英国生产力为什么这么低？ [英国媒体]

-------------译者：mifantasy-审核者：lybrel------------



Productivity has barely grown in the UK since the financial crisis and now lags 35% behind Germany and 30% behind the US

自金融危机以来应该的生产力就几乎没有增长，现在已经落后德国35%，落后美国30%。

The shortfall in productivity compared with other developed economies has long been Britain’s economic achilles heel. It is a problem that Conservative and Labour chancellors have been grappling with for decades.

与其他发达国家相比更低的生产力已经成了英国的阿喀琉斯之踵。几十年了，无论是保守党还是工党人当选的首相都被这个问题困扰着。

Productivity is a guide to how good a country is at delivering the goods and services that are bought and sold. Technically it is the rate of output per unit of input measured per worker or by the number of hours worked. In layman’s terms it is a measure of what goes in and what comes out.

生产力是衡量一个国家生产用于交易的商品或者服务效率高低的判断标准。从技术角度来说，它是用单位人工或者单位工作时间来衡量的单位产出与单位投入的比率。在门外汉角度看就是投入和产出比的衡量工具。


-------------译者：huangjian_1984-审核者：九重鸦青------------

AgeOfDissent 4d ago
What is productivity and why is the UK's so poor?

什么是生产力，为什么英国这么低？

How can the UK's bosses expect high productivity from their employees when they pay as little as they can get away with. An old saying was 'a fair day's pay for a fair day's work' and it is still true.

英国老板们支付给他们的雇员尽可能少的薪水，这种情况下如何能得到他们所期望的高生产效率。古话不欺我，合理的日薪等于合理的日工。

Andrew Mwah  AgeOfDissent 4d ago
and if you pay peanuts.....

假如支付很少很少的薪水。。。。。。。。。。

rd232  AgeOfDissent 4d ago
There's a bit of that "we pretend to work and they pretend to pay us" possibly made worse by British management's famous short-termism which favours squeezing workers over investment.

英国管理者出名的短期盈利主义---喜欢挤压劳工多于投资，将导致“我们假装工作，他们假装支付薪水”这种现象越来越糟糕。

JosefKK  rd232 4d ago
"they pretend to pay us SO we pretend to work"

就因为他们假装支付酬劳，所以我们才假装工作

-------------译者：一只番茄炒鸡蛋-审核者：梦中里的朋友------------

DT48 4d ago 
I only have recent experience in retail and cleaning work. My experience is that the management was appalling.
In retail it was massively disorganised. Training consisted of 'stand there and watch them then copy them'. No technology worked properly (e.g. handheld terminals). Goods were not recorded properly or stored properly. Stock control was abysmal to non-existent. Stock losses through breakage and not even being put out on the shop floor were enormous. There was no diligence anywhere along the line. A useless manager would be shipped to another branch and another useless manager shipped in. Workers would be taken for granted or abused and expected to make themselves available 24/7/364 for a 12 hour a week contract. Any bonuses were funded by a cut elsewhere.

我最近有从事零售业和清扫工作，就我的经验来说，管理太糟糕了。
在零售业，管理是一团混乱。培训的内容只是“站在那儿，看着，照着做”，没有任何合适的技术性的工作方式（例如手持终端机），货物没有合理的登记和储存。库存管理糟到近乎不存在一样，仅因货物破裂所造的损失就很大了，更别提放在生产场所的，所到之处包括生产线上看不到一丁点勤奋的迹象。毫无用处的经理被调到另一个品牌后，另一个毫无用处的经理又会被调过来，工人们理所当然的被如此对待，并且希望他们一年364天每周7天每天工作12小时。任何奖金都会被打折扣。

In cleaning don't even be expected to be given sufficient time or materials to do the job properly. Spent hours messing around getting broken non-maintained non-PAT tested machinery or removing dirt from hoover bags because you have no more hoover bags or removing rubbish from a bin by hand because you have no bin bags.

至于清洁工作，不要指望能得到足够的时间和工具去进行工作。你有好几个小时得浪费在那些破破烂烂没有维护过的，没有经过PAT检测过的机器上，或者是用手将垃圾从吸尘器的袋子和垃圾桶里弄出来，因为你没有足够多的吸尘器袋子和垃圾桶，

Pathetic.

悲哀

If other industries are like this I'm not surprised productivity is broken. If these were my businesses I would have gone ape about the way they are run but their priorities clearly lay elsewhere than providing a good service or safe environment for employees.

如果其他的行业也这样，我对于生产力下降一点也不惊讶，如果这些是我的生意，我也许会做跟他们同样的事，但是比起给员工提供足够的服务和安全的工作环境，显然他们的关注重点在别的事上。

-------------译者：cccoom1993-审核者：cccoom1993------------

paddyd2009  DT48 4d ago
A very useful and insightful contribution!

楼上的观点非常有用和富有见地！

wishawhillbill  DT48 4d ago
Please accept the "Post of the Day"award. Excellent insight I see it every day.

请接受“本日最佳帖子”奖。你说的很有道理，我每天都见到这种事情发生。

blackglass  DT48 4d ago
Other industries are like this and have been for all the decades I have been part of the workforce. There is a lack of investment in equipment and people. I have worked in companies that refused point blank to sanction ongoing training of staff during quiet periods. I have known workers to come in early and improve their skills in their own time to allow them to do a better job. 

其他的行业都有这里描述的类似情况，这种情况在我还工作的时候就存在并已经持续了数十年了。我能给出的解释是，对装备设施和人力资源的投资匮乏，因为我以前在一家曾经断然拒绝过对员工在闲暇时间进行培训的公司工作。但我认为如果让工人早点来，让他们在这段时间接受培训来提高他们的技艺水平是可以把工作做得更好的。

Meanwhile companies have employed less experienced or less able workers because they can pay less regardless of lower productivity and losses through errors. The only difference is among the executives where rewards continue to rise because "you've got to pay to get the best people". 

与此同时，公司无视了生产率降低和生产错误导致的潜在损失，一直在雇用经验缺乏或是能力比较差的工人，仅仅是因为这样可以支付更少的薪水。但是，高管们的薪水却是一直在上升的，因为公司为了留住这些精英，不得不一直为此付出大价钱。

There is a terrible short-termism in business in this country no future planning no contingency planning cut costs regardless of the quality of the product. Management have no interest in hearing about potential problems or suggestions for improving output - god forbid workers are represented on boards it's not as if they have any interest in companies improving

在这个国家，商业人士展现出可怕的鼠目寸光，没有针对未来的规划，没有削减成本的应急计划，更别提产品的质量了。 管理层没有兴趣真正聆听潜在的问题或改善产品的建议，大股东禁止工人代表在董事会发声，但这些肉食者并不像工人一样对于改进公司真的有兴趣。

Four companies I have worked for no longer exist because of this attitude and I am just one person.

我曾经工作过的四家公司都因为这种观念最后破产了，但我毕竟只是一个人微言轻的普通人。

-------------译者：浅暮雪-审核者：cccoom1993------------

failed 4d ago
weak trade unxs and greater availability of cheap labour from overseas mean that British bosses have it easy and don't need to bother about improving productivity
软弱的工会和大量的海外廉价劳动力意味着英国老板不需要提高生产力

ClareM42  failed 4d ago
Trade unxs only cover public sector workers who do NOT work for productivity or profit 
unxs do not exist for commercial workers!!! The issue of pay wouldn't be such a problem if they did!!!

工会只为不关心劳动生产率和利润的公共部门工人服务
工会不为商业工人服务！ 如果是的话，工资问题不会是这样！

Glenn Middleton  failed 4d ago
And if Trade unxs fought the introduction of technology people like you would have a point.
The Dockers unxs tried to stop containers being used in this country the result it happened away.

如果工会反对技术的引进，那么你说得有道理。码头工人的工会拼命阻止这个国家使用集装箱，结果已经一目了然。

 -------------译者：cccoom1993-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Steve Jones  Glenn Middleton 4d ago
Because you can never halt the advance of technology and demanding unless you're in a protected employment area like the house of lords.

人们从来都不能停止对技术的探索和需求，除非他呆在一块安逸的就业保护区里，比如像上议院那样的地方。

kristinezkochanski 4d ago
Poor productivity is nearly always a consequence of poor management. It is their job to invest in the people the skills the technology & the processes & if they don't do that then they can't expect productivity to match that of other organisations which do.

生产效率低几乎一直是管理不善的结果。投资人力和技术流程本来就是他们（应该是指管理层和大股东）的工作，如果他们不这样做，那么他们就不能指望生产效率能比得上其他人。

And the reason why management in Britain has such a poor record is because it is far too top down. Workers are simply not involved in decision making as they are in other countries such as Germany where productivity is far higher.

而英国的管理这么糟糕的原因是因为它距离一线的劳动人员太遥远了，工人根本不能参与决策，所以这些工人也无法表现得像在其他国家，如德国的同行一样，实现非常高的生产效率。

This is not rocket science.

这不是探索火箭科技的难度。

-------------译者：cccoom1993-审核者：沸点熔点凝固点------------

foolisholdman  kristinezkochanski 3d ago
kristinezkochanski 
No it's not rocket science but in my experience in Britain scientists of any sort are very seldom appointed to managerial position. The people who are appointed lack the training in any skill that would enable them to realise what their problem is. So of course they blame the workers. Or the unxs. Or both.

是的，这没到什么探索火箭科技的难度，但在我的印象中，在英国，纯技术工作者是极少出任管理职位的，被任命的管理人员往往缺乏在专业技术方面的任何培训，以他们的水平很难快速明确他们面对的技术问题和对应的管理问题是什么。所以，他们最后会去责怪一线工人。或者责怪unxs（译者也不知道unxs是什么，实在抱歉）。或两者一起责怪。

Shawshanks  foolisholdman 2d ago
The culture of collaboration between management and workers in the British workplace is virtually non-existent.

在英国的工作场所，管理层和工人之间实际上不存在什么协作文化。

ClareM42 4d ago
It's not just an issue of pay but also of abuse through insecure and unpredictable work contracts.

这不仅涉及到薪酬的因素，而且牵连到滥用不安全和不可靠的工作合同的行为。

Employers now have maximum capability to cut down their workforce costs through the financially abusive zero hours contracts. New employees can be forced to accept them or be refused the employment offer. Week after week no confirmation ever given of any future income or length of contract none of the same employment rights as permanent staff. You can be finished 'in a click'.

雇主现有拥有一个极大的权限，他们可以通过在财务上被滥用的临时工合同来削减要支付的薪水。新员工要么被迫接受这份不公平的待遇要么走人。无论工作多久都不能确认未来收入数目，不能确认能够在那个岗位工作多久，没有与永久工作人员相同的职工权益。你随时可以被解雇，只要管理者轻轻点击鼠标。

Productivity is directly lixed to employee motivation. If the Tories really want to encourage motivation then eliminate ALL employment abuse.

员工的的积极性和生产效率有极大关系。如果保守党真的想唤起工人的工作积极性，那么就应该消除所有对临时工合同滥用的现象。

-------------译者：s555555555-审核者：cccoom1993------------

chelsea55  ClareM42 4d ago
No sane employer would risk losing quality personnel. The solution for workers wanting secure employment is to make themselves sufficiently valuable ie it's down to them.

聪明的老板是不会冒失去优秀员工的风险的。工人想要保住自己工作的方法就是让自己有效率有价值那样自然不会被炒了。

DT48  chelsea55 4d ago
I work very hard much harder than most people I work with and I do a better job. Not once has anyone offered me a pay rise or better conditions. In low paid work nobody has any value because we are easily replaced and nobody actually cares if their replacement doesn't do such a good job.
Bizarre but true.

我努力做事勤奋工作比别人都做的好，可是我却连一次升职加薪的机会都没有。在低薪行业里我们都是无力的，你不做随时有人顶你做，即使那人做的并不好。

risennorth  DT48 4d ago
Leaving the EU will solve this problem.

脱欧会解决这些问题的。

-------------译者：huangjian_1984-审核者：cccoom1993------------

pharos 4d ago
What is really depressing is that we are still repeating the nonsense that productivity is about "working hard ".
Bollocks!
Productivity is about investing to enable the workforce to produce more for less. As long as our priority is to  divert profits to shareholders rather than towards reinvestment we will remain behind. 
I learned this in the British machine tool industry in the sixties and fuck all has changed in the intervening fifty years.

让人沮丧的是我们依然重复着“生产效率就是努力工作”这句废话。
胡说!!!!
生产效率是投入资金使劳工产生的价值尽量多而索取的尽量少。只要我们优先考虑的事是股东分红而不是再投资的话，我们依然落后。
我从六十年的英国机械工具工业的工作生涯中得知这些。FUCK 所有的事情都已经发生了改变在这五十年里。

pharos  pharos 4d ago
Apart that is from the inevitable disappearance of the British machine tool industry.

（接上面）
另外说的是，也源自不可避免消失的英国机械工具工业。

-------------译者：ggxxyy-审核者：cccoom1993------------

yup yup pharos 4d ago
nooo shit ... let's see what happened in the last fifty years:

TMD...我们都知道最近五十年发里发生了什么:

CAD Digital tooling machines internet countless new materials ( today's planes and cars are about 30% lighter for the same design than those in seventies ) robots 3D printing ...

CAD数字压制图案机网络有无尽的新材料（今天的飞机和汽车比七十年代相同的设计减轻30%）3D打印技术…

as you can see fuck all has changed in the last fifty years.

像大家知道的，在最近五十年间一切全TM变了。

no. bad productivity boils down to bad management ...

落后的生产力归咎于失败的管理。。。

pharos yup yup 3d ago
Sorry you misinterpreted my point. Technology has of course changed. Prioritising short term money for shareholders over long term investment sadly has not. That said I don't disagree British management is a significant factor. Arts degrees and MBAs have a lot to answer for.

很抱歉你误解了我的观点。技术当然也发生了改变。但是把股东的短期回报看得比长期投资更重，这一点并没有改变。当然英国的管理也是一个重要的因素。艺术学位和MBA对此也负有很大责任。

-------------译者：cccoom1993-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Jonathan Lealand 4d ago
The simple explanation is that the Tories (and another party that gravitated towards Tory-style politics when it was in government) have created a low-wage low-skill country and decimated education and other public services. Low productivity is merely one of the repercussions.

简单的解释是，保守党（和另一个在执政时期颁布了保守党式政治风格政策的政党）创造了一个低工资和低技能的国家，并减少了教育和其他公共服务的经费。低生产率只是它们导致的后果中的一个。 

If you are a worker there is no worse country to live in Western Europe. You are on average likely to be overworked for less money have less benefits less trade unx protection less worker's rights experience worse services.

如果你是一个工人，对你来说在西欧已经没有更糟的国家了。工人群体通常会碰上为了比其他国家更少的钱，更少的收益，更少的工会保护，更少的劳工权益，更差的服务，去超负荷劳动的事情。

That's Toryism.

 这就是保守主义。

SteveEU  Jonathan Lealand 4d ago
Welcome to the UK of the 21s Century

欢迎来到21世纪的不列颠。

PadraigSeamusBalling  Jonathan Lealand 4d ago
Also the wilful stupidity and anti intellectualism of these islands.

（这种现象的原因）也涉及英伦三岛上人为的愚蠢和反智主义思想。

-------------译者：dll-审核者：梦中里的朋友------------

JosefKK  PadraigSeamusBalling 4d ago
C P Snow's 'Two Cultures' still rules supreme mainly in the England part of UK.

史诺(C.P Snow)的经典之作《两种文化》(Two Cultures)依旧主宰着英国的英格兰地区。

Try being introduced at a social party as an Engineer in Germany and England (sic).

在德国和英格兰的社交派对上多看到的自我介绍景象是（原文如此）。

Germany = 'Heir Doctor Engineer Josef KK pleased to meet you.

德国= 继承者医生机械师 约瑟夫kk 很高兴见到你

England = How quaint may I inspect your fingernails before I shake hands?

英格兰 = 哇，你的指甲多漂亮吖，在我握手之前能不能仔细端详一下？

Or perhaps you'd like to put on these white cotton gloves?

又或者你想戴上这些白棉手套吗？

Ice_man87gt 4d ago
My Name is David Holt a British Citizen.

我的名字是David Holt 一个英国公民。

I am very proud to say this and it is as follows;

我很自豪地说以下这些：

The United Kingdom is a shit-hole and at any opportunity anyone has to leave the country. Fucking take-it and do-it. The country is going downhill with a tory government.

英联邦是一堆屎坑 ，所有人都千方百计离开这个国家。去他妈做这做那。这个国家在保守主义的政府领导下在走下坡路。