日本电通公司员工自杀后，日本终于考虑工作时间改革 [日本媒体]

-------------译者：罗兰的朵夫-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



TOKYO —Japan is finally starting to seriously seek ways to curb excessive work hours with the overwork-related suicide of a young employee spotlighting a long-standing issue that has always been in question but never quite addressed.

东京——一起员工过度工作导致的自杀事件引发公众关注，这个遗留问题饱受质疑却从未解决。事发后，日本终于开始认真寻求控制超长工作时间的方法。

The traditional corporate culture in Japan of punishing hours has persisted since the postwar era of rapid economic expansion when hard work seemed to lead to growth.

自从战后日本实行快速经济扩张，人们认为努力工作似乎就通向成功，因此日本传统的企业一直延续着残酷的加班文化。

But that is no longer a driving force with working conditions dramatically changing after the burst of the economic bubble in the early 1990s and the financial crisis in 2008 both of which led Japanese companies to undertake drastic restructuring such as massive job cuts.

但随着20世纪90年代初期日本经济泡沫的形成导致的工作条件急剧变化，以及08年经济危机这二者的影响，日本企业面临大幅度重组，如大量裁员，这使得经济扩张不再是主要驱动力。

 -------------译者：dll-审核者：willdemon------------

Japan worked the third longest hours in 2015 among the Group of Seven industrialized countries according to data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

根据世界经济合作发展组织的2015年数据显示，日本在七个工业国家里的工作时长排名第三。

But the world’s third largest economy’s work productivity was the worst last year among G-7 nations according to the Japan Productivity Center.

然而根据日本生产力中心的数据，作为世界第三大经济体的日本去年其工作效率在七国集团中垫底。

The aging population in Japan leaves the country at risk of labor shortages which could add more pressure on future workers.

日本的人口老龄化问题留给这个国家的是 劳动力短缺一系列问题，只会给未来的工人群体带来更大的压力。

“Japan is still a country where working long hours is considered a virtue” said Kazunari Tamaki a lawyer who specializes in “karoshi” cases or death from overwork.

”日本终究会是一个将长时间工作作为美德的国家。”Kazunari Tamaki，一个专注于超时间工作引发”过劳死”领域的专业律师如是说。

“But we need to focus on improving efficiency within fixed hours to boost productivity.”

“但是我们有必要提高固定工时内的效率从而提高生产率。”

 -------------译者：dll-审核者：yearning------------

The suicide of 24-year-old Matsuri Takahashi an employee of advertising giant Dentsu Inc due to overwork last year sparked criticism of illegally long working hours and a push for a fundamental reform of working conditions.

二十四岁日本Dentsu（电通广告）总部员工——高桥小姐 由于在去年长时间工作而自杀的案件，引发非法长时间加班的批评狂潮和推动关于工作状态的基础性改革。

She had logged 105 hours of monthly overtime work before jumping from a company dormitory. The labor ministry referred the company and an executive to prosecutors in late December over the suicide.

在从公司宿舍跳楼的前一个月中，她记录显示每月加班达到105个小时。 劳动部门指出这家公司和相关管理层将在去年十二月份成为自杀案将的被告。

Among the 34 OECD member countries Japan’s average annual hours actually worked per worker stood at 1719 hours in 2015 longer than 1371 hours in Germany 1482 hours in France and 1674 hours in Britain but shorter than 2113 hours in South Korea.

在三十四个国家组成的经济合作与发展组织里，日本2015年平均工作时间一般是每个工人在1719小时，远多于德国的1371小时，法国的1482小时，英国的1674小时，但却远少于南韩的2113小时。


-------------译者：统而言之-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

StrangerlandJAN. 02 2017 - 08:36AM JST
the bonus that they get during winter is huge compared to other countries so there is no need to complain so much.

相比于其他国家来说，日本人在冬天得到的奖金数目庞大，所以他们不需要去抱怨那么多。

It's not truly a bonus though. They take the person's yearly salary split it into 18 payments instead of 12 (though the actual split can vary by company) then pay the person 1/18 each month with an additional 1/6 as a 'bonus' in the summer and another 1/6 'bonus' in the winter.

其实那算不上奖金。日本公司将雇员的年收入分成18份来支付，而不是12份（公司之间可以分割份数略有不同），然后每个月支付给雇员18分之一，将另外的六分一作为夏天的奖金发放，剩下的六分之一作为冬天的奖金发放。

It's a forced-savings plan more than it is a bonus.

与其说是奖金，不如说是一种强制保留。

YubaruJAN. 02 2017 - 06:42AM JST
“But we need to focus on improving efficiency within fixed hours to boost productivity.”

“但是我们需要专注于在规定工作时间内提升效率促进产能。”

Kind of hard to focus on improving efficiency when the first thing you need to do is get rid of unneeded and superfluous staff and employees.

专注于提升效率有点难，首先需要做的是去除庸员。

I wonder if these efficiency measures are limited to the private sector alone? Seems like my local city office has way too many staff and too many buy bodies sticking their noses into everyone's business.

这些提高效率的措施只针对私营部门的吗？貌似我当地的市政府办公室里员工太多了，很多人就爱多管闲事。

-------------译者：willdemon-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

goldorakJAN. 02 2017 - 10:27AM JST
The concept of work-life balance is still foreign to most J ppl and I don't see that changing any time soon (apart from the few j men and women who are in a relationship with foreigners and/or have worked and lived overseas). The vast majority agree that yes they work too hard and are exploited yet they always find reasons/excuses to justify their boss' unrealistic demands.

工作-生活两不误的理念在日本人中还没有得到广泛的认识。我也没看到在短期内有改变的倾向（当然，那些和外国人经常打交道或有海外工作经历的人除外）。绝大多数的日本人都认为他们的工作过于繁重并被公司剥削，尽管如此，每当老板提出过分的工作要求，他们心里还是不停地给自己找理由，找借口来认为这些要求是正当的。

They don't even know they are getting screwed. Awareness is the n1 problem right now.

他们甚至都没有意识到自己一直都在被欺压。缺乏认识是目前最大的问题。

Shynell DeVauxJAN. 02 2017 - 08:08AM JST
tessa the problem is that 1. because of these deadly hours people die.. well thats the most obvious. second to that is that it creates a barrier between home life and work life. these hours and commitments are why women can't work and be a mother at the same time. it's also why farthers are hardly home and can't spend time with their wives and families it's also why doing things other than work is near impossible because they can't even take holidays without being seen as "uncommitted".. and basically it could be related to why the birth rate has gone down but thats a whole other essay lol

Tessa: 问题是： 1. 显然，正是这些加班要了人的命。 其次，加班彻底杜绝了家庭生活。正是这些加班和繁重的工作任务使得女性无法在工作的同时照顾子女，使得男人们无法准时下班和妻子家人们共度晚间美好时光，使人们除了工作什么都干不了，因为他们要完成业务要求的话，根本连休假的时间都没有。这些加班和繁重的工作任务甚至造成了日本生率的持续下降，关于这点可以单独写篇论文了。
                       
there's so much wrong with the work pressure culture in Japan it's surprising they let it go on for so long..

日本的工作文化实在是大错特错，让人惊奇的是日本人自己竟然浑然不觉，听之任之...

-------------译者：shulibo20161204-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

DisillusionedJAN. 02 2017 - 07:52AM JST
2017年1月2号早上7点52分   幻想破灭的日本（报刊名)
Why has it taken this one suicide for them to take action? At least half of the 30000 odd suicides in Japan every year are related to work pressures.

为什么这起自杀能引起当局采取措施？（要知道）日本每年都有至少15000因为工作压力的零散自杀者。

But we need to focus on improving efficiency within fixed hours to boost productivity.

但是我们应该关注的是，在固定（工作）时间内提高工作效率，以促进生产力。

This has been an ongoing problem for many years and has been getting worse every year. Many not all of these people doing many hours of overtime are doing it because they do not work efficiently. This comes from secondary and tertiary education. Companies have openly stated they want 'clean slates' to employ but unfortunately in many cases clean slate means empty headed. These people have no organisational skills and have no idea how to prioritise tasks. This means they have to do overtime work to complete their given tasks. It will be impossible to reduce overtime hours and increase productivity with the brain-dead zombies coming out of tertiary education. Yeah Japan keeps bragging about its higher education standards but these statistics only belong to an elite few. For the majority the reality is quite different.

这是个多年一直存在的问题，而且情况每况愈下。是有很多人因为工作低效而加班，但是并不是所有人都这样。这主要因为中等教育和高等教育（教育的学生不能马上适应工作需要）。公司公开表明它们想要雇佣社会新人。但是很不幸地，没有资历的社会新人往往头脑不够灵活。他们（社会新人）没有组织技能并且不知如何优化任务。以致于只能加班去完成任务。减少加班增加生产效率对这些从高等教育中出来的木讷呆板的死脑筋来说是不可能的。日本社会倒是一直吹嘘它的高等教育水准，但是这些数据只来自于少数精英。对于大多数来说，情况截然相反。

-------------译者：少皞一世-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

wontondJAN. 02 2017 - 05:59PM JST
when I first came to japan many years ago one person said to me . "Japanese work long hrs but arnt really that productive in those hrs worked" many years later statistic proved him right. Spending long hrs at the office doesn't mean your a productive worker.

很多年前我第一次去日本的时候，一个人跟我说：“日本人工作时间很长，但不是全部上班时间都用在有效率的生产上”多年过去，统计数据已证明他是对的。在办公室待很长时间并不意味着你就是一个有效率的员工。

@wtfjapan I think a good number of people stay at the office for long hours so they don't appear expendable. They're afraid to leave at a decent hour because the guy in the desk next to them is staying until 9. In reality if the majority of the office is staying late then the office is under-staffed. From the few people I've talked the key is to look busy but in reality they're bored. But companies don't care because they don't pay extra for overtime. They need to start paying employees time and a half for overtime. Compensate workers for putting in long hours and make is costly for companies that are under-staffed.

我认为很多人在办公室待很长时间是为了显示他们不是吃白饭的。他们害怕在应下班的时间离开，因为周围的同事们都会一直待到晚上9点。在现实中，如果办公室大部分人都待到很晚，那么就意味着这个办公室是缺乏人手的。我和一小部分人聊过，从对话中我了解到事实上这些员工也是感觉无聊的。但是公司不在乎，反正他们不会给员工付额外的加班费。如果要付的话，那公司就需要开始给员工支付正常工作时间工资和加班工资（正常工资金额的一半）。当人手不足的时候，对公司来说给那些工作时间长的员工给予补偿是很费钱的。

-------------译者：magicqueen99-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

sf2kJAN. 02 2017 - 06:54AM JST
9 to 5
Yeah they got you where they want you
There's a better life
And you dream about it don't you?
It's a rich man's game
No matter what they call it
And you spend your life
Putting money in his wallet

朝九晚五
嗯只要他们需要你就能找到你
有一种更好的生活
是你梦想的生活对吗？
这是富人的游戏
不管他们把这游戏叫什么名目
你用尽了你的一生
把钱放进他的皮夹子

since1981JAN. 02 2017 - 08:44AM JST
Why spend taxpayer' money on reform? How much intelligence does a CEO need to figure it out? And as for the workers Just say NO!

为什么要花纳税人的钱革新？一个CEO得多聪明才能弄明白？对工人们来说，只需说不！

-------------译者：yearning-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

wtfjapanJAN. 02 2017 - 01:22PM JST
when I first came to japan many years ago one person said to me . "Japanese work long hrs but arnt really that productive in those hrs worked" many years later statistic proved him right. Spending long hrs at the office doesn't mean your a productive worker.

许多年前当我第一次到日本的时候有个人跟我说：“日本人工作时间很长，但是在那些工作时间里效率并不高。”许多年过去了，数据证明他是对的。在办公室花的时间长并不能说明你就是个高效率的员工。

wontondJAN. 02 2017 - 02:22PM JST
I honestly don't see the problem. Japanese are the longest-lived and healthiest people in the world to the point that their long life expectancies are creating a demographic crisis. Someone explain to me: what's the problem?
quality vs quantity.

老实说我没发现有什么问题。日本人是世界上活得最久也是健康状况最好的人群，他们的预期寿命之长已经制造了人口统计危机.谁能跟我解释一下有什么问题？
当质量对上数量。

-------------译者：willdemon-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Charles PribylJAN. 02 2017 - 08:41AM JST
Tessa: Have you ever been to Japan? Have you been in a Japanese office or have you ever worked in Japan (other than a job where you were treated special and were walled off from others)?

Tesa: 你去过日本么？你在日本的办公室里待过还是在日本工作过（那种被特别优待并和其他同事隔离开来的工作不算哦）？

sf2kJAN. 02 2017 - 09:06AM JST
@since1981
Why spend taxpayer' money on reform? How much intelligence does a CEO need to figure it out? And as for the workers Just say NO!

为什么花纳税人的钱来实施改革？一个CEO难道没有足够的智商来弄明白么？员工们肯定只会说No.

Because everyone who died presumably paid their taxes. It would be amazing if tax money went to help people for once and not cashola for local or int'l white elephants

因为每个人活着的时候肯定都交过税啊。要是交上去的税，在纳税人需要的时候可以提取，而不是放在国内外那些没用的税务机关（政府？）里，那就太好了。

-------------译者：willdemon-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

BlacklabelJAN. 02 2017 - 02:48PM JST
It worries me that more companies are starting to ask employees to come in earlier to avoid overtime. Seems they want people to work even more hours but now 5am-8pm intstead of 9am-10pm. I guess its not overtime if its BEFORE work not AFTER?

让我担心的是越来越多的公司开始要求员工提前上班出勤来避免加班。看起来他们想让员工早上5点-到晚上8点工作来取代早上9点出勤-晚上10点下班。我猜提前出勤不算加班，只有延后下班才算是吧？

TravelingSalesJAN. 02 2017 - 05:46PM JST
They need to get out of the office go home and have fun making babies.

他们要做的就是离开办公室，赶紧回家造小人...