研究：不开心的俄罗斯人怀念苏联模式的统治 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：布拉格鸽子蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Former states under Soviet unx from Estonia to Mongolia also covered by findings that ‘happiness gap’ between eastern and western Europe persists

从爱沙尼亚到蒙古的前苏联国家接受了一场关于东西欧之间“幸福差距”的问卷调查。

A quarter of a century after the collapse of the Soviet unx life satisfaction inRussia and other ex-Soviet states remains stubbornly low with enthusiasm wavering for democracy and open market economics according to a survey.

据调查，在苏联解体25年后，俄罗斯和其他前苏联国家人民的生活满意度持续低迷，民众对民主和开放市场经济的热情亦摇摆不定。

The study found that only 15% of Russians think their households have a better quality of life compared with 30% in 2010 when respondents were last asked and only 9% see their finances as better than four years ago.

最近的一次调查问卷中，研究发现只有15%的俄罗斯人认为他们的生活质量有所提高，而在2010年这个数字是30%。且仅有9%的人认为他们的财务状况比四年前要好。

Just over half the respondents from former Soviet states also thought a return to amore authoritarian system would be a plus in some circumstances said the findings from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the World Bank said.

欧洲复兴开发银行和世界银行称，来自前苏联国家中超过半数的受访者均表示，在某些情况下，回归至更为专制的体系将是个不错的选择。

-------------译者：布拉格鸽子蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The EBRD created 25 years ago to invest in former communist countries questioned households across ex-Soviet bloc for more than a decade for its “Life in Transition” project polling 51000 households in 34 countries from Estonia to Mongolia.

25年前创建的用于投资前共产主义国家的欧洲复兴开发银行对前苏联国家的住户进行了超过十年的“生活转型”项目的问卷调查， 被调查者涵盖了从爱沙尼亚到蒙古的34个国家的51000住户。

They did find the “happiness gap” with western Europe had narrowed thanks to improvements in central Asia the Baltic states and central Europe but also because of less satisfaction in parts of Europe including Germany and Italy.

他们发现与西欧的“幸福差距”已显着缩小，这得归功于中亚、波罗的海国家和中欧的进步与提升，但也与部分欧洲国家包括德国和意大利的满意度下降有关。

The findings resonated with increasing evidence in 2016 – ranging from Britain’s vote to quit the European unx and Donald Trump’s US election win – of dissatifaction with some of the effects of globalisation.

研究结果与2016年一系列的不满相呼应（包括英国脱欧和川普当选），当然也受到了全球化的些许影响。


-------------译者：布拉格鸽子蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Courage8591 19m ago
The EU was also more prosperous and stable before the collapse of the Berlin Wall. The EU project began to unravel with the fall of the USSR and the reunification of Germany and the subsequent migration westwards of the regions poor.

在柏林墙倒塌之前，欧盟曾更繁荣稳定。随着苏联解体，德国统一，东部贫困地区的移民西迁，欧盟的项目开始瓦解。

fonso90  Courage8591 13m ago
Yes the EU would be in far better shape if it hadn't pursued a hubristic expansionist policy. This expanded EU lacks any economic social or political coherence and is unlikely to survive much longer.

没错，如果欧盟不追求傲慢扩张的政策，它的形势将远比现在好。扩张的欧盟缺乏任何经济、社会和政治的连贯性，不可能存活太长时间。

-------------译者：lasereyes-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

inter14 21m ago
Many people in the West don't understand why the majority of former Soviet republics' citizens (esp. those who were lucky to be youngsters/adults in USSR before 1986 – like me) still miss that time and reject the established neoliberal regimes all this despite the obvious drawbacks and irregularities of the “real Socialism”.

很多西方人不明白为什么大部分的前苏联共和国的公民们（特别是那些有幸在1986年之前成为青少年/成年人的苏联人—例如我）还在怀念那个时代而且抵触新自由主义政权的建立，而不顾“真正的社会主义”有很多明显的缺点和不合理。

To understand such attitudes better just try to imagine first a rather uncomfortable a bit overcrowded ward in an ordinary hospital where there are treated patients suffering from something easy to cure that are fed dietary dishes (not tasty) and given pretty bitter but effective medicines. That’s my picture of Soviet Socialism. Now imagine a luxurious ward where you are alone and well looked after. You are fed very tasty dishes and given very strong and effective drugs (like synthetic opiates). The only problem is that this is a ward in a hospice. That’s how I see modern capitalist Russia if compared with USSR. Sorry for a medical example but it’s close to my professional field of interest.

为了明白这种态度，最好是首先试着想象一下在一所平常的医院里，有个一个相当不舒服有点拥挤的病房，生了小病的病人们只能吃一些单调的饮食（不好吃）并且要吃一些很苦但是很有效的药，这就是我对苏联社会主义的印象。现在想象一个你自己住一个豪华病房，被照顾的很好。你吃的食物很美味，药物的效果很强（像合成鸦片）。唯一的问题就是这是个临终关怀医院的病房。如果和前苏联比较的话，我就是这么看待现代资本主义俄罗斯的。很抱歉用医院打比方，但是这个跟我的专业兴趣领域比较接近。

-------------译者：统而言之-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Guardiannonsense 21m ago
The free movement of labour has not helped the poor eastern European countries. A brain drain plus movement of unskilled workers to low unemployment western European countries has depopulation much of the former eastern block.

劳动力的自由流动没能帮助贫穷的东欧国家。人才外流加上普通工人向低失业率的西欧国家的转移使得之前的东部地区人口降低地更多。

ChopaMukwa  Guardiannonsense 14m ago
Is that not capitalism?
I believe one former British politician told the unemployed masses to "get on their bikes."

这不是资本主义？
我记得之前有个英国政客要求失业的人们离开。

Rastits 23m ago
Communism ensured that most worked and that most could afford to do the same activities as their neighbours. Everyone was poorer but more equal. The most important thing about wealth is relative wealth not absolute. This is why people on a Nottingham council estate may be unhappy with their lot despite being richer than someone in a Sudanese village. Relative wealth dictates access to mates for males. So being relatively poorer means there are less women available.

共产主义确保大部分人有工作，确保大部分人能和他们的邻居一样的生活水平。过去每个人都很穷，但社会公平。最重要的是相对富有，而不是绝对富有。这就是为什么诺丁汉市政厅的人因为他们的土地划分不高兴了，尽管他们已经比生活在苏丹某个村子的人富有的多。相对富有让男人们更容易找到配偶。因此相对贫穷的状态意味着更少的女人可选。

-------------译者：零zero-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Peter Archer  Rastits 10m ago
You are correct regarding the importance that people place on realtive wealth rather than absolute wealth. Research has borne this out possibly because with relative wealth people have an easier yardstick to measure their own position against whereas absolute wealth is more nebulous.

对于人们是相对富裕而不是绝对富裕的重要性，你是对的。研究已经证明了这可能是因为相对富裕的人有更简单的标准去衡量自己的立场而绝对富裕的人更加朦胧。

One reason for this is probably that when everybody is much the same society has a solidarity and cohesion which is lacking when there is a large wealth gap and an entrenched class system.

这其中一个原因可能是当每个人都在同一个社会时会有团结和凝聚力，但当有巨大的贫富差距和根深蒂固的阶级制度时就会缺乏。

This is true here in New Zealand which used to be well-known as one of the world's most egalitarian countries. But since the advent of neoliberalism from 1984 onwards we have a substantial wealth gap and a much lass happy society.

这是真实的，在新西兰，这里被公认是世界上最平等的国家。但是自从1984年新自由主义的出现，我们出现了巨大的贫富差距和更少(less?)幸福的社会。

-------------译者：佛曰，不可说-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

right.u.r.guv.uk  AberRational 23m ago
Their problems would be solved if only they could be ruled by the Tories / New Labour

如果他们由托利党（英国保守党）/新劳工党领导的话，问题会解决的。

Oberon5 28m ago 
The west has to come to an accomodation with Russia as a control pivot to contain China whichis becoming a Rogue state with its support the lunatic Kim Jong Un and its behaviour in the South China Sea.

西方为了能够限制中国，应该和俄罗斯和解，中国正因为支持疯狂的金正恩和它在南海的行为而变成一个流氓国家。

eu1remainiac 29m ago
If Putin and his henchmen Oligarchs shared their wealth equally there would be less poverty.

如果普金和他的党羽-俄罗斯寡头能够将他们的财产平分的话，那么世界上将会少很多贫困的人。

right.u.r.guv.uk  eu1remainiac 25m ago
Same applies in the west

这同样适用于西方国家

Batcow 31m ago
When global capitalism runs its course there won't be a noticeable difference between capitalist and communist societies for most of their citizens.

当全球资本主义继续得到发展后，对大部分公民来说资本主义和社会主义没有明显的差别。

ChopaMukwa  Batcow 11m ago
How long is the course comrade?

同志，全球资本主义的发展需要多长时间？

Paterson Dave 32m ago
the russian social circles were the lines waiting for someone to tell them all the bread and meat and soup and vodka already went to the party members. no soup for you.

俄罗斯现在的社会的现状就是等着别人去告诉他们所有的面包、肉‘汤以及伏加特已经是党员的了。汤也不是你的。