么司马迁在描写这个陵墓时没有提及外国人（司马迁的记载许多人都不相信，直到发现兵马俑）。
The Chinese were probably the best record keepers in history and many types of foreigners were described in some of the earliest classics but I haven't read anything about Greeks or people that can be lixed to them described in the classics.

中国人可能是历史上最好的文献记录者，许多类型的外国人被描述在一些最早的古典文章，但是在这些古典文章里我还没发现希腊人或者与希腊人有联系的人的踪影。

Gordomania 4h ago
A lot of nonsense being written below the lines as ever.

尽说一些胡言乱语。

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

yftiger19810627 4h ago
In the contrary i think maybe the craft man in qin dynasty helped the ancient Greek craft man to create their sculpture because we can see some traits in ancient Greek terracotta sculpture have chinese style.

相反，我认为也许在秦朝的手艺人帮助古希腊工匠创造雕塑，因为我们可以看到古希腊赤陶雕塑的某些特征具有中国风格。

oldgit47 4h ago
Yes it was possible that the Terracotta Army could have been influenced by the arrival in China of ancient Greek sculptures or even that Greek sculptors made their way there to teach their craft after all there's no evidence to say they didn't. But while that's all it must remain until more evidence comes to light a possibility but one that cannot be dismissed out of hand.

是的，兵马俑是可能收到了抵达中国的古希腊雕塑的影响，或者古希腊雕刻家来到中国传授技艺，毕竟没有证据表明这不是真的。话虽如此，但是我们需要更多的证据来证明，这是一个不能被立刻排除的可能性。

There is growing evidence that people have travelled the world for far longer than once thought once thought the phrase much used today by archaeologists as science trashes the assumptions of the past which were once put forward as fact.

越来越多的证据表明人类的远行历史比我们原本想象的还要久远，如今考古学家用科学来践踏对于过去的假设，而这些假设曾几何时被当成了事实。

David Hoffman 4h ago
Europeans should be thankful for Chinese. Virtually Chinese inventions and discoveries formed a fundamentally of West technological culture brought by either the invasion of Mongolians or trade routes.

欧洲人应该感谢中国人。中国的发明和发现几乎构成了西方技术文化的基础，不是通过蒙古入侵而来就是贸易路线而传播到西方。

Chinese invented many of the things we use today e.g. explosive iron steel glass machinery discovery of magnetism domestication of chickens cows & pigs ice cream soccer and many others.

中国人发明了许多我们今天使用的东西，例如：火药 铁 钢 玻璃 机械装置 磁场的发现 驯化的鸡、牛、猪、冰淇淋、足球和许多其他的发现。

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

thirdknee  David Hoffman 1h ago
Wooooooooooo! soccer ? You're just messing right ?

wooooooooooo 我曹 ！足球？你觉得可能吗？（我也觉得就国足这......）

Ding Chuan Teik 4h ago
Anyone wants work in planet Abc123? I heard human-like creatures there are looking to employ noodle makers and they pay very well. Sorry I don't have much else details.

有人想在ABC123星球找工作吗。我听说那里的人形生物正在招聘面条工人，而且待遇很好。抱歉，我没有更多细节了。

DiDi Wu 4h ago
LMAO. The idea may seem sounds to westerners who does not know the Chinese kings were already burying massive number of statues and figures (abeit these were small statues) long before Greek was created.

笑死我了。这听起来似乎西方人不知道中国国王早在希腊创建之前就在墓葬里有大量小雕像。

HerrPrincip  DiDi Wu 4h ago
This is undoubtedly true but none of them seem to possess the Renaissance-like classical almost magical realism of the terra cota warriors which were probably modeled after a foreign template (I am not dissing the Chinese artists' creativity just saying that the terra cota warriors stand in pretty stark contrast with other works of Chinese art at the time and stick out like a sore thumb). The only candidates for such foreign influence at the time could only have been Ancient Greece Persia or Egypt although ancient HIndu influences cannot be fully and completely excluded. I think we can comfortably exclude both Persia and Egypt as the mannerisms inherent in their art are visibly absent from the terra cota warriors.

楼上的你说的没错，但是你所指的那些小雕像和具有文艺复兴古典及魔幻现实主义风格的兵马俑完全不同，这些兵马俑可能是通过外国模板塑造出来的（我并不是贬低中国艺术家的创造力，只是觉得兵马俑和当时的其他中国艺术品不太一样，所以特别的引人注目）。当时能对中国产生这种影响的可能有古希腊，波斯或者埃及，尽管古印度的影响不能被完全排除。我觉得我们可以排除波斯和埃及，因为他们艺术作品中固有的矫揉造作显然不存在于兵马俑中。

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

David Hoffman  HerrPrincip 2h ago
Ancient Chinese viewed all outsiders as uncivilized crude barbarians almost subhuman. I highly doubt they would hire anyone or respect any ideas from outside.

中国古代视所有外国人都是蛮夷。我非常怀疑他们会聘请任何人外国人或尊重外国人的任何想法。

According to the director of the Terracotta Army Museum not this Chinese researcher Li Xiuzhen working for some company/school in London he said in the ancient scxt written the emperor hired master craftsmen from every part China at that time to make life-size figurants to accompany and protect him in the underworld. He wouldn't feel safe with the small ones. So he wanted them to make the real size ones. The scxt didn't mention they hired foreigner "barbarian." So this exluded the possibility of hiring foreigners.

根据秦始皇兵马俑博物馆馆长而不是根据这个为伦敦的某个企业/学校工作的李秀珍的说法，他说根据古籍记载，秦始皇聘请了来自中国各地的大师级工匠，建造和真人大小的兵马俑在阴间保护他。他觉的小的不安全，所以让他们做成真人大小，史料并没有提及他们雇佣外国“蛮夷”。 所以这排除了雇用外国人的可能性。

I will imagine the emperor's craftsmen must be very skillful. Also The director said every figurants they uncovered has its own unique physical features such as ears mouth arms etc... This is different from Greek.

我能想象皇帝聘请的这些工匠都技艺高超。这位馆长还说他们所出土的兵马俑都具有独特的外貌特征，比如耳朵，嘴巴和手臂等等。不同于希腊。

Flatulentus  David Hoffman 2h ago
Is that not a bit racist to view foreigners as barbarians? And what if those foreigners then develop interesting technology would the Chinese just ignore it and risk the use of the foreigners being able to use it against them? That would be naive.

把外国人看成是野蛮人不是一个种族主义者吗？ 如果那些外国人开发有趣的技术，中国人会忽略它，冒着使用外国人的风险吗？ 这真是naive.

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

David Hoffman 4h ago
Xian to Xinjian is around 1600 miles and it is separated by a big desert Gobi virtually impassibly. If that is easily Europeans now might have coexist with Chinese in China today.

西安到新疆大约是1600英里，它是由一个大沙漠，戈壁滩将其分离的，想到达那里根本不可能。如果欧洲人那么容易过去，那么很可能今天欧洲人和中国人共同生活在中国。

Just some European DNA discoveries in Xinjian at that period doesn't mean there is a lix to Xian unless some European DNA is also discovered at the Xian site. I mean if East Asian DNA found in Europe doesn't it mean Chinese found European civilization. Xinjian is far away from Xian.

就因为在新疆发现了那个时期的欧洲人DNA并不意味着和西安有关联，除非在西安也发现了欧洲人的DNA。我的意思是说如果在欧洲发现了东亚人的DNA，这也不意味着中国人发现了欧洲文明。 新疆距离西安很远。

HerrPrincip 4h ago
Imagine this! A positive synergy of two major world civilization to which Anglo-Saxons-Normans-Vikings-Celts-Picts-Druids contributed absolutely nothing.
It can't be. It must be a typo. Cecil Rhodes must be rolling in his grave :-)))

想象一下！ 两个主要的世界文明的积极协同作用，盎格鲁 - 撒克逊 - 诺曼 - 维京人 - 凯尔特 - 皮克特 - 德鲁伊斯绝对没有贡献。
根本不可能能。 它必须是拼写错误。 塞西尔·罗德斯必须在他的坟墓蹦迪:-)）））

vegremuse 5h ago
You would think this Greek artisan working on the world's biggest sculpture project would write home and tell his family or friends about it. Where are those letters or anything that's written about this man from Greece. DNA only place him in the area but does not tell what he does. Nice try!!!!

你可能会认为这个希腊工匠的工作在世界上最大的雕塑项目中（指兵马俑）会写信告诉他的家人或朋友谈论它。那么这些希腊工匠所写的书信在哪里。DNA只告诉我们他在哪，但不会告诉我们他在干什么。不错的尝试！！！！

-------------译者：小小小丶晓伟-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

HerrPrincip  vegremuse 4h ago
You would think that this Greek artisan preferred to die and be buried in China rather than relive another 8000 km horseback ride through the Gobi desert.

你可能会认为，这个希腊工匠宁愿死亡并被埋葬在中国而不是重温那个8000公里骑马穿越戈壁滩沙漠。

David Hoffman  HerrPrincip 4h ago
You and the horse will die of thirst. Gobi desert is huge. No horses will survive for such long travel.

你和马会渴死。戈壁滩沙漠是巨大的。这么长的旅途，没有马能活下来。

HerrPrincip  David Hoffman 4h ago
What if I ride on the horse's ass like...Hillary?

万一我骑的马的屁股像...希拉里？

StephenChin 5h ago
The Chinese do not need westerners to teach them anything. Marco Polo brought home noodles (spaghetti) when he returned to Italy. The Chinese invented printing centuries before the west. Their ceramic masterpieces are priceless found in the world's museums. They invented gun powder long before the west. They were clad in silk robes when the west were wearing animal skins. Their calligraphy contain priceless works of art The have every reason to name their country The Middle Kingdom (the center of the world). They are the most resilient people on earth. Today the Dragon is awakening from a long sleep.

中国人不需要西方人教他们什么。当他回到意大利时，马可波罗带了面条（意大利面）。中国人发明了印刷术，比西方早了几个世纪。他们的陶瓷杰作在世界上的博物馆里是无价的。他们在西方很久以前就发明了火药。当西方穿着动物皮的时候，他们穿着丝绸长袍。他们的书法包含无价的艺术作品，他们绝对有理由命名自己的国家为“中央王国”（世界的中心）。他们是地球最有弹性的人。今天，龙从沉睡中苏醒。