在遭遇街头抗议之后土耳其撤销儿童强奸法案 [英国媒体]

Turkey withdraws child rape bill after street protests

在遭遇街头抗议之后，土耳其撤销了“儿童强奸法案”

15 minutes ago

15分钟之前

Europe

欧洲



The capital Ankara has seen furious protests

首都安卡拉爆发了激烈的抗议

Turkish Prime Minister Binali Yildirim has withdrawn a bill that would pardon men convicted of sex with underage girls if they had married them.

土耳其总理本纳里·伊尔德理姆撤销了一条旨在原谅被指控与未到法定年龄的女孩发生性行为的男性（前提是男性已经与她们结婚了）的法案。

The government acted just before the controversial legislation went to a final vote in parliament, which is dominated by the ruling AK Party.

仅仅在受到执政的“正义与发展”党控制的议会就这一引发争议的法案进入立法程序的最后一轮投票的前夕，政府采取了行动。

The bill sparked protests and was met with international condemnation.

该法案引发了大量抗议并遭到国际社会的谴责。

Critics said it would legitimise statutory rape and encourage the practice of taking child brides.

批评者称该法案会让依法应该被严惩的强奸合法，并鼓励更多的娃娃新娘出现。

UN agencies had called on the government not to approve the bill, arguing that it would damage the country's ability to combat sexual abuse and child marriage.

联合国多个机构要求土耳其政府不要批准该法案。这些机构称这个法案会危及土耳其与性虐待和童婚作斗争的能力。

The government says the main aim is to exonerate men imprisoned for marrying an underage girl apparently with her or her family's consent.

土耳其政府说（批准该法案）的主要目的是让那些明显是获得了该女孩（虽然未达法定年龄）或是该女孩家庭同意的婚姻中的男方免遭入狱之罚。

Turkey's legal age of consent is 18 but underage marriage remains widespread.

在土耳其准许结婚的法定年龄是18岁，但是未到该年龄就结婚的现象极其普遍。

A rare consensus: analysis by Mark Lowen, BBC Turkey correspondent

来自BBC驻土耳其记者马克·罗文的分析文章：这是一次少见的一致行动

This bill sparked a rare thing here: cross-party opposition. The AKP MPs who proposed it insisted it would not pardon rapists or sexual abusers and was simply intended to exonerate men who marry underage girls apparently with consent.

该法案在土耳其这边引发了各党派联合起来反对，这很罕见。提出该法案的“发展和正义党”的议员坚持说该法案既不会宽恕强奸犯，也不会原谅性侵者；该法案只是要赦免那些虽然与未达到法定年龄的女孩结婚，但是明显得到她们同意的男人。

However, critics said that in patriarchal Turkey, a young girl would feel unable to give consent and so the bill would have legitimised rape and encouraged child brides. When conservative, usually pro-government, women spoke out against it - including the president's wife - the bill was doomed to failure.

不过批评者说在土耳其的父权社会中，一个年轻的女孩可能会想说不同意却不能说。因此该法案有可能让强奸合法化，并鼓励娃娃新娘。甚至连通常支持政府的保守妇女（这其中包括现任总统的妻子）都大声疾呼反对该法案的时候，这个法案命里注定便要失败。

Child marriage is a problem here. Former President Abdullah Gul famously married when he was 30 and his wife 15.

童婚在土耳其当地是个大问题。前总统阿卜杜拉·高尔就有一场非常着名的婚姻：他30岁结婚的时候他的妻子才15岁。

But women's groups say the solution is not controversial legislation such as this but real opportunities for girls. And they say the Islamist AKP has encouraged female subservience, with President Recep Tayyip Erdogan calling childless women "deficient".

但是妇女组织说根本的解决方案不是批准像这样带来争议的法案，根本的解决方案是给女孩子以真正的机会。他们还说奉行伊斯兰主义的“正义与发展党”一直鼓励妇女恭顺屈从，而且埃尔多安称没有孩子的妇女“有缺陷”。

It's led to a huge rise in physical abuse of women, with the murder rate said to have increased by 1,400% between 2003 and 2010 - although some believe that number is partly due to more cases being reported than ever before.

这直接导致针对妇女的躯体虐待急速上升，而在2003年至2010年间谋杀妇女的案件据说更是增加了14倍——虽然有一些人认为得出这个数字部分是因为此类报道较之以前增加了。

Prime Minister Yildirim said the bill was being sent back in order to allow for "broad consensus" and to "give time for the opposition parties to develop their proposals".

土耳其总理伊尔德理姆说该法案被驳回一是考虑到“广泛的舆论一致”，二是“给反对党们以时间拿出他们的提案”。

Opposition parties had heavily criticised the bill.

反对党们强烈批评了该法案。

The bill was due to be voted upon on Tuesday after being approved in an initial parliamentary reading on Thursday.

该法案于上周四在议会宣读并初步获得批准，然后本应该在本周二进行投票表决。

Justice Minister Bekir Bozdag had defended the legislation, saying: "The bill will certainly not bring amnesty to rapists.... This is a step taken to solve a problem in some parts of our country."

司法部长贝克·博兹达哥为该法案进行了辩护，他说：“这个法案肯定不会对强奸犯实行特赦……这只是为了解决存在于我们国家某些地区的一个问题而采取的步骤。”

In July, Turkey's constitutional court annulled part of the criminal code which classified all sexual acts with children under 15 as sexual abuse.

土耳其立宪法院在今年七月取消了部分刑法内容，而正是这些刑法内容将所有与未满15岁的孩子发生的任何性行为列为（长辈对儿童的）性侵犯。

Elif Shafak, one of Turkey's best-selling novelists, explained the concern over the bill.

土耳其畅销小说作者之一爱丽傅·沙福克说明了她对该法案的关心。

"One of the main weaknesses of this draft is that word, consent," she told the BBC.
"What does that mean? We're talking about children here. So if the rapist negotiates with the family, if he bribes or threatens the family, the family can easily withdraw, you know, their complaint and they can say OK there was a consent and there was no force involved."

她这样对BBC说：“这个法案的主要弱点之一就是‘赞成’这个词，这个词想表达什么意思？我们正在讨论的是土耳其的儿童。因此如果该强奸犯与那个家庭谈判，如果他贿赂或是威胁那个家庭，那个家庭是可以很容易撤退的，你知道，他们会抱怨，并且他们可以说同意了呀，不存在强迫。”

Ravza Kavakci Kan, an AKP MP, said the bill had been misunderstood.

“发展与正义党”的一名议员拉芙扎·卡瓦茨·肯说该法案被误解了。

"It is about giving normality to young women who have been married underage due to cultural norms, other norms, and now find themselves with their children suffering because their husbands are in prison," she told the BBC's Newsday programme.

她对BBC的新闻节目说：“有一些年轻妇女由于文化规范或是其它规范的原因，已经在未到法定年龄时缔结了婚姻，现在她们发现她们自己和她们的孩子却要因为她们的丈夫被关进了监狱而在外面受苦，这个法案就是要给这样的年轻妇女一个正常的生活，”

"One of the examples is when the woman is 15 and the man is 17, they get married, they're both underage, a few years later after they've had children, or when they go to register their babies, or when they go to the doctor, the doctors or officials have to report this case if it is an underage marriage, so now they are 24, 25 and all of a sudden their husbands are in prison."

“可以举出这样的例子：当女人15岁男人17岁时他们结婚了，他们两人都算未到法定年龄便结婚的，若干年之后他们生孩子了，或者说他们去给他们的孩子注册身份，或者说他们去看医生，而如果这是一起未到法定年龄就缔结的婚姻，那么医生或是政府工作人员就必须上报这起案件，你瞧，现在她们24、25岁了却突然发现她们的丈夫进监狱了。”