日本：中国给予阿富汗军事援助的背后是什么？ [日本媒体]

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China’s concerns about Afghan stability are real, but direct military aid will remain limited.

中国确实关心阿富汗的稳定性，但是直接的军事援助仍将有限。



China has offered to expand its military aid to Afghanistan, the Wall Street Journal reports, following a visit to the country by a top Chinese general. Outlook Afghanistan put the total value of the proffered military aid at 480 renminibi ($73 million).

华尔街日报报道，在一名中国高级将领访问阿富汗后，中国表示向阿富汗扩大其军事援助。阿富汗展望报表示该军事援助总额为4亿8千万人民币（7千3百万美金）。

-------------译者：菜鸟饭-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The offer came during a visit to Afghanistan by General Fang Fenghui, chief of China’s joint staff department, last week. During a meeting with Afghan President Ashraf Ghani, Fang expressed his hope for increased cooperation on security and counter-terrorism. That apparently includes the potential for military supplies from China. The exact nature of the supplies has yet to be determined, a spokesperson for the Afghan Defense Ministry told WSJ. However, he suggested that Afghanistan’s “wish list” might ask for light weapons, aircraft parts, and uniforms from Beijing – all limited contributions, fitting the limited budget.

该提议是在房峰辉将军（中央军委联合参谋部参谋长)访问阿富汗时达成的。在会见阿富汗总统时，房将军表示他希望增加双方在安全和反恐方面的合作。其中包括潜在的中国军事物资供给。阿富汗国防部发言人告诉华尔街日报，具体的供给种类有待确定。不管怎样，他暗示阿富汗的愿望名单可能要求北京提供轻武器，飞机配件，和军服——所有限量供给满足有限的预算。

-------------译者：菜鸟饭-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Historically, China has not provided much in the way of military aid to Afghanistan, preferring to limit itself to humanitarian and economic aid (and only a modest amount, at that). When China does offer military aid, as it did during a meeting between Ghani and President Xi Jinping last summer, Beijing general limits such assistance to training and general supplies rather than transfers of offensive weapons. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute’s Arms Transfers Database, for instance, does not have any record of any major Chinese arms deals with Afghanistan since 2001 (although the database excludes deals involving small arms and light weapons).

历史上，中国并没有提供过太多军事援助给阿富汗，中国偏向将援助限制于人道主义和经济方面的（而且只提供适当的数量）。 当中国开始军事援助时（去年夏天习近平会见阿富汗总统加尼)，北京总体限制该援助用于训练和一般性补给而非运送进攻性武器。斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究机构武器运输数据库，显示并没有任何关于中国在2001年以后和阿富汗达成武器协议的记录（尽管该数据库不包含小型军火和轻武器交易记录）。

-------------译者：菜鸟饭-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

But the lack of military transfers shouldn’t suggest that China isn’t concerned about Afghan security – it most emphatically is. Beijing is particularly worried that instability in Afghanistan provides a safe haven for Uyghur militant groups, who might seek to conduct attacks within China in pursuit of an independent Xinjiang. Even if violence in Afghanistan doesn’t spill over into China, it could jeopardize prospects for China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, Xi’s signature foreign policy initiative.

但是缺少武器运输不应意味着中国不关心阿富汗的安全形势（北京确实是最关心阿富汗安全问题的）。 北京特别担心阿富汗的不稳定局势会给维吾尔族武装组织提供生存空间（该组织可能会为寻求新疆独立而在中国进行恐怖袭击）即使阿富汗的暴力行为并不会扩散到中国，可它会妨碍中国丝绸之路经济带的繁荣发展（新丝绸经济带也是习近平外交政策倡议的代表）

-------------译者：菜鸟饭-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

On Thursday, at a panel discussion with representatives from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region on the sidelines of the annual National People’s Congress session, Chinese Premier Li Keiqang reminded officials that Xinjiang “is of strategic importance for the country’s overall situation,” according to Xinhua’s paraphrasing. Li urged the Xinjiang deputies to promote development in the province in order to “consolidate the foundation of lasting stability” – but domestic development will only go so far if instability continues to reign in neighboring Afghanistan.

根据新华社报道，本周二，在全国人民代表大会的专题讨论会上李克强总理向新疆维吾尔自治区的代表们表达了新疆在中国战略全局的重要性。李克强总理敦促新疆代表们在省内宣传发展来巩固持久稳定的基础——但是如果周邻区域的阿富汗持续不稳定，国内发展也将很到此为止。

-------------译者：菜鸟饭-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

To date, though, China’s strategy for ensuring stability in Afghanistan has been to throw its diplomatic weight behind peace talks between the government in Kabul and the Taliban. By nudging its ally Pakistan to encourage Taliban participation, Beijing hopes to finally reach a negotiated solution that will see the Taliban lay down their arms in exchange for integration into the political system. But the Chinese-backed peace talks have been no more successful so far than previous attempts. Last year’s talks ended abruptly due to a leadership succession crisis in the Taliban; this year, the Taliban have emphatically announced that they have no plans to participate in renewed talks.

迄今为止，中国确保阿富汗稳定局势的策略不过就是通过对喀布尔和塔利班政府之间的和平谈判施加政治影响。北京通过示意自己的盟友巴基斯坦去鼓励塔利班参与和谈并期盼最终达成塔利班放弃武力来交换参与政治体系合作的解决方案。但是这个中国支持的和平谈判到目前为止并未取得比上次尝试更多的成果。去年的谈话因为塔利班内部领导权交接危机而意外终止；今年塔利班着重强调他们没有参与新和谈的计划。

-------------译者：菜鸟饭-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The promise of military aid to Afghanistan may be China’s way of responding to the lack of progress on its preferred diplomatic track. When it comes to counter-terrorism abroad, China’s strategy is to help build up domestic capabilities in at-risk nations; Fang’s recent offer to Afghanistan fits that pattern. But when it comes to Afghanistan, China will have to strike a delicate balance, or its aid to Kabul could destroy Beijing’s ties with the Taliban (and jeopardize the already ailing peace process).

对阿富汗承诺军事援助可能是中国在自己所优先考虑的外交解决方式没有进展时作出的反应。当面临海外反恐时，中国的战略是在陷入危机的国家帮助当地政府增强应对能力;房将军最近的提议就符合这一模式。但当面对阿富汗时，中国将不得不保持一个微妙的平衡，否则中国的援助会破坏北京同塔利班的关系（并且破坏已经境况不佳的和平进程）。