外媒：在中国，饮用水和空气一样危险 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：sjz9977-审核者：氯化钠⊙▽⊙槑------------



Shanghai with its chic cafes glitzy shopping malls and organic health food shops is emblematic of improving quality of life for China’s urban middle class. Yet while the city’s veil of smog has lifted slightly in recent years its water pollution crisis continues unabated – 85% of the water in the city’s major rivers was undrinkable in 2015 according to official standards and 56.4% was unfit for any purpose. 

上海拥有精致的咖啡厅、繁华的大商场，还有有机食品商店，这些让它成了中国中产阶级生活质量提高的象征。但近些年来，虽然上海市的雾霾情况，水污染问题也在持续加剧，按照官方的标准，2015年时，上海市85%的城市主干河流水源无法饮用，56.4%的水甚至无法用于任何目的。

These findings come from our new water quality report which found water pollution levels in China’s other major cities are also extremely high. In Beijing 39.9% of water was so polluted that it was essentially functionless. In Tianjin northern China’s principal port city and home to 15 million people a mere 4.9% of water is usable as a drinking water source.

这些发现来自于我们最新的水质报告，报告称，中国其他主要城市水污染水平也很高。在北京，39.9%的水被污染，这些污水基本上是无用的。在天津，这座中国北部居住着1500万居民的重要港口城市只有4.9%的水可作为饮用水水源。

 -------------译者：杨同志-审核者：lelezilelezi------------

One reason for this is that local governments have too often failed to crack down on polluting industries. In 2011 reports emerged that said Luliang Chemical Industry in Yunnan province had disposed of 5000 tonnes of chemical waste next to a river used as a drinking water source. According to local residents more than 140000 tonnes of waste had already accumulated over 22 years. A year later seven people including employees and contractors of Luliang Chemical Industry were found guilty by the Qilin District Court of Qujing for illegally discharging chromium-contaminated waste. The local government however took no action to regulate the company’s chemical waste disposal and there was no monitoring system in place to track the transport of hazardous materials.

其中一个原因是，地方政府往往未能打击污染行业。2011年有报道称，云南省陆良化工厂在一条饮用水源河旁处理了5000吨化学废物。而据当地居民了解，22年来积累了14多万吨垃圾。一年后，七人包括陆良化工厂的员工和承包商被曲靖市麒麟区法院判定为非法排放铬污染有罪。然而，当地政府没有采取行动来规范该公司的化学废物处置，并没有监测系统，来跟踪危险物质的运输。

 -------------译者：看看世界-审核者：lelezilelezi------------

The nationwide standards for the treatment of sewage are also far from sufficient. Despite some improvements in recent years wastewater water which has been used in the home in a business or as part of an industrial process and may now contain hazardous materials remains a major pollution source particularly in urban centres. In 2015 3.78bn cubic metres of untreated wastewater was discharged across China including 1.98m cubic metres in Beijing alone. This is water that has been ruled unusable for agricultural industrial and even decorative purposes dumped into rivers and lakes.

全国范围内关于污水处理的标准还是远远不够的，尽管近年来有一些改进，但来自家庭、商业、工业的含有害物质的废水可能仍然是一个主要的污染源，特别是在城市中心。在2015年，中国有37.8亿立方废水未经处理就被排放，仅是在北京就有198万立方。这些被规定不能用于农业工业甚至是装饰目的的废水直接流进了河流和湖泊。


-------------译者：氯化钠⊙▽⊙槑-审核者：后羿A射日------------

Given the immense size of the Chinese population 20000 or even 200000 (not sure which)Brits in China is actually a rather small number. To put it in some perspective there are approximately 500000 ethnic Chinese in the UK. 99.9% of Brits living in China will stay there for a few years then return home. Most UK based native Chinese do not leave the UK for China. A few will of course. But most tend to remain.

对于庞大的中国人口来说，两万或者二十万（不确定是多少）英国人，真的只是一个小数字。说实在的，在英国大概有50万华人，99.9%在中国的英国人会住在中国几年，之后就会回国。大部分生活在英国的中国人不会离开英国回到中国。当然其中少数中国人会回到中国，但是大部分人还是会留在英国。

Matt Merefield
I live here (Tianjin near Beijing). Most people I know don't smoke and nearly everyone is concerned about the poor air and water quality and the lack of effective monitoring and enforcement for environmental health.

我住在这儿（靠近北京的天津） 我所知道的大多数人都不抽烟 几乎所有人都很关注糟糕的空气问题和水质问题，但是针对于环境健康的问题，缺乏有效的监督和执行。

-------------译者：后羿A射日-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

seekerz
I think that KingstonKid is taking aim at the absolutely massive hole in your argument namely that you are blaming capitalism when China is absolutely and totally under the control of the Communist Party! If you think that a chemical plant is less polluting in a communist country or under socialism than in a capitalist system I can assure you that you are flat wrong. Anybody who has experience of communism knows that communists are just as greedy as capitalist have exactly the same interest in making money as capitalists and are as happy as capitalists to pollute and wreak environmental destruction. But most Capitalist countries come complete with an independent judiciary a relatively disinterested government freely published accurate information and then there's the backstop of a pretty free press who will publish embarassing news stories whenever things go wrong.

我觉得你的论证中有一个巨大的漏洞，中国完全是共产主义控制的国家，而你却指责资本主义。共产主义国家的化工厂并不比资本主义国家的化工厂污染少。共产主义者和资本主义者一样的贪婪，都想赚钱，只要有钱赚，才不管污染不污染呢。但是在资本主义国家，司法较独立，政府利害关系较小，言论自由准确，一旦有什么不好的事情，媒体都可以自由的进行曝光。

-------------译者：xixidecheche-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

seekerz
The water in China is definitely not safe to drink. You absolutely must boil it at least before drinking it and preferably filter it too. but personally I shower in it wash my hands with it and brush my teeth in it.

（自来）水在中国直接饮用肯定是不安全的。你绝对至少要煮一下再喝，或者（煮之前）过滤一下更好。但我个人刷牙、洗手和洗澡全部都用（自来）水。

martinRmartin
The smoking is rapidly decreasing. I dont see the office ashtrays any more. Almost no one in offices in shanghai smokes now they all huddle outside like smokers in the uk. A huge change in the last 2 years.

吸烟现象减少的很快，我再也看不见办公区的烟灰缸啦。在上海，几乎没人在办公室里抽烟，他们现在都聚集在外面，就好像在英国的吸烟者一样，过去两年的巨大变化哇。

martinRmartin
They are spending a lot of money on river and soil clean up. It might not match that on spending on building islands but I bet it compares proportionally to the Europeans balance of defence and environmental spending. Dont forget we are all complicit in the state of the environment in China. Everyone of us who has bought cheap goods made in China has contributed by paying less than the real price of sustainable manufacture.

他们正花很多钱清理河流和土壤。这个可能比不上他们建岛屿的花费，但我打赌，二者的比例相当于欧洲在国防和环保开销上的比例。不要忘了我们都是中国环境现状的同谋，我们中每个人买过的中国制造便宜商品，都比买真正的可持续产品花的钱要少。

-------------译者：密室看海-审核者：后羿A射日------------

Spudnik2
China has not had decades to learn this and they are suffering.
There are always consequences to pollution. My father died of workplace related lung cancer the dust in the air killed him.
You can eat out of my garden but you need to be mindful you are eating heavy metals because of fall out from the same plant. pollution touches lives in ways you seem not to understand.

中国可没有几十年时间来学习这个，他们正在遭受苦难。
污染总会有后果。我父亲就死于肺癌，工作地点的灰尘杀了他。
你们可以吃光我院子里的所有东西，但你们需要明白你吃的其实是重金属，因为果实和重金属都从相同的植物上脱落。污染触及到生活的方方面面，你们就是不理解。

enodesign
The main components of the iphone are made in Germany .

iPhone的主要部件是德国制造。

Simon Monk
That's an extremely ignorant view of Chinese manufacturing (is the iPhone pure garbage then?) and an ignorant view that they are pure copyists (try DJI drones or weChat for example).

那是一个对中国制造业极其无知的看法（iPhone完全是垃圾吗？），和一个无知的认为他们是纯粹的模仿者的看法，比如大疆无人机和微信就很棒。

-------------译者：后羿A射日-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

JerrySavo
Can't b so bad or hospitals would b full workforce seriously impacted death rates up and birth rates impacted.
Seems to be no consequences !!

情况没有这么坏，不然医院将严重超员。死亡率将上升和出生率将下降。

Spud300
May as well not bother washing your hands after using the bathroom as there are more germs in the water than you can get from using the toilet. Have you got data to prove this? I also toured China recently we knew the water wasn't potable so drank and used bottled water to clean teeth etc. None of suffered any stomach problems yet washed our hands etc using tap water.

上完厕所还是不要洗手了，因为水里的细菌可能比你使用厕所时所接触到的还要多。你有数据支持上述结论吗？我最近去中国旅行了，我们知道中国的水不适合饮用，我们饮用、刷牙漱口的水都是用的瓶装水。但是我们同行的里面没有一个因为用自来水洗手而闹肚子的。

wampwamp
So you don't purchase any Chinese manufactured products?

所有，你们不买任何中国生产的产品咯？

-------------译者：看看世界-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

wampwamp
Because of their massively disproportionate per capita consumption of resources yes.

因为他们的人均资源消耗量不成比例。

Canajin
Are you freakin' kidding? China was a place where hundreds of millions faced starvation for 2000 years before communism was ever dreamed of.

你特码在开玩笑吗？ 在中国没有推行共产主义前，2000年以来一直有数千万人面临饥饿

Canajin
Toured China recently. The only water safe to drink in the entire country comes out of a plastic bottle. Can't even have ice in your drinks as it may not come from bottled water. May as well not bother washing your hands after using the bathroom as there are more germs in the water than you can get from using the toilet.
Don't understand why people are focused about industrial pollution as the main problem with the water is biological.

近日来到中国，全国唯一可以饮用的水就是从塑料瓶里出来的（售卖的瓶装水）。 饮料中甚至不能含冰，因为它可能不会来自瓶装水。上完厕所后也可以不用洗手，因为你洗手会比你上厕所获得更多的细菌。
不明白为什么人们关注工业污染，水的主要问题是生物制品啊。

-------------译者：太阳后裔灬送终鸡-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

JohnHawkwood
Better than dying of starvation

总比饿死了好吧

JohnHawkwood
But they really want all the free money they were promised in the Paris agreement

但他们非常想要在巴黎协定上被许诺的免费金援。

diamantez
Don't worry - China is a beacon of environmental concern as the EU and Germany have realised in their epiphanies following Trump's decision to do the unthinkable

别担心，在特朗普决定做出不可想象的决定之后，欧盟和德国已经意识到，中国是环保问题的灯塔。

-------------译者：xixidecheche-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

seekerz
The difference between The West and China isn't overall pollution. The West is responsible for a hell of a lot of pollution and in the past air quality in the UK was shockingly bad. Much worse than in modern day China. But I think the main difference is in the application of law. In the UK the government passed the Clean Air Act and within a year or two air quality improved dramatically. Water quality in the UK was killer at times till the 19th Century when there was a concerted effort to improve water quality. So in the UK and pretty much throughout The West you can drink clean water straight from the tap. You just cannot do this in China. In all western countries the drinking water supply is clean. In most western countries most rivers and lakes are not "badly"polluted and anyway accurate information about contamination is freely available. Communist China bureaucratic and controlling as it is seems unable to control the most basic fundamentals of life including access to clean water.

西方国家和中国的不同不在于污染总量上。西方对他奶奶的一堆污染有责任，而且过去英国空气质量真是吓人的糟糕，比中国现代发展时期坏多了。但我认为最重要的区别在于法律意识上。在英国，政府通过了清洁空气行动法案，然后一两年空气质量大幅度变好。过去英国水的质量就相当于毒药，直到19世纪大家共同努力提高水的质量。所以现在在英国，还有大多数西方国家，你都能直接喝水管里的清洁水，你却无法在中国这么做。在所有西方国家，饮用水是很干净的。在大多数西方国家多数河流和湖泊都没有“严重”污染，而且不管怎么样关于污染的准确信息都是可以随时知道的。共产主义中国是官僚的，而且喜欢控制，无法管理最基本的生活资源，包括清洁水源的获取。

 -------------译者：密室看海-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

ethelfrida
How about the tens of millions that will die as a result of pollution and climate change?

环境污染和气候变化的结果就是可能导致数千万人死亡。                                                                                                                                    

BirraMoretti
this is the result of economic growth being put before environmental issues - or 'red tape' as (some) brexiteers would say - and it always costs more to fix than to prevent - so the economic argument doesn't stand up either

这就是把经济增长放在环境问题之前的结果，就如某些脱欧支持者所说的"繁文缛节”。治理环境总是比保护花的钱多，所以经济论证也站不住脚。