基尔库克冲突升级，美国呼吁保持冷静 [英国媒体]

State department spokeswoman Heather Nauert urged allparties to "avoid further clashes".

美国国务院发言人希瑟•诺尔特敦促各方“避免进一步冲突”

Iraqi soldiers moved into Kirkuk three weeks after theKurdistan Region held a controversial independence referendum.

在库尔德斯坦地区举行了有争议的独立公投三周后，伊拉克士兵进入基尔库克。

They are aiming to retake areasunder Kurdish control since Islamic State militants swept through the region.

他们的目标是在伊斯兰国激进分子横扫该地区后重新占领库尔德人控制地区。

Residents of Kurdish-controlledareas, including Kirkuk, overwhelmingly backed secession from Iraq in a vote on25 September.

库尔德控制地区的居民，包括基尔库克居民，在9月25日的投票中以压倒性地优势支持脱离伊拉克。

While Kirkuk is outside IraqiKurdistan, Kurdish voters in the city were allowed to take part.

虽然基尔库克在伊拉克库尔德斯坦之外，但该市的库尔德选民仍被允许参加。

Iraqi Prime Minister Haideral-Abadi had denounced the vote as unconstitutional. But the Kurdistan RegionalGovernment (KRG) insisted it was legitimate.

伊拉克总理阿巴迪谴责这次投票是违反宪法的。但库尔德斯坦地区政府(KRG)坚持认为这是合法的。

What's the US stance in the developing crisis?

美国在危机中的立场是什么？

In a statement on Monday,Ms Nauert said Washington was "very concerned by reports of violencearound Kirkuk".

诺尔特在周一的一份声明中表示，华盛顿“非常关注基尔库克发生的暴力冲突”。

"Wesupport the peaceful exercise of joint administration by the central andregional governments, consistent with the Iraqi constitution, in all disputedareas."

“我们支持中央和地方政府遵照伊拉克宪法在所有有争议地区和平的联合行政”

Ms Nauert saidthe US was working with officials from all parties to "encouragedialogue", warning that "there is still much work to be done todefeat Isis (Islamic State) in Iraq".

诺尔特表示，美国正与各方官员合作，“鼓励对话”，并警告称，“要在伊拉克击败Isis(伊斯兰国)仍有很多工作要做”。

Earlier,President Donald Trump said US officials were "not taking sides"."Wedon't like the fact that they're clashing," he added.

早些时候，唐纳德·特朗普总统说，美国官员“不偏袒任何一方”。并补充说，“我们不喜欢他们冲突的事实”。

Senator JohnMcCain, who heads the Senate Armed Services Committee, warned the Iraqigovernment of "severe consequences" if US-supplied weaponry wasmisused in operations against Kurdish forces.

参议院军事委员会主席、参议员约翰·麦凯恩警告伊拉克政府，如果美国提供的武器在打击库尔德武装的行动中被滥用，将会造成“严重后果”。

"TheUnited States provided equipment and training to the government of Iraq tofight (Islamic State) and secure itself from external threats - not to attackelements of one of its own regional governments." he said.

他说：“美国向伊拉克政府提供了装备和训练，以打击（伊斯兰国家）和抵御外来威胁，而不是攻击自己的地方政府。”。

What about Baghdad and Kurdish officials?

巴格达和库尔德官员呢？

Mr Abadi said in a statement on Monday that the operation in Kirkukwas necessary to "protect the unity of the country, which was in danger ofpartition" because of the referendum.

阿巴迪在周一的一份声明中表示，由于公投，基尔库克的行动是有必要的，是为了“保护处于分裂中的国家统一”。

"We call upon all citizens toco-operate with our heroic armed forces, which are committed to our strictdirectives to protect civilians in the first place, and to impose security andorder, and to protect state installations and institutions," he added.

他还补充说：“我们呼吁所有公民与我们英勇的武装部队合作，这些部队会坚决执行指令，首先保护平民，保证安全和秩序，保护国家设施和机构。”。

On Monday, the Iraqi military saidits units had taken control of the K1 military base, the Baba Gurgur oil andgas field, and a state-owned oil company's offices.

周一，伊拉克军方表示，其部队已经控制了K1军事基地、巴巴古尔石油和天然气，以及一家国有石油公司的办公室。



The government in Baghdad said Kurdish Peshmerga soldiershad withdrawn "without fighting". However, clashes were reported tothe south, and the sound of gunfire was caught by a BBC cameraman as a teamfilmed near a checkpoint.

巴格达政府称，库尔德自由斗士撤回“不战”。然而，据报道，南部发生了冲突，一名英国广播公司摄影师在一个检查站附近拍摄到了枪声。

By the afternoon, as thousands ofpeople fled the city fearing impending clashes between the two sides, Iraqimilitary vehicles were rolling into the heart of Kirkuk. A picture shared onsocial media appeared to show Iraqi forces sitting in the governor's office.

下午，成千上万的人因担心双方即将发生的冲突而逃离这座城市，伊拉克的军车开进基尔库克的中心地带。在社交媒体上分享的一张照片，照片显示，伊拉克军人坐在州长的办公室里。

Forces pulled down the Kurdish flagwhich had been flying alongside the Iraqi national flag, according to Reuters.

据路透社(Reuters)报道，武装部队拆除了悬挂在伊拉克国旗旁边的库尔德旗帜。

Mr Abadi had ordered the flag tofly over all disputed territories.

阿巴迪先生命令让国旗飘扬在所有有争议的领土上。

The speed with which Iraqi forces reachedthe centre of the city has led the two main armed Kurdish parties to accuseeach other of "betrayal".

伊拉克军队快速到达市中心导致两个主要的库尔德武装党派互相指责对方“背叛”。

The Peshmerga General Command, which is led by PresidentMassoud Barzani of the ruling Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), accusedofficials from the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) of aiding "the plotagainst the people of Kurdistan".

“自由斗士”总指挥部由执政的库尔德民主党(KDP)领导人马苏德·巴尔扎尼(Massoud Barzani)领导，他被指责接受了库尔德斯坦爱国联盟(PUK)官员的帮助，“这是对库尔德斯坦人民的阴谋”。

The PUK denied being part ofordering any withdrawal, saying dozens of their fighters had been killed andhurt, but noted "not even one KDP Peshmerga has been martyred as of yet inthe fighting in Kirkuk".

库尔德爱国联盟（PUK）否认任何撤军，称他们的数十名战士被杀或受伤，但他指出，“在基尔库克的战斗中，甚至没有一个KDP 的自由斗士死亡。”

Meanwhile Turkey, which fears Kurdish independence inIraq could lead to similar calls from its own Kurdish minority, praisedBaghdad, saying it was "ready for any form of co-operation with the Iraqigovernment in order to end the PKK presence in Iraqi territory".

与此同时，土耳其担心伊拉克库尔德的独立，可能会对其库尔德少数民族发出类似的邀请，声称其“准备好与伊拉克政府任何形式的合作，以结束库尔德工人党在伊拉克领土上的存在” 并称赞了巴格达。

The PKK - or Kurdistan Workers'Party - is a Turkish-Kurdish rebel group which has been fighting for autonomysince the 1980s. It is considered a terrorist group by Turkey as well as by theEU and US.

库尔德工人党（库尔德工人党）是自20世纪80年代以来一直为自治而斗争的土耳其库尔德叛乱组织，它被土耳其视为恐怖主义集团，也被欧盟和美国视为恐怖主义集团。

Whyis Kirkuk at the heart of this crisis?

为什么基尔库克是这次危机的中心？

Kirkuk is an oil-rich provinceclaimed by both the Kurds and the central government. It is thought to have aKurdish majority, but its provincial capital has large Arab and Turkmenpopulations.

基尔库克是一个石油资源丰富的省份，库尔德人和中央政府都声称拥有该省。被认为库尔德人占多数，但其省会有大量的阿拉伯人和土库曼人。



Kurdish Peshmerga forces took control of much of theprovince in 2014, when Islamic State (IS) militants swept across northern Iraqand the Iraq army collapsed.

2014年，库尔德“自由斗士”部队控制了该省大部分地区，当时伊斯兰国(IS)武装分子横扫伊拉克北部，伊拉克军队瓦解。

The Iraqi parliament asked Mr Abadito deploy troops to Kirkuk and other disputed areas after the referendum resultwas announced, but he said last week that he would accept them being governedby a "joint administration" and that he did not want an armedconfrontation.

在公投结果公布后，伊拉克议会要求阿巴迪将部队部署到基尔库克和其他有争议的地区，但他上周表示，他愿意接受他们被“联合政府”共同管理，并表示他不希望发生武装冲突。

On Sunday, his cabinet accused theKRG of deploying non-Peshmerga fighters in Kirkuk, including members of thePKK, which it said was tantamount to a "declaration of war". But KRGofficials denied this.

周日，他的内阁指责库尔斯坦地区政府（KRG）在基尔库克部署了非“自由斗士”(non – peshmerga的武装分子，其中包括库尔德工人党(PKK)成员，称这相当于“宣战”。但库尔斯坦地区政府（KRG）官员否认了这一点。