首次从零开始建造酵母DNA后，科学家在制造人工生命上又近了一步 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：黑色艺术-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Scientists have found the key to artificial life after creating yeast from manmade DNA.

在用人造DNA生产出酵母之后，科学家们打开了一扇通往人工生命的大门。

The synthetic yeast could be used to create painkillers biofuel bread better able to withstand high temperatures and cheaper beer for the brewing industry.

合成酵母可以用来生产止痛药、生物燃料、面包，更能为酿酒业提供廉价而耐高温的啤酒。

More importantly yeast shares a quarter of its genes with humans so may allow biologists to build whole sections of DNA to prevent devastating diseases like cystic fibrosis.

最重要的是，这些酵母有四分之一的基因与人类基因相同，生物学家以此可生成一整个DNA组，用于预防囊性纤维化一类的可怕疾病。

-------------译者：黑色艺术-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Artificial yeast could be used for bread-baking as it is more resistant to high temperatures. 

人工酵母对高温的承受能力更强，可以很好地用于烘焙，

It could also make beer brewing cheaper by using yeast which is more tolerant to alcohol.

它对酒精的耐受性也更高，能够使酿酒过程变得更加经济，

It could also be used to manufacture painkillers antibiotics and biofuels which separate studies show could replace petrol and jet fuel.

还用于生产止痛药、抗生素，以及被广泛认为可以替代传统燃料的生物燃料。

Baker's yeast is similar to human cells but simpler and easier to study. 

烘焙用的酵母与人类细胞相似，但其结构更简单，易于研究。

-------------译者：tomandjerry-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Synthetic DNA created in the same way could be used to replace faulty DNA which causes diseases like cystic fibrosis and Down's syndrome.

用同样方法制造的人工合成DNA可以用来代替缺陷DNA，缺陷DNA会导致例如囊胞性纤维症和唐氏综合症这样的疾病。

An international team of scientists successfully replaced almost a third of the genetic material in baker's yeast after creating five new synthetic chromosomes with DNA made from chemicals in the laboratory.

一个国际科学家团队用实验室化学合成的DNA制造了五个新的合成染色体，已成功替换了烘焙酵母差不多三分之一的基因材料。

The team including researchers from Imperial College in London yesterday announced they plan to create entirely manmade yeast by the end of the year.

这个包含有伦敦帝国理工学院研究者的团队在昨天宣布，他们计划到年底前制造出完全人造的酵母。

-------------译者：graper2010-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The breakthrough will reignite the debate over GM food as artificial yeast could in future be used to make bread more nutritious. 

这个突破会重新激起转基因食品的争论，因为人造酵母在未来可以使面包更有营养。

It also raises fears over bioterrorism as the same DNA-swapping methods could be harnessed to create extra deadly viruses.

这同样带来了对生物恐怖主义的担忧，因为相同的DNA交换方法可以用来制造更有杀伤力的病毒。

However the researchers involved say it is a major milestone in the race to create the first fully artificial complex living organism.

但是，相关研究者说，第一次全合成一个复杂的活性微生物是一个巨大的里程碑。

They not only inserted new DNA into yeast but removed that which was unnecessary showing scientists can speed up evolution by taking the building blocks of life and rearranging them.

他们不仅将新DNA插入酵母，而且去除了一些不必要的DNA，结果显示科学家可以利用生命的构造模块（DNA），同时利用这些模块的重新排列来加速进化。


-------------译者：graper2010-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

DevReb
Perhaps if humans weren't so fixated in destroying existing life on the planet there wouldn't be any need for creating artificial versions. .

如果人们不是念念不忘地摧毁这个星球上现有生物，创造人造生物也就没有必要了。

Tropic Blunder
Yawn. So they are 'copying' DNA. Whoop di do. Let me know when they create life. Until they resurrect the dead they will never breath life into a slab of meat

恩。他们在拷贝DNA。。。。他们创造生命时要告诉我。除非他们让死者复生，否则他们永远不能给一块肉带来生命。

Bruce Jenner
I make yeast at home on a regular basis no biggie yeah

我在家都能用常用设备造酵母，没啥大不了的

Magnus
Not the first time synthetic life has been created DM! An artificial bacterium with only 473 genes but able to replicate and make products was published last year

本站啊，这不是合成生物学第一次被制造出来！去年发表了一个文章，一个只有473个基因的人造细菌可以自己复制并合成产物。

-------------译者：graper2010-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

I am the sun of god
The soul can only enter the body through sex between man and woman. Doing this is just making mindless programmed robots dangerous on every level. Imagine them as police or even the army. Be afraid.

只有男女之间的性才能使新生命有灵魂。这么做只会在各个层面上使这些随意制造的机器人更加危险。想象一下他们变成警察甚至军队。害怕吧。

Tropic Blunder -> I am the sun of god
Nah. They are just reverse engineering. They will only produce lifeless meat.

恩，他们只是在逆向工程。他们只是在制造无生命的肉

liv
DM isn't cloning also creating a synthetic life? And dolly was cloned 20 years ago

本站啊，克隆也不是创造合成生命吗？多莉20年前就被克隆出来了

Magnus -> liv
Not really as its taking natural DNA and putting it into an 'egg' and allowing it to gestate... There are options to synthesise elements of the DNA to produce various bio-products

不完全是，因为克隆是取出自然的DNA并将其放进一个“卵”里从而使其怀孕。。。而人工合成可合成DNA物质从而创造出各种生物产品。

 -------------译者：南山有樛木-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Gooner
So a quarter of my genes are shared with yeast and I thought I was well-bred already. 

所以 我基因的四分之一是与酵母共享的，我之前还以为我的品种已经够良好了。

Jolly Tall
Science 1 Religion 0

科学 1     宗教  0

brian -> Jolly Tall
Your point? 

你想说明什么？

Tropic Blunder -> Jolly Tall
Really? Let me know when they breath life into a slab of meat. Score is Science 0. God... (number too big)

真的？在他们让一块肉有了生命后再通知我。科学 0，上帝。。。。（数字太大）

-------------译者：tomandjerry-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Youngy1211
I can't wait for the day that we create a complex organisms DNA to shut up all the religious creationists.

我等不及要看我们创造一个复杂有机的DNA堵住所有宗教创世论者的嘴的那一天。

Tropic Blunder -> Youngy1211
Well let us know. We are still waiting. Why not reanimate a corpse also?Or space flight to the next star? Yawn...

回复Youngy1211
嗯，到那时候要告诉我们。我们还在等着。为何不也试试复活尸体？或者飞到另外一个恒星去？呵欠……

DevReb -> Youngy1211
Brian what is your "God" up to if he's not managing time? He seems a little disinterested to say the least.

回复Youngy1211
布莱恩，如果你的上帝无法掌控时间，那他存在的意义是什么？他貌似不是很感兴趣。

-------------译者：tomandjerry-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Jonthan Roberts
I love the way keyboard warriors from non-STEM subjects seem to think their ignorant opinions carry weight. If it wasn't for the work of these dedicated researchers of the life sciences we would still be dying in our thousands of stomach bugs cholera measles smallpox even child birth with huge losses in quality in life for the elderly and disabled.

我喜欢那些非理工出身的键盘侠的思路，认为自己的愚昧观点有一丁点分量。如果不是因为专注的生命科学研究者们的工作，我们还在因上千种胃病霍乱麻疹天花而垂死挣扎，甚至是分娩时的死亡，还有老年人和残疾人的生活质量。

LittlePastor
Huh!! You dont say. Smart scientists making life in the lab....isn't that intelligent design? It sure look like that to me.

哼！不见得吧。聪明的科学家在实验室里制造生命……难道不是智慧设计么？对我来说这的确很像。

AverageJane
Too many scientists

这里科学家真多

Jonthan Roberts -> AverageJane
Not enough people study STEM subjects universities are full of waste of space social scientists who contribute nothing except fat civil service pensions.

回复AverageJane
学理工科的人不够，大学里面充满了浪费空间的社会科学家，除了拿着丰厚的公务员退休金以外什么贡献也没有。

Tropic Blunder -> AverageJane
Not as clever as they think. Pathetic. E-. Must try harder.

回复AverageJane
不像他们想象的那么聪明。可悲。呃，得再努力些。

-------------译者：tomandjerry-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Mike
So they've just virtually created life in a lab and one of the main benefits is...... Drum roll..... ta da... More nutritious bread. 

所以事实上他们在实验室里创造生命，而它的主要好处是……铛铛……更多的营养面包。

Peter Connell
Just because you can doesn't mean that you should. Just leave things be and stop trying to be Dr Frankenstein. 

仅仅因为你可以，不意味着你应当。让一切顺其自然，别总想着当科学怪人弗兰肯斯坦博士。

NeilloD
We've all seen the horror movies I think the human race should stop trying to play God.

我们都看过恐怖电影，我想人类应该停止扮演上帝。

Voetsek -> NeilloD
Play God? God has gifted us with the knowledge. Explain...

回复NeilloD
扮演上帝？上帝给予了我们这些知识。解释下吧……

GG
This is wrong on so many levels. 

在很多意义上这事是错的。