朝鲜:特朗普赞扬联合国针对导弹的最新制裁 [英国媒体]

North Korea: Trump praises latest UN sanctions over missiles

朝鲜:特朗普赞扬联合国针对导弹的最新制裁



In a tweet, Mr Trump said the vote proved the world "wants peace, not death".

在推特上，特朗普表示，这次投票证明了世界“想要和平，而不是死亡”。

The US-drafted resolution includes measures to slash North Korea's petrol imports by up to 90%.

美国起草的决议包括将朝鲜石油进口减少90%的措施。

China and Russia, Pyongyang's main trading partners, voted in favour of the resolution.

中国和俄罗斯，平壤的主要贸易伙伴，对决议投了赞成票。

North Korea is already subject to a raft of sanctions from the US, the UN and the EU.

朝鲜已经受到美国、联合国和欧盟的一系列制裁。

"The United Nations Security Council just voted 15-0 in favor of additional Sanctions on North Korea. The World wants Peace, not Death!" Mr Trump tweeted.

联合国安理会刚刚以15票对0票赞成对朝鲜实施额外制裁。“世界需要和平，而不是灭亡！”特朗普先生如是说。

The US ambassador to the UN, Nikki Haley, said the sanctions sent an "unambiguous message to Pyongyang that further defiance will invite further punishments and isolation".

美国驻联合国大使尼基•黑利（Nikki Haley）表示，制裁向平壤发出了“明确的信息，进一步的挑衅将招致进一步的惩罚和孤立”。

She described North Korea as "the most tragic example of evil in the modern world".

她称朝鲜是“现代世界上最悲惨的恶魔”。

UK Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said the latest measures against North Korea were a "vital step" towards curbing its nuclear weapons programme.

英国外交大臣鲍里斯•约翰逊(Boris Johnson)表示，针对朝鲜的最新措施是遏制其核武器计划的“关键一步”。

He said the international community had shown it was united in its condemnation of the North's "reckless behaviour".

他说，国际社会已经表明，一致谴责朝鲜的“鲁莽行为”。



The Chinese foreign ministry described the situation on the peninsula as "complex and sensitive" and called on all sides to "exercise restraint and make active efforts to ease tensions".

中国外交部称朝鲜半岛局势“复杂敏感”，呼吁各方“保持克制，积极努力缓和紧张局势”。

What exactly are the new sanctions?
The US said it was seeking a diplomatic solution to the issue and drafted this new set of sanctions:

美国表示正在寻求外交途径解决这一问题，并起草了新的制裁措施:

Deliveries of petrol products will be capped at 500,000 barrels a year, and crude oil at four million barrels a year

汽油产品的交付将被限制在每年500000桶，和四百万桶的原油。

All North Korean nationals working abroad will have to return home within 24 months under the proposals, restricting a vital source of foreign currency

根据提议所有在国外工作的朝鲜公民必须在24个月内回家,限制外汇收入的重要来源。

There will also be a ban on exports of North Korean goods, such as machinery and electrical equipment

也将禁止朝鲜出口商品,如机械和电气设备。

Tensions have risen this year over North Korea's nuclear and missile programmes, which it has pursued despite pressure from world powers.

今年以来，朝鲜的核计划和导弹项目的紧张局势有所加剧，尽管世界大国施加了压力，但它仍在进行。



The UN sanctions came in response to Pyongyang's 28 November firing of a ballistic missile, which the US said was its highest yet.

联合国的制裁是对平壤11月28日发射一枚弹道导弹的回应，美国说这是它迄今为止的最高水平。

Mr Trump has previously threatened to "totally destroy" North Korea if it launches a nuclear attack. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un has described the US president as "mentally deranged".

特朗普此前曾威胁称，如果朝鲜发动核攻击，他将“彻底摧毁”朝鲜。朝鲜领导人金正恩称美国总统“精神错乱”。



What about previous sanctions?

以往的制裁呢？

Last month, the US unveiled fresh sanctions against North Korea which it said were designed to limit the funding for its nuclear and ballistic missile programmes.

上个月，美国公布了针对朝鲜的新制裁措施，称这是为了限制其核计划和弹道导弹项目的资金。

The measures targeted North Korean shipping operations and Chinese companies that trade with Pyongyang.

这些措施针对的是朝鲜的船运业务，以及与朝鲜进行贸易的中国公司。

The UN also approved new sanctions following North Korea's nuclear test on 3 September.

在朝鲜9月3日进行核试验后，联合国也批准了新的制裁措施。

These measures restricted oil imports and banned textile exports - an attempt to starve the North of fuel and income for its weapons programmes.

这些措施限制了石油进口，并禁止了纺织品出口——这是为了让朝鲜的武器项目获得燃料和收入。



What effect have previous sanctions had?

以前的制裁有什么影响?

The US has been imposing sanctions on North Korea for more than a decade with little success.

十多年来，美国一直对朝鲜实施制裁，但收效甚微。

In fact, North Korea has said fresh sanctions will only make it accelerate its nuclear programme. It has continued to test nuclear and ballistic missiles despite these recent examples of UN pressure:

事实上，朝鲜表示，新的制裁只会使朝鲜加快核计划。尽管最近有联合国施压的例子，它仍然继续测试核武器和弹道导弹。

30 November 2016: UN targeted North Korea's valuable coal trade with China, slashing exports by about 60% under a new sales cap. Exports of copper, nickel, silver, zinc and the sale of statues were also banned

2016年11月30日：联合国针对朝鲜与中国宝贵的煤炭贸易，在新的制裁下削减出口约60%。出口铜、镍、银、锌和出售雕像也被禁止

What happened next? On 14 May 2017, North Korea tested what it said was a "newly developed ballistic rocket" capable of carrying a large nuclear warhead

接下来发生了什么？在2017年5月14日，朝鲜测试了它所谓的“新研制的弹道火箭”，能够携带一枚大型核弹头

2 June 2017: UN imposed a travel ban and asset freeze on four entities and 14 officials, including the head of North Korea's overseas spying operations

2017年6月2日:联合国对4个实体和14名官员实施了旅行禁令和资产冻结，包括朝鲜海外间谍行动

What happened next? On 4 July, North Korea claimed it had carried out its first successful test of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)

接下来发生了什么?7月4日，朝鲜声称其首次成功试射洲际弹道导弹(ICBM)

6 August 2017: UN banned North Korean exports of coal, ore and other raw materials and limited investments in the country, costing Pyongyang an estimated $1bn - about a third of its export economy
What happened next? On 3 September, North Korea said it had tested a hydrogen bomb that could be miniaturised and loaded on a long-range missile.

2017年8月6日:联合国禁止朝鲜出口煤炭、铁矿石和其他原材料并限制在该国的投资，平壤损失估计为10亿美元，约其出口经济的三分之一
接下来发生了什么？9月3日，朝鲜称已经测试了一枚氢弹，它可以被小型化并装载在远程导弹上。

And the impact will be ...

其影响将是……

Analysis by Sophie Long, BBC, Seoul
Some analysts believe this new round of sanctions could have a major effect on North Korea's economy and the caps on oil could be devastating for its haulage industry and for people and state-owned enterprises that rely on generators.

一些分析人士认为，新一轮制裁可能对朝鲜经济产生重大影响，而对石油的限制可能会对其运输行业以及依赖发电机的国有企业造成毁灭性打击。

Others are less confident, pointing out that Chinese fuel exports have already been reduced due to concerns about North Korea's ability to pay for them. It could also take years for the sanctions to have full impact, while there are fears North Korea could be within months of achieving its nuclear ambitions.

其他人则没有那么自信，他们指出，由于担心朝鲜有能力支付，中国的燃料出口已经减少。制裁的全面影响也可能需要数年时间，但人们担心朝鲜可能在几个月内实现其核野心。

Even if the latest round of sanctions do have an economic impact, it's not clear if that would push Pyongyang to stop developing nuclear weapons and negotiate.

即使最新一轮制裁确实对经济产生了影响，也不清楚这是否会促使平壤停止发展核武器并走上谈判桌。