提问朝鲜女性：女性在社会上被平等对待吗？ [英国媒体]

Ask a North Korean: are women treatedequally in your society?

向朝鲜女性提问：女性在社会上被平等对待吗？



in an ongoing series, NK News poses areader’s question to a North Korean defector. This week’s is about genderequality – or the lack thereof

在一个正在制作的系列中，纽约新闻向一位朝鲜叛变者提出了一个读者的问题。本周，主题是男女平等，或者说是缺乏。

Shuang Lin in China asks:

来自中国的读者林爽问：

Generally, do you feel that there is genderequality in North Korea society? Do women face serious discrimination?

通常来说，你感觉朝鲜社会男女平等吗？女性是不是面临严重歧视？（译者：这是中国读者发邮件问的哟，具体邮件地址可以去NY news找）

North Korea is highly patriarchal. Forexample, women are advised not to visit to other houses on 1 January as it isconsidered bad luck. It is also bad luck for a shop if the first customer ofthe day is female. In the past, women faced criticism if their husbands wereseen in the kitchen, though things might have gotten slightly better thesedays.

朝鲜非常的重男轻女。比如，一个女人被建议不要在1月1日去别人家，因为那被视作不吉利。如果商店的第一位客人是女性也是不吉利的。在过去，如果丈夫在厨房被看见，女人会受到谴责，虽然现在可能情况好多了。

North Korean men are expected to go to workearly every morning, even if they don’t get paid. It is thought to beappropriate and ideal that men obey this policy of the Workers’ Party of Korea(WPK), even if the family has nothing to eat.

朝鲜男人被要求每天很早去上班，虽然他们没有工资。即使家里人填不饱肚子，男人们遵从劳动党的这项政策还是被看做适当和理想的。

Therefore women, and not men, are expectedto take care of everything that happens within the house. No matter how hard itis to make a living, the only duty men are expected to perform at home is toban family members from doing anything against the policies of the WPK.

因此，女人，而不是男人，被要求照看家里发生的一切事。无论谋生是多么艰难，男人们在家的唯一职责就是禁止家庭成员干违反劳动党政策的事。

In other words, it is thought that the roleof men is to teach their wives and children so that they will not do anythingthat interferes with party ideology, even if they’re on the verge of starvingto death. This is often reflected in divorce cases. If a husband or wife doesanything contrary to party ideology, even to make a living, this is consideredgrounds for divorce.

换句话说，男人的角色就是教导他们的妻子和孩子不要干任何违背党的思想的事情，即使他们在饿死的边缘上。这经常体现在离婚案件中，如果一个丈夫或者妻子做了任何违背党的思想路线的事，甚至是为了生存，这也被看做是离婚的正当理由。

Also, a WPK membership card is somethingyou don’t show, even to your spouse, because party ideology is considered farmore important than the affection between husband and wife. Men are expected tobe able to maintain a distinction between their public and personal lives.Women shouldn’t want to know about the things happening to their men out ofhouse.

同样，劳动党党员也不能亮出他们的党员证，甚至对配偶也不行。因为党的思想是远远高于夫妻感情的。男人们被要求保持公共生活和个人生活的分开，女人们不应该知道男人发生在家外面的事。

And if husbands are violent towards theirwives the government doesn’t interfere, leaving women to bear the consequencesalone. In my hometown, I’d say domestic violence occurred on a daily basis inthree out of 10 households, and less often in others.

如果一个丈夫对妻子家暴，政府不会干涉，留下妻子独自承受后果。在我的家乡，每天在十个家庭里面有3个会发生家暴，其他家庭的频率低一些。

‘Hard-working heroines’

“劳模”

North Korea was officially pushing for andencouraging gender equality before South Korea, but this wasn’t for the good ofwomen. When China and North Korea officially campaigned for gender equality, itwasn’t done to free women from the patriarchy: the motive was to encouragewomen to go to work to re-build the economy after the Korean War.

朝鲜在韩国之前就正式推动和鼓励男女平等。当中国和韩国正式的为男女平等奔走呼号时，朝鲜的目的不是为了从重男轻女中解放女性：而是鼓励女性在朝鲜战争后去工作以重建经济。

Actually, women played a large role in thisrebuilding. The government bestowed awards for working women who achieved greatthings, labeling them “hard-working heroines” to encourage more women to workharder.

事实上，女性在经济重建中扮演了重要角色。政府为在工作中做出重大贡献的女性赋予：“劳动女模范”的称号，号召其他女性更加努力的工作。

But when things got better in the 1950s and60s, when the North Korean economy was outperforming that of South Korea, theydidn’t need the women’s labour force anymore, so they stopped encouraging womenin the workplace.

但是，到了20世纪50,60年代情形变得越来越好的时候，朝鲜经济超过了韩国，他们不再需要女性劳动力，所以不再鼓励女性外出工作。

Gender equality and women’s role in societywere considered important when women were needed but not when the need passed.In North Korean society, when women do a good job at cooking, cleaning andother housework or when they bring home money from selling goods at the marketthey are highly praised.

女性在被需要的时候，男女平等和女性在社会中的作用被认为是很重要的，但是当不再需要的时候，女性就被忽略了。在朝鲜社会，当女性的烹饪，打扫和其他家务活很棒，或者能够在市场上出售商品补贴家用，她会受到很高的赞扬。

But when a woman breaks the glass ceilingto get a highly respected job or becomes a high-ranking party member, peoplequote the old Korean saying: “It goes ill with the house when the hen sings andthe cock is silent.”

但是当女性打破玻璃天窗，获得颇受尊敬的工作或者成为高级党员时，人们就会套用朝鲜谚语：“当一只母鸡歌唱而公鸡沉默时，家里就生病了”。



SquidwardTenticles LaSi
14 Feb 201518:00
One could add 'corporate state' to thatlist. For example, it has always struck me how the way the formal dress andhairstyle codes of North Korea are enforced pretty much mirrors the way dressand hairstyle codes are enforced in the typical western business school!

可以添加到“国有企业”名单了。例如，我总是感到吃惊的是朝鲜的服装和发型是如何被强制执行的，正如服装和发型在商学院被强制执行一样

ABitRightWing SquidwardTenticles
14 Feb 201518:05
I agree with you on that.
Many years ago I knew a young talentedsoftware developer who was going places.
He was discreetly told to get a hair cut ifhe wanted a promotion. That was the UK in the 1980's when apparently we wereall 'free'.

我同意你的说法
很多年前，我认识一名在工作的年轻软件开发者
他被私下告知，如果想升职的话，必须去剪头发，那是英国的80年代。
一个显然我们都“自由”的时代。

SquidwardTenticles Minion
14 Feb 201517:41
I would say that violence inflicted byindividuals on other individuals, even if the state should be doing more tostep in, is rather a different issue to direct discrimination mandated by thestate itself.
I am not arguing that there are many thingsabout life in North Korea that disadvantage women, but I do wonder if all ofthese put together could be seen as even balancing the requirement to do 10-13years military service, which I have little doubt is pretty close to hell formany of those men who are forced to endure it.

我想说一个人对其他人使用暴力，国家应该更多的涉入，而不是国家自身对这些问题采取直接歧视的制度。
我不是说这里有很多对女性不利的事，但是我想知道如果所有的这些不利集合到一块是否会平衡，甚至要求服役10-13年，我毫不怀疑这些被迫忍受的男人们无比接近地狱。

WeHappyFew
15 Feb 20150:17
Using women from another country, anotherculture to point to "inequality" felt by the writer in her own head.
I haven't seen this tactic used sinceyesterday.

用一个从另外一种文化，另外一个国家的女性来点明作者脑海中想象的的这个国家的不平等 （译者：指作者不是朝鲜人，却被用来表现朝鲜的不平等，其实作者的确是朝鲜人）

我从昨天起就没看到过这种策略

Rhiaden WeHappyFew
15 Feb 20155:50
The woman being from the other country, theother culture?
Answering a question sent to her by a reader?
I haven't seen the level of whatabouteryand illiteracy in your comment since about 10 minutes ago on a youtube commentpage.

这个女人来自于另外一个国家，一种文化？
回答读者抛给她的问题？
我从十分钟前在youtobe的评论页面上就再没看到过你这种水平的笨蛋和文盲。