巴塞罗那袭击：伊拉克战争与西班牙恐怖袭击爆发之间有关联吗？ [英国媒体]

Analysis: Security officials warned for a while that Spain, too, would be an arena for global jihad

分析家：安全官员警告，西班牙暂时会成为全球恐怖袭击的舞台



A number of planned attacks on the Iberian peninsula had been averted this year AFP/Getty

今年有许多计划在伊比利亚半岛实施的恐怖袭击被阻止了。法新社/盖提

The secrecy and subterfuge behind the Iraq war lixs Spain to Islamist terror. Jose Maria Aznar, the Prime Minister at the time, and his government misled the country by claiming that a devastating massacre in Madrid, a direct retaliation for the invasion, was the work of Basque separatists rather than al-Qaeda.

伊拉克战争背后的秘密和诡计将西班牙与恐怖主义联系在了一起。约瑟 玛利亚 阿斯纳尔，当时的西班牙首相，通过声称在马德里发生的毁灭性屠杀是巴斯克分裂主义分子而不是基地组织对入侵的直接报复，误导了整个国家。

Mr Aznar had backed George W Bush and Tony Blair in the conflict which is now recognised as a catalyst for the upsurge in jihad which continues to this day. The coordinated attack on commuter trains at the Spanish capital in March 2004, killing 192 people and wounding 1,800, remains the deadliest terrorist attack on Europe this century and was among the first of the murderous backlash.

阿斯纳尔先生曾在冲突中支持乔治布什和托尼布莱尔，而现在这一冲突被认为是持续到现在的圣战的催化剂。2004年3月，西班牙马德里的通勤列车发生了一起恐怖袭击，造成192人死亡，1800人受伤。这是本世纪欧洲发生的最致命的恐怖袭击，也是恐怖分子的第一次残酷报复行动。

Spain had escaped the worst of the Islamist terror attacks suffered by other European states since then. Some government ministers had claimed that this was due to the experience in confronting the Basque militants of ETA over decades and also because the country’s Muslim population was relatively assimilated.

从那时起西班牙已经多次逃过了其他欧洲国家正在遭受的恐怖袭击。一些政府部长声称这是由于过去几十年西班牙政府在对抗巴斯克武装分子——埃塔中积累了大量经验，也因为该国MSL人口相当程度上已被同化。
埃塔组织

A similar conceit had existed, to an extent, in the UK with its experience with the IRA and a similar view about the Muslim population before this was blown away by the 7/7 bombings and the atrocities which followed.
Security officials had been warning for a while that Spain, too, would be an arena for global jihad. The Iberian peninsula, which was under Moorish rule from the early 8th to the end of the 15th century, features regularly in Isis and al-Qaeda messages as Muslim land stolen by Christians which should be a primary target for retribution. One recent Isis exhortation was for assaults on tourist venues using guns, bombs and trucks.

在某种程度上英国也有类似的经验，它与爱尔兰共和军对抗多年，在7.7爆炸事件以及相应暴行发生前对MSL人口也持相似看法。安全官员一直在警告西班牙也会成为全球恐怖袭击的舞台。伊比利亚半岛从8世纪到15世纪末一直都处于摩尔人的统治之下，IS和基地组织常发表声明称伊比利亚半岛是被基督徒窃取走的MSL土地，应该成为复仇的首要目标。一份最近IS的迅训诫是要求信徒用枪支，炸弹和自爆卡车袭击旅游场所。

A number of planned attacks had been averted, including one three months ago by two men of Moroccan origin who were allegedly planning to use vehicles and explosives in Madrid. One of them had sought to get a licence for a specific type of truck, the same as the one used to murder 86 people in Nice on Bastille Day last year. Another suspect detained five months earlier had also said he wanted to emulate what happened at Nice.

一大群计划中的恐怖袭击已经被避免，其中包括3个月前两名摩洛哥裔男子计划用车辆和炸弹在马德里实施袭击。其中一人曾寻求获得一辆特定类型的卡车牌照，就像去年在巴士底狱谋杀86人一样。另一名5个月前被拘留的嫌疑人也表示，他想效仿尼斯发生的袭击。

Europol figures show that Spain had the second highest number of Islamist terrorist arrests, with 187, in 2015. France was top with 424. However, the Muslim community make up 2.1 per cent of the population in Spain compared to 7.5 per cent in France.

欧洲刑警组织数据显示，2015年，西班牙逮捕的恐怖分子人数位居第二，为187人。法国位居榜首，424名。然而，MSL社区人口仅占西班牙人口的2.1%，而法国为7.5%。

As in other countries, there has been increasing evidence in Spain that prisons had become recruiting ground for jihad. According to reports in Spain some of those who plotted the Barcelona and Cambrils attacks had previous criminal convictions.

与其他国家一样，西班牙有越来越多的证据表明监狱已经成为恐怖袭击人员的招募场所。西班牙报道，一些策划了巴塞罗那和坎布里尔斯袭击事件的人曾有过犯罪前科。

A study by academics from the University of Granada and officials from the unx of Prisons found that: “The activities of jihadist recruiters are not curtailed once they are arrested and deprived of their liberties but can be continued within penitentiary institutions. Radical extremists are able to carry out various activities within prison walls, indoctrinate, generate group identity, legitimise terrorism… Activities that may be considered favourable for Islamist radicalism and recruitment.”

格拉纳达大学和监狱联盟官员进行的一项研究发现:“一旦被逮捕并被剥夺了自由，恐怖分子招募人员的活动也不会受到限制，可以继续在监狱机构内进行。”激进的极端分子能够在监狱开展各种活动,灌输,产生群体认同,合法化恐怖袭击…恐怖主义活动被认为有利于激进主义发展和人员招聘。”

There are now additional pressures on public safety. Around 170 Spanish Muslims have gone to fight in Syria. This is a lower number than some other European states, but the whereabouts of most of them are unknown. In addition the security agencies say they are monitoring 1,100 people with extremist views. The country is also receiving large numbers of refugees from North Africa with 9,000 arriving in the last eight months, three times as many as last year. Although the vast majority are genuinely seeking refugee status there are indications, say security officials, that Isis, as it loses its bases in Libya, is trying to infiltrate fighters.

现在公共安全也有了额外的压力。大约170西班牙MSL已经去往叙利亚参战。与一些其他欧洲国家参战人数相比西班牙人数较少，但是大部分参战者下落不明。此外安全部门表示他们正在监视1100名与极端主义相关的人。过去8个月，这个国家也一直在接受来自北非的9000名难民，人数是去年的3倍。安全官员表示，尽管证据显示大部分人只是是为了寻求难民地位，在利比亚逐渐失去根基的    ISIS也在试图派遣战士渗入西班牙。

Spain announced in 2015 that it would not join the US-led air campaign against Isis in Iraq and Syria. It has an army training team in Iraq but its members do not take part in combat.

2015年西班牙宣布，它不会参加美国领导的对伊拉克和叙利亚ISIS的空袭。它在伊拉克拥有部队在训练军队但不参与战斗。

In 2003 the Aznar government had sent a small force to join the Iraq invasion. Twelve years later Mr Aznar was claiming that “in terms of international support for our goals, Spain emerged a winner”. In 2005 a Spanish parliamentary panel investigating the Madrid bombing concluded that the Aznar government had “manipulated” and “twisted” information to blame the Basques rather than al-Qaeda for the attacks.

2003年阿斯纳尔政府派遣了一小队部队参与了入侵伊拉克。12之后阿斯纳尔先生声称“在国际社会支持我们的目标方面西班牙是赢家”。2005年调查马德里爆炸案的西班牙议会小组得出结论，称阿斯纳尔政府“操纵”和“扭曲”了信息，将袭击归咎于巴斯克人而不是基地组织。

General Francisco Jose Gan, a former head of the intelligence service, spoke in May of the Basque factor in facing the security threat: “I do not say Spain is safe. I say it is better prepared because we learnt in a very traumatic way.” ETA  announced in April this year that it has disarmed and will not take up weapons again. But as the attacks on Thursday have shown, the trauma from terrorism is not about to end.

弗朗西斯科 约瑟 加恩将军，情报部门前领导，在5月在面对巴斯克的安全威胁会议中声称：“我不能说西班牙是安全的。我们只能以受伤的方式学习如何做好面对恐怖袭击的准备”埃塔在今年4月宣布，它将解除武装不会再拿起武器。但是周二的袭击已经显示来自恐怖袭击的伤害没有尽头。



stanm
From 1950 to 1980 if I heard of a terrorist attack it had to be the Irish.There were no muslim terror atrocities .We should blame both Bushes , Blair and Howard for this retaliation because we in the west terrorised the peoples of the middle east with no justification other than we wanted the oil on their lands .

从1950年到1980年如果我听说了有恐怖袭击，一定是爱尔兰人干的。那时没有MSL恐怖袭击。我们应该为这次报复行动谴责布什，布莱尔和霍华德，因为在西方的我们恐吓中东人民，除了我们想要石油在他们的土地上之外，没有任何理由。

AngloEuropean
I think here in the West, almost everybody agrees that the war in Iraq and the continuous meddling in the Middle East is wrong: if you stop someone in the street and ask him/her :"Do you agree with the invasion of Iraq", I am sure that 95% of the people will say: "No". In fact at the time there were MASSIVE demonstrations against the war in Iraq. So as we are so careful not to blame "The Muslims" for any terrorist attack we should be equally careful not to blame "The West" for the war(s) that some tens of thousands of people organised from the White House and the different governments.

我认为在西方，几乎所有人都认同发动伊拉克战争与持续干涉中东局势是错误的：如果你在街道上拦停一个路人并问他：“你同意入侵伊拉克吗”，我确定95%的人会说：“不”。事实上当时有很多反对伊拉克战争的大型游行。因此，当我们如此小心翼翼地不把任何恐怖袭击归咎于“穆斯林”时，我们应该同样小心不要把战争归咎于“西方”，因为只有成千上万来自白宫和其他政府的人支持战争。

Now Let's apply the same approach of this article, but the other way round. Let's say that I am an Iraqi reporter, reporting about the invasion of my own country, and I am talking with people whose family has been slaughtered by US bombing.

现在让我们应用同样的方法看待这篇文章，但是反过来。假设我是一名伊拉克记者，报道了我自己国家受到入侵，正在与被美国炸弹轰炸的家庭成员交谈。

Iraqi Victim: "I am so sorry, everything has been destroyed"Iraqi reporter: "I know, we condemn bombing BUT we have to look within ourselves to understand why some Americans have been radicalised to such an extent that they want to bomb us"Iraqi victim: "I don't care, I hate Americans, they killed my whole family"Iraqi reporter: "You see, it's this kind of generalisation that promotes the hate that then result in your family get bombed. If you had been more lovely and compassionate and if you had tried harder to understand the American way of life, your family would still be alive"This is how these articles sound to many of us in the West.

伊拉克受害者：“我很难过，一切都被毁了”伊拉克记者：“我知道，我们谴责轰炸但是我们必须在自身寻找答案去理解为什么一些美国人会如此激进以至于想轰炸我们。”伊拉克受害者：“我不关心这个问题，我很美国人，他们杀了我全家人。”伊拉克记者：“你看，就是这个原因激起了仇恨，最终导致了你的家人受到轰炸。如果你变得更友好更有同情心，能尝试去理解美国人的生活，你的家人就还会活着。”这就是这些文章在西方表达的观点。

rosemary
Spain needs to stop allowing Moroccans to enter the country. 

西班牙需要停止接受摩洛哥人移民到这个国家。

Great scott
Have we ever thought that people are just [email protected] don't care who they kill and they don't care how many... Why does the media continually give bed wetter types excuses for these savages

我们想过他们只是恐怖分子吗？他们不关心杀了谁，杀了多少。。为什么媒体总是为这些野蛮人找借口呢？

Hendrik
"The West is to blame" ... it didn't take long for the indy to produce an article blaming the West, and of course not blaming is-lam for these terror attacks.How utterly disgusting.

“西方应受谴责”...印第安人写文章谴责西方到现在也没多久，却不能因为恐怖袭击谴责YSL教。多么令人作呕啊。

Paintman2014
The caliphate ideology has been around long before the invasions of Iraq , Afghanistan, the jihadis thinking goes back to conquests and history we have long moved on from , such as Seville, Rome, the last battle. Something we don't even think about in our daily chores. There caliph from the Far East and the ending in Spain is the dream utopia, Isis ideology goes deeper that just chopping a guys head off , read about their thinking it's medi but in the 21st century.

哈里发意识形态在入侵伊拉克，阿富汗之前就存在很久了。圣战思想又回到了我们长期以来的征服历史中，比如塞维利亚，罗马，最后一场战役。在我们的日常杂务中，我们甚至没有想到这些东西。在那时来自远东的哈里发和在西班牙的结局是梦想中的乌托邦。Isis的意识形态更深入，只是砍下一个人的脑袋读取他们的想法，但这是中世纪的思想，但出现在了在21世纪。

Rupert
Only partially correct. There are many other contributing factors: Expulsion of Moors from Andalucia 1000 years ago, colonial wars in North Africa, and the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla. But in truth it's just the global rise of Islamic fanaticism versus a prosperous and dominant world of unbelievers that is responsible.

只是部分正确。还有其他因素导致了袭击：1000年前被驱逐出安达卢西亚的摩尔人，北非的殖民战争，西班牙的休达和梅利利亚飞地。但事实上，这只是YSL狂热全球崛起的一部分，而不是一个一个繁荣的不信者主导的世界。

Frank Spring
Change the history and skewer it to suit your bizarre agenda! The apologists who say our intervention in the Middle East is the problem have it back to front. We assisted getting rid of brutal dictators who often suppressed their muslim populations. They have now broken free and this is the thanks we get. We helped them do their dirty work in their places..gave them homes in the west and this is the thanks. Big error all round. One, trying to make their homelands western democracies. Two, bringing them here to assimilate them. Look at the reality.

改变历史，把历史串联起来以适应你的奇怪论点。那些说我们对中东的干预是产生问题的解释者已经从后台走到了前面。我们帮助那些常被压迫的MSL人口摆脱了残暴的独裁者。现在他们已经自由了，这却是我们得到的感谢。我们帮助他们在当地做脏活。在西方给了他们一个家，这就是我们得到的感谢。大错特错。第一，试图让他们的祖国成为西方民主国家。第二，把他们带到这里来同化他们。看看现实吧。

ColinDorset
And what's the reason for Finland then or Sweden or Belgium for that matter ? Any armies there fighting Muslims you tw#t?!

芬兰，瑞典，比利时为什么会出这种事？没有军队与恐怖分子作战吗？  

And how does this explain the Rotherham child grooming, the honor killings among Muslims, the FMG, the mysoginy, homophobia, all connected to western faults?!

这如何解释罗瑟勒姆儿童性侵，MSL的荣誉杀戮，FMG,厌女症，同性恋恐惧症，都与西方的错误有关吗?

Do you think these ignorant ars#s know anything about history, art and science? They follow their imams conspiracy theories coupled with the hate and intolerance received in the community.

你觉得这些无辜的MSL知道历史，艺术和科学吗？他们追随伊玛母的阴谋理论，再加上社区里受到的仇恨和偏见。

Londoner
And still we wait for those who brought terrorism to Europe, while exporting it to Iraq and justifying it in Palestine. to be charged and to appear at The Hague. Meanwhile Blair, Bush et al lead lives of wealth and luxury and are still granted access to the media worldwide.

我们仍在接受那些将恐怖主义带到欧洲的人，同时将他们出口到伊拉克，并在巴勒斯坦为他们辩护。被指控并出现在海牙。与此同时，布莱尔、布什等领导人仍生活在财富和奢侈品中，还控着全球媒体。

HimIndoors
The conflict between Spain and the world of Islam goes back centuries (rather like the England/Ireland analogy),. however, there can be no doubt that the tragic Iraq debacle has been a catalyst for recent atrocities (including the growth of ISIS).

西班牙和YSL世界的矛盾持续了数个世纪（更像是英格兰与爱尔兰关系的类比）。但毫无疑问的誓，发生在伊拉克的悲剧是最近暴行(包括ISIS的增长)的催化剂。

Perhaps a gesture of conciliation by the Spanish authorities would be for the people, or even the king, of Spain to petition the pope to excommunicate Tony Blair?

也许西班牙当局会采取一种和解姿态，让西班牙的人民，甚至是国王向教皇请愿以逐出托尼·布莱尔?