世界污染最严重城市排名 [英国媒体]

How high is air pollution in your city and how does it compare to the most polluted cities in the world?

世界上污染最严重城市排名



Pollution is a greater global threat than Ebola and HIV, according to warnings by the World Health Organisation. 

世界卫生组织警告称：污染对人类的威胁高于埃博拉和艾滋病。

According to its recent report, one in four deaths among children aged under five are now due to environmental hazards such as air pollution and contaminated water.

根据世界卫生组织最近的报告，5岁以下儿童死亡中有四分之一是由譬如大气污染和水污染等不健康的环境造成的。

Previously this year, air pollution levels in London were worse than those in Beijing for a brief period - with the UK capital's pollutants frequently breaking UK limits. 

今年早些时候，伦敦空气污染水平曾短暂超越北京——首都的污染物屡屡突破英国限定。

Now, the UK Government plans to tackle such dangers by banning diesel and petrol cars by 2040.

现在，英国政府计划到2040年禁止燃油汽车来解决这些问题。

But how bad is air pollution in other areas of the UK?

英国其他地区的空气污染情况如何？

How does the UK compare to the world?

与世界其他地区比较呢？

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), London is just a mid-table city when it comes to the international league table of polluted places.

根据世界卫生组织的世界城市污染排名，伦敦居中。

London only ranked 1,389th out of the nearly  3,000 cities and towns around the world monitored in the WHO's database of annual air pollution readings.

在世界卫生组织监控的3000个城镇的空气污染读数数据库中，伦敦仅仅排在1389名。



WHO guidelines state that cities should aim to have an annual average of no more than 10 micrograms of PM2.5 (very fine particulate matter) for every cubic metre of air. London had an annual PM2.5 average of 15 μg/m3 in 2013, far lower than Beijing's average of 85.2 μg/m3.

世界卫生组织的标准是PM2.5年平均浓度不应超过10μg/m3，伦敦2013年的PM2.5平均浓度为15，远远低于北京的85.2.

These particles are very small in diameter and are classed as carcinogenic by leading health organisations. Thousands of deaths a year are attributable to air pollution in the UK.

这些颗粒物直径非常小，被主要的健康组织视为致癌物，英国每年都有数千人死于此类空气污染。



Which cities have the highest air pollution levels worldwide?

全世界哪些城市拥有最高的空气污染水平

According to the WHO, the most polluted city in the world is Zabol in Iran. Zabol's PM2.5 measurements were found to average a massive 217 μg/m3 for the latest available year - more than 20 times higher than the recommended level.

根据世界卫生组织，世界上污染最严重的城市是伊朗的Zabol,其年均PM2.5达到217μg/m3，是世卫标准的20多倍。

The next two entries on the list are both located in India (Gwalior and Allahabad) while the first non-Asian city on the list is Bamenda in Cameroon which came in eighth place.  Tetovo in Macedonia was the most polluted European city in the database, followed by Tuzla in  Bosnia and Herzegovina.

紧随其后的是印度的Gwalior 和 Allahabad。名单上第一个非亚洲城市的是喀麦隆的Bamenda ，排在第八名。马其顿的Tetovo是欧洲污染最严重的城市。波黑的Tuzla 紧随其后。

The most polluted city in the UK isn't actually London. Glasgow topped that list, followed by Scunthorpe and Leeds with London in sixth place.

英国污染最严重的城市并不是伦敦，是Glasgow ，其次是Scunthorpe ，利兹。伦敦排第六。

However, given that these rankings are based on figures taken in 2013, the situation may have changed since. London may also experience greater peaks in air pollution but these figures are all annual averages.

然而，鉴于是2013年的数据，现在情况可能已经发生改变，伦敦也经历了数次空气污染高峰——尽管这些

数据的全年平均值。
附前排名前100的城市
  城市         年度平均值 年份
1 zabol (Iran) 216.7      2012
2 Gwalior (India) 176.1   2012
3 Allahabad (India) 169.7 2012
4 Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) 155.5 2014
5 Al Jubail (Saudi Arabia) 151.7 2014
6 Patna (India) 148.9 2013
7 Raipur (India) 143.7 2012
8 Bamenda (Cameroon) 132.0 2012
9 Xingtai (China) 128.0 2014
10 Baoding (China) 126.0 2014
11 Delhi (India) 122.1 2013.2
12 Ludhiana (India) 121.9 2012
13 Dammam (Saudi Arabia) 120.9 2014
14 Shijiazhuang (China) 120.6 2014
15 Kanpur (India) 114.9 2012
16 Khanna (India) 113.8 2012
17 Firozabad (India) 113.3 2012
18 Lucknow (India) 112.9 2012
19 Handan (China) 111.8 2014
20 Peshawar (Pakistan)111.0 2010
21 Amritsar (India) 108.1 2012
22 Gobindgarh (India) 107.6 2012
23 Rawalpindi (Pakistan) 107.0 2010
24 Hengshui (China) 106.7 2014
25 Narayangonj (Bangladesh) 105.8 2014
26 Boshehr (Iran) 105.0 2010
27 Agra (India) 104.8 2012
28 Kampala (Uganda) 104.3 2013
29 Tangshan (China) 101.5 2014
30 Jodhpur (India) 101.3 2012
31 Dehradun (India) 100.5 2012
32 Ahmedabad (India) 100.1 2013
33 Jaipur (India) 99.9 2012
34 Howrah (India) 99.6 2012
35 Faridabad (India) 98.2 2012
36 Yenbu (Saudi Arabia) 97.2 2014
37 Langfang (China) 95.5 2014
38 Dhanbad (India) 95.3 2012
39 Chittagong (Bangladesh) 95.1 2014
40 Ahvaz (Iran) 94.9 2010.25
41 Doha (Qatar) 93.4 2012
42 Bhopal (India) 92.6 2012
43 Khurja (India) 89.9 2012
44 Dhaka (Bangladesh) 89.7 2014
45 Kaduna (Nigeria) 89.6 2013
46 Gazipur (Bangladesh) 88.5 2014
47 Karachi (Pakistan) 88.4 2009
48 Cangzhou (China) 88.3 2014 
49 Baghdad (Iraq) 87.9 2015
50 Al-Shuwaikh (Kuwait) 87.8 2014
51 Tianjin (China) 87.4 2014
52 Raebareli (India) 87.3 2012
53 Kabul (Afghanistan) 86.0 2009
54 Zhengzhou (China) 85.7 2014
55 Barisal (Bangladesh) 85.3 2014
56 Beijing (China) 85.2 2014
57 Al Wakrah (Qatar) 85.1 2012
58 Kota (India) 83.7 2012
59 Udaipur (India) 83.0 2012
60 Tetovo (FYR Macedonia) 81.5 2013
61 Alwar (India) 81.2 2012
62 Wuhan (China) 79.5 2014
63 Chandrapur (India) 79.4 2012
64 Anyang (China) 79.2 2014
65 Hefei (China) 78.6 2014
66 Pyin Oo Lwin (Myanmar) 77.9 2012
67 Shouguang (China) 77.5 2014
68 Indore (India) 76.4 2012
69 Taungoo (Myanmar) 76.2 2013
70 Greater Cairo (Egypt) 75.6 2013
71 Kyaukphyu (Myanmar) 75.6 2009
72 Jalandhar (India) 75.1 2012
73 Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) 75.1 2010
74 Akola (India) 74.4 2012
75 Makkah (Saudi Arabia) 74.4 2014
76 Jingzhou (China) 74.3 2014
77 Ali Subah Al-Salem (Kuwait) 74.1  2014
78 Varanasi (India) 73.9 2012
79 Changsha (China) 73.5 2014
80 Noida (India) 72.8 2012
81 Nanjing (China) 72.3 2014
82 Shenyang (China) 71.5 2014
83 Chengdu (China) 71.4 2014
84 Harbin (China) 71.0 2014
85 Namkham (Myanmar) 70.6 2012
86 Delta Region (Egypt) 70.6 2013
87 Kaifeng (China) 70.3 2014
88 Yichang (China) 70.0 2014 
89 Yangquan (China) 69.8 2014
90 Pingdingshan (China) 69.8 2014
91 Xiangtan (China) 69.7 2014
92 Jalgaon (India) 69.6 2012
93 Xi'An (China) 69.5 2014
94 Zhuzhou (China) 69.3 2014
95 Meerut (India) 69.1 2012 
96 Mawlamyaing (Myanmar) 69.0 2012
97 Laiwu (China) 68.3 2014
98 Al-Mansouriya (Kuwait) 68.3 2014
99 Jiaozuo (China) 68.3 2014
100 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) 68.0 2014