经济学人：伦敦的穆斯林市长 [英国媒体]

London’s new mayor

伦敦新市长

SadiqKhan takes the hot seat in London

萨迪克·汗坐上了伦敦最炙手可热的位置

CitizenKhan takes over

市民汗接任


  
DURINGthe first election campaign for the mayor of London in 2000, the debate centredon whether Britain needed city mayors with executive powers at all. As Labour’sSadiq Khan takes over the post, after defeating his Conservative opponent, ZacGoldsmith, on May 5th, no one is arguing about that any more. Enthusiasm formayors has spread. More than a dozen have been elected across England and morecities will follow suit next year.

在2000年第一次伦敦市长选战期间，争论的焦点集中在英国是否需要让市长拥有行政管理权。在工党的萨迪克汗于5月5日击败保守党对手扎克·哥德史密斯接管职位后，没有人再争论这些了。人们对选市长的热情开始蔓延。英格兰已有十几个城市举行选举，而明年将会有更多城市仿效。

Unlikehis counterparts in America and Europe, the amount of hands-on power that MrKhan will enjoy is limited. He is responsible for transport and oversees theMetropolitan Police force. He can recommend a housing strategy for a city thatis desperately short of homes—but any major decision needs the approval of thecentral government.

和他的美国欧洲同行不同，萨迪克汗能享受的直接决断权力是有限的。他为运输部门负责，他监督首都警察部队，他也可以为紧缺住房的城市推荐住房策略，但任何重大决策都需要中央政府的批准。

Whenhe needs extra money above an annual budget of £17 billion ($24.5 billion) formore police or an expansion of the city’s railway, he has to ask the chancellorof the exchequer. Those negotiations proved tough for his predecessor, BorisJohnson, an ebullient Tory. Mr Khan will face the trickier task of being aLabour mayor trying to extract money from a Conservative chancellor, who may bereluctant to pay for Labour ideas.

当他因为需要更多警力或扩展城市铁路而要求超出年度预算170亿英镑（245亿美元）的额外资金时，他必须请求英国财政大臣。不过他的前任，热情洋溢的保守党人鲍里斯约翰逊，证明了这样的谈判是十分艰难的。萨迪克汗将面临一个棘手的任务，就是作为一个工党市长要从保守党大臣那里获得资金，而保守党大臣可能并不愿意为工党的想法买单。

Thebig theme of Mr Khan’s campaign was a pledge to build 80,000 affordable homes ayear, half of which he wants to be at a “genuinely affordable” price. Giventhat Mr Johnson, who cultivated a close relationship with house builders, nevermanaged to deliver more than 24,000 new residences a year, this target lookswildly ambitious.

萨迪克汗选举提出的一个重要内容就是承诺每年建80000套经济适用房，他希望其中一半都是“真正实惠”的价格。考虑到与住宅建筑商有着良好关系的鲍里斯·约翰逊都从来没有计划一年交付超过24000套住宅，这个目标看上去野心勃勃。

Thenewcomer also inherits some of the same headaches that preoccupied Mr Johnsonand Ken Livingstone, the first mayor, who served two terms from 2000 to 2008.London’s congestion zones have had only modest success in preventing gridlockin the centre. The construction of cycle lanes, a passion of Mr Johnson, hasslowed down traffic flow, leaving two-and four-wheeled Londoners shouting ateach other. But Mr Khan is sensitive to the accusation that driving in Londonis expensive: a fee of £11.50 ($17) a day is levied for doing so. His proposedsolutions are more shared car clubs and promoting greener ways of travelling. 

新市长还从前任市长鲍里斯·约翰逊和第一任市长肯·利文斯通（2000-2008年连任两届）那里继承了一些令他们心事重重的头疼问题。在伦敦的拥堵地区仅仅取得了在市中心地区防止交通大拥堵发生的小小成功。源于鲍里斯约翰逊本人对自行车的热情，他建设的自行车专用道降低了交通流量，留下两轮车和四轮车上的伦敦人互相对骂。有谴责说伦敦的驾驶花费太高昂了：每天都要征收11.5英镑（17美元）的费用，萨迪克汗对此很敏锐。他提出的解决方案是建立更多共享汽车俱乐部，并促进绿色出行方式。

Althoughhis powers fall a long way short of those enjoyed by a New York mayor, Mr Khanstill has some levers to pull. The mayor of London has a powerful bully pulpitat home and abroad. Mr Livingstone used it to promote pet left-wing causes. MrJohnson emphasised the role of wealth creation and sought to forge keenerbusiness links with Asian cities.

尽管萨迪克汗的权力比起纽约市长小得多，他仍然有一些手段能够帮助他。伦敦市长无论在国内外都坐拥影响力巨大的一流演讲平台。利文斯通用它来推进亲左翼的理想。约翰逊强调创造财富的作用，并寻求与亚洲城市建立更积极的商业联系。

Alawyer by background, Mr Khan was treated to rough tactics during the campaign,when his Conservative opponents highlighted legal work he had done for allegedIslamic extremists and his appearances with them on political platforms. Thetactics did not sway Londoners: City Hall can celebrate its first Muslim,non-white mayor, especially poignant at a time when Europe is grappling withterror threats and political populism.

作为一个有律师背景的人，萨迪克汗在选战期间被以粗暴的手段对待。他的保守党对手强调他为可疑的伊斯兰极端主义分子做的合法努力，以及他与这些人在公众平台上的露面。这些手段并没有动摇伦敦人：市政府可以为它的第一个穆斯林、非白人市长而庆祝，尤其是在这样一个欧洲与恐怖威胁和政治民粹做斗争的痛苦时刻。

Hewill need to learn quickly about international affairs—comments he made inFebruary praising Istanbul’s vibrancy sounded like an endorsement of theauthoritarian policies of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the country’s president. 

他需要尽快学习国际事务——他二月份的一段言论称赞了伊斯坦布尔的活力，听起来像是对土耳其总统埃尔多安的专制政策表示认可。

MrKhan’s biggest challenge, however, will be at home. London’s wealth, confidenceand ease with ethnic diversity have created an invisible moat, separating itfrom the rest of the country. Mr Khan reminded voters of his humble origins asthe son of a bus driver and the potential of London as a springboard for socialmobility. “Citizen Khan” sculpted a campaign that appealed to the anxious, theless affluent and those uneasy about London’s more glaring inequalities. MrJohnson, while in office, tried to get approval for a new bridge across theRiver Thames. It would be a good idea for the new face in City Hall to buildsome bridges with the rest of Britain, too.

不过，萨迪克汗最大的挑战还将在国内。伦敦的财富、信心以及种族多样性的自然，已经建立了一道无形的护城河，将之与其他地区相隔离。萨迪克汗提醒选民他自己作为公交车司机儿子的卑微出身以及伦敦作为一个社会阶层流动跳板的潜力。 “市民汗”塑造的活动吸引了焦虑的、不富裕的以及对伦敦愈发不平等而感到不安的人群。鲍里斯·约翰逊在任的时候试图获批建设一座横跨泰晤士河的桥梁。或许建立一些通向伦敦与其他地方的”桥梁”对这个市政厅的新面孔来说，也是个好点子。



AshbirdMay 7th, 09:29
"CityHall can celebrate its first Muslim, non-white mayor, especially poignant at atime when Europe is grappling with terror threats and political populism."
Quiteamazing! Personally, I think Londoners should be proud. One trusts this Muslimis not an Islamic Fundamentalist and will not impose Sharia Law as London'smayor within the secular power - the only power - he has and can exercise.Perhaps myth-busting is the first thing in order for the new mayor. After that,the bridges, figurative and literal.

“市政府可以为它的第一个穆斯林、非白人市长而庆祝，尤其是在这样一个欧洲与恐怖威胁和政治民粹做斗争的痛苦时刻。”
相当惊人！就个人而言，我觉得应该感到自豪。相信这个穆斯林不是伊斯兰原教旨主义者，而且不会把伊斯兰教法强加于人，而单纯的作为伦敦市长行使世俗权力——他唯一有并且可以行使的权力。也许打破神话是新市长要做的第一件事。在那之后才是桥梁，无论是字面上的还是比喻的。

Oesioijin reply to ashbird May 7th, 12:53
Ohmy, how splendid, they did it! They proved that not all muslims are Jihadists!And all it took was electing a muslim mayor of London!
IfMr. Khan is going to engage in building "bridges", maybe he shouldstart by dealing with the 52% of British muslims who think homosexuality shouldbe illegal, 20% who think there should be Sharia law zones in the UK, and the23% who think MI5 is responsible for radicalizing Jihad John because theyharassed him. There's also the lovely fact that 87% of British muslims believeno publication should be allowed to publish a picture making fun of Mohammad.
http://www.icmunlimited.com/polls/icm-muslims-survey-for-channel-4/
Hm.Funny, we here in the US have had plenty of immigrants, and none of themrequired some centralized effort to "build bridges" in order to stopterror attacks. Wonder why your guys's problem is so unique. Maybe you're notgiving these folks enough welfare. Or it's discriminatory housing practices. Orthe conservative media (Rupert Murdoch) over-exaggerating the threat ofJihadists. Definitely not the fault of the immigrants themselves.

哦我的天哪，多棒啊，他们做到了！他们证明了不是所有的穆斯林都是圣战者！仅仅需要选个穆斯林伦敦市长就办到喽！
如果萨迪克·汗准备参与建设“桥梁”，或许他要先处理一下这些：52%的英国穆斯林支持定同性恋为非法，20%希望在英国建立实行伊斯兰教法的区域，还有23%认为军情五处骚扰了圣战约翰，所以要对他变得激进而负责。（圣战约翰：出生于科威特，英国籍，毕业于西敏大学。加入伊斯兰国后以斩首方式处决了美国记者詹姆斯·佛利、英国人道工作者大卫·海恩斯、日本军火商汤川遥菜等多名人质。2015年11月12日被美军无人机炸死。）还有一个令人愉快的事实就是87%的英国穆斯林认为没有任何出版物可以被允许发布恶搞默罕默德的图片。
http://www.icmunlimited.com/polls/icm-muslims-survey-for-channel-4/
嗯，好笑的是，我们美国这里有大量的移民，而且他们没人被要求集中精力去为了阻止恐怖袭击而”建设桥梁“。想知道为什么你们的问题这么独特么？或许因为你没有给这些人足够的福利，或者是这些住房政策在实施过程中存在歧视，又或者是保守媒体（默多克）过分夸大了圣战分子的威胁。反正无论如何不会是他们这些移民自己的错。

Ashbirdin reply to ashbird May 7th, 10:15
Asimple Google search reveals Mr Khan’s views on issues such as the use of hijabin London: 14 April 2016, "Sadiq Khan says there is 'question to be asked'about use of hijabs in London". The Guardian; AND, the integration ofMuslims in British society: 17 September 2008, "Fairness, not favours, forMuslims". TheGuardian
Certainlymyth-busting and worth a look for folks who believe all Muslims live to kill.

谷歌一下就能知道萨迪克汗在诸如伦敦的头巾使用上这种问题的观点：卫报，2016年4月14日，萨迪克汗说在伦敦使用头巾是一个“需要被提到的问题”。还有关于穆斯林融入英国社会的：卫报，2008年9月17日，”对穆斯林公平，没有偏袒“。

MrR.Fox May 7th, 15:49
Japaneseunderstand it better than WASPs do - a relatively small society is doomedunless it protects its ethnic/cultural identity from the less advanced massesthat seek to invade and overwhelm it.
Voicesin the US are coming around to appreciate the merit of the Japanese way (butit's too late for us and for Europe too) -
http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/04/globalization-japan-terro...

日本人要比WASP（白人盎格鲁萨克逊新教徒）们理解的更好——一个相对较小的社会很容易毁灭，除非它保护自身的民族/文化的独特性免受那些意图侵入并淹没这些独特性的外来落后群体影响。
美国的舆论已经开始领会到日本这一方式的优越性（但对我们和欧洲都太晚了）
http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/04/globalization-japan-terror-insularity-213807

MrR.Fox May 7th, 09:05
Lettingthe camel get its nose into the tent was the seminal error ... everything elseflowed naturally from that, and was entirely predictable.

让骆驼的鼻子进入帐篷就是一个影响深远的错误。。。一切将会从此顺理成章地发生，而且是完全可以预见的。

Moranya Simba in reply to MrR.Fox May 7th, 16:01
"Japaneseunderstand it better than WASPs do - a relatively small society is doomedunless it protects its ethnic/cultural identity from the less advanced massesthat seek to invade and overwhelm it."
Yourcommon sense comment is, of course, slandered as 'intrinsically racist'.However, it is how all enduring civilizations have behaved throughout history.The issue is not whether you 'hate other ppl b/c of their skin color' butsimply that you do not necessarily wish to see your society changed beyondrecognition. That the former position is sufficient to make you a 'racist' tomany, shows how meaningless that term is now. Despite genuine racism being adeplorable and wicked vice.

“日本人要比WASP（白人盎格鲁萨克逊新教徒）们理解的更好——一个相对较小的社会很容易毁灭，除非它保护自身的民族/文化的独特性免受那些意图侵入并淹没这些独特性的外来落后群体影响。”
你的这个常识般的评论毫无疑问可以被诬蔑为“本质上的种族主义者”。但是，它就是历史长河中那些历久弥新的文明所做的。问题不在于你因为他们的肤色而恨这些人，而仅仅是你不一定希望你看到的社会变得面目全非。对很多人来说，前一个观点足以把你变成一个“种族主义者”，也说明了现在这个词多么没有意义。尽管真正的种族主义是可悲和邪恶的恶行。

Opubo May 7th, 17:51
Ican't believe I'm shocked at the incessant anti-islamic statements on thisplatform.

我不敢相信我会被经济学人上此起彼伏的反伊斯兰言论震惊。

Moranya Simba in reply to opubo May 7th, 18:10
"Ican't believe I'm shocked at the incessant anti-islamic statements on thisplatform."
Yes,what on earth could have made ppl skeptical of Islam. Certainly not 9/11, 7/7,'grooming' gangs, Lee Rigby's murder, a similar incident in Canada, ISIS,Cologne's 'adventurous' start of the new year, sharia patrols in London, crimestatistics by ethnic (religious) origin, the history of formerly non-Islamicplaces such as Western Hindustan (current Pakistan), Persia, Egypt orIndonesia, personal experiences or, for that matter, this guyhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwIXBRZi2jE
I'msorry, I find naive, PC-brainwashed "Islam means peace" FOOLS likeyou increasingly intolerable. When Islamic supremacists come to cut off yourhead or rape your daughter do be sure to tell them that you're "one of thegoodie good guys, not at all racist or 'islamophobic'". I'm sure that willwork wonders for you.

“我不敢相信我会被经济学人上此起彼伏的反伊斯兰言论震惊。“
是啊，世界上有什么东西能让人们怀疑伊斯兰教呢。肯定不是911,7/7（2005年7月7日伦敦发生多起爆炸事件，导致52人死亡，700多人受伤），“疏导”团伙（2001年以来英国通过法律严格禁止种族和宗教仇恨，导致穆斯林性侵犯女童有恃无恐，成为严重的社会问题），李·里格比谋杀案（25岁的英国陆军皇家近卫团乐队鼓手，下班后被两名尼日利亚裔英国穆斯林用菜刀杀死，两人称行凶原因是英国军队杀害穆斯林），加拿大的类似事件、ISIS、科隆在新年伊始的“冒险”，伦敦的伊斯兰教法巡逻队，按种族（宗教）统计犯罪的由来，还有历史上非伊斯兰教的地方比如西印度斯坦（现在的巴基斯坦），波斯，埃及和印度尼西亚，个人经历或者，就这件事而论的这个家伙：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwIXBRZi2jE（袭击查理周刊事件，一个激进的穆斯林阿訇对袭击事件表示肯定，并和福克斯的主持人各执一词，激烈争锋）
我很抱歉，我觉得政治正确的洗脑“伊斯兰是和平的” 很幼稚，像你这样的脑残越来越让我不能忍受。当伊斯兰至上主义者来砍了你的头或是或是强奸了你的女儿的时候，务必告诉他们你“也是个希望通过帮别人忙获取性回报的家伙，不是所有人都是种族主义者和伊斯兰恐惧症患者”。我相当确定这句话能让你创造奇迹。

InternationalNorm in reply to Moran ya Simba May 7th, 17:46
Liberalsdon't allow people to have and protect their own cultural identity. You'relabeled as "racist" and are considered socially unacceptable if youdo.

自由主义者不允许人们拥有和保护他们自己的文化身份。如果你这么做，你会被标记为“种族主义者”并被认为在全社会中都不被接纳。

PalinkaMay 7th, 20:50
Whythis obsession with his religion (he could be a non-believer too)?
WasBoris Johnson's ' religious affiliation ' an issue? How about Tony Blair's, orCameron's?

为什么你们要这么痴迷于他的宗教？（他换成无神论者也成立）
鲍里斯·约翰逊的“宗教信仰”是个问题吗？那么托尼布莱尔呢？卡梅伦呢？

Carlingford2in reply to Palinka May 7th, 21:13
Thevast number of Muslims stay true to their faith, and it is a VERY differentfaith and culture. So one has to be especially vigilant.

数量庞大的穆斯林都忠于自己的信仰，而且这是非常不同的信念和文化。所以必须要特别警惕。

ReasonOver DogmaMay 7th, 20:22
Welcometo Londonistan.
AllahSave The Queen!

欢迎来到伦敦斯坦。
安拉保佑女王！

longman333May7th, 17:58
Youbegin with an Islamic mayor in London and will end with a Caliph ascending theEnglish throne. It's only a question of time.

从一个伊斯兰教的伦敦市长开始，然后到哈利法攀升到英国王位为止。这只是一个时间问题。