中国的潜在隐患 1 ：环境 [日本媒体]

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-------------译者：hilda-审核者：文所未闻------------



After enjoying rapid development for nearly 40 years, China is at a turning point in terms of both economic growth and social development. In this series, Dr. Xue Li examines the five most critical challenges and potential pitfalls China faces today.

近40年来，我国享受着快速发展带来的成果，而今中国的经济增长和社会发展正处于一个转折点。在这个系列文章中，薛力博士研究了今天中国所面临的五个最重要的挑战和潜在的困难。

Environmental pollution is the great challenge that China must face during its next stage of development. Everyone has gradually come to realize this, though some local governments persist in taking the view that development must have top priority. Other localities however, are already willing to sacrifice some economic development for the sake of the environment. Even some of China’s less-developed regions are consciously choosing low-pollution means of economic development.

环境污染是中国下一步发展面临的最大挑战。虽然每个人都逐渐意识到这一点，但是一些地方政府始终坚持发展具有优先权的观点。不过，一些地方已经愿意为了保护环境而牺牲某些经济的发展。甚至中国一些欠发达地区也有意识的选择低污染的经济发展方式。

-------------译者：hilda-审核者：文所未闻------------

From the experience of developed countries, we know that remediating pollution problems and restoring the environment is possible but expensive. That means China’s environmental problems, to an extent, can only be solved by further economic development.

发达国家的经验表明，治理污染问题和恢复环境是可能的，但却是昂贵的。这就意味着，在一定程度上中国的环境问题只能靠经济的进一步发展来解决。

Although China’s economy has seen a long-term period of rapid growth, the process of industrialization is still incomplete, while urbanization has even further to go. Thus China’s overall energy consumption as well as its per capita energy use are both rising. Yet China has already pledged that its carbon dioxide emissions will peak by 2030, with a concerted effort toward reaching peak emissions even sooner. Also by 2030, China plans to have non-fossil fuels account for 20 percent of its total energy use (in 2013, non-fossil fuels made up 9.6 percent of China’s energy use).

尽管中国经济经历了长期的快速发展，但是其工业化过程依然还不完整，而城市化还有很长的路要走。因此，中国的整体能源消耗和人均能源使用都在上升。然而，中国已经承诺，其二氧化碳排放量将在2030年到达顶峰，如果齐心协力朝着达到排放峰值的目标努力，到达时间甚至会更早。另外，在2030年中国计划非化石燃料将占总能源消耗的20%（2013年，非化石燃料占中国能源使用的9.6%）。

-------------译者：二点亦旋-审核者：文所未闻------------

This makes it clear that the Chinese government has already realized that, although adjusting the makeup of its energy consumption is difficult, it must be done. But because there still isn’t enough recognition of the problem – and because of entangled bureaucratic interests – China still must take further steps to strengthen the implementation of these changes to its energy matrix.

显然中国政府已经认识到了这个问题，即使改变能量消耗结构不是易事，也已经势在必行。但由于对这个问题的认识还不充分——也由于官僚利益的羁绊——中国要想改变能源结构则今后必须加强实施力度。


-------------译者：凤凰涅-审核者：文所未闻------------

MMCRailgun • 13 days ago
Interesting to have an article that actually mentions concrete solutions alongside the problems.

 更有兴趣看到能有一篇文章在提出问题的同时真正给出具体的解决方法。
 
Ming Shi • 13 days ago
"This makes it clear that the Chinese government has already realized..." sounds so ironically: Has the same leadership not realized the problem already in 2007 when CCP leadership for the first time formulated "ecological civilisation" as one of their key programs for decades to come? Besides: One of the governments whom almost the entire western world admires for high effectiveness in governing anything lacks capability to cope with a problem they much earlier have already realized? Talking about money to be needed: Compared with 2007 China posses so much currency reserve double the size of 2007. Still, we read and hear the same repeated argument "restoring envirement is costly thus we need development". Nothing new either.

   “显然中国政府已经认识到。。。”听起来如此讽刺：难道同样的领导者（共产党）在2007年第一次在共产党领导下提出要把“生态文明”作为之后十年发展的重点项目之一的时候没有认识到这个问题吗？中国政府因高效治理而几乎被整个西方世界所推崇，却缺乏能力应对自己早已意识到的问题？谈到所需要的资金：中国现在货币储备是2007年的两倍。然而，我们读到和听到的都是一成不变的陈词滥调：恢复环境代价高昂，因此我们更需要发展经济（以支付得起高昂的恢复环境的花费）。从没听到过有新意的观点。

Peaking 2030, maybe earlier, sounds as excuse so: Sorry, I first have to smash more treasure for feeling better than I will try my best to restore it. Please give me some applause! Haven't you idiot seen that I have already realized it? To cite only one example: more than 90% of all additives for food industry are being produced in China. They constitute a severe danger for the health of millions of Chinese. At latest in 2008 as the scandal about chemically adulterate milk powder blew up Beijing has "already" realized the menace to be overcome. What has happened until now? Nothing.

2030年达到顶峰，甚至更早，听起来像是借口：很抱歉，首先我得为了过得舒服一些而破坏更多的环境吗，之后我会经历修复好它的。请为我的机智点赞！你们这些白痴没看到我已经认识到这个问题了吗？引用一个例子：超过90%的食品添加剂是中国生产的。这些添加剂对成千上万的中国人的健康造成了严重的危险。最近的2008年，当掺杂了化学品的奶粉丑闻在中国爆发时，政府“已经”意识到要采取措施应对这个威胁。后来他们采取了什么措施了么？并没有。

-------------译者：凤凰涅-审核者：文所未闻------------

life form  Ming Shi • 13 days ago
You tell 'em Ming Shi! I think many people would be lulled by these soft, reasonable sounding words. But I think Ming Shi's post is much closer to a truth.
The Chinese people will have to somehow put a lot of pressure on industrialists and government regulators to get any kind of environmental regulation enforced. I wish them the best of luck, I hope they can manage it, but wonder if the Chinese people have the tools to leverage this kind of of change.

楼上的明史，你去和他们说！ 我认为很多人都会被这些听似有道理的温言软语所欺骗。但是我认为明史的内容更接近事实。中国人将不得不给企业家和政府监管部门实际压力，使得环保法规得以执行。我祝福他们，希望他们能帮这个忙，但也想知道中国人是否有改善环境的方法。
 
Alexandre Abranovich • 13 days ago
May as well kiss that economic growth and saved up cash goodbye. As the West have learned decades ago, cleaning up the environment is not only going against business interests but also very expensive.

那可能要和经济增长和储蓄说byebye了。正如西方几十年前已经学会的，清理环境不止和商业利益相违背，同时也是花费极大的。

-------------译者：凤凰涅-审核者：文所未闻------------

Susumu_Araki • 13 days ago
Eminent Indian scholar Amartya Sen said that the best way to prevent famine was democracy.
Transition to democracy is the best way for the solution of pollution problem in mainland China.

  杰出的印度学者Amartya Sen（阿玛蒂亚·森）曾说过防止饥荒的最佳方法是民主。过渡到民主社会是中国大陆解决污染问题的最佳方式。
 
Chris  Susumu_Araki • 11 days ago
India has poverty far worse than China has...

 印度的贫困问题要比中国严重得多。。。 
 
South China Sea • 13 days ago
PRC has a new meaning, it stands for Polluted Republic of China.
They export them all over too. If you can't contain them, move them somewhere else.

PRC（中华人民共和国）现在有了一个新的含义，指的是PRC（受污染的中国）。他们把（污染物）排放到各个地方。如果不能控制一下的话，就把这些污染源移到别处去。
 
hansolo_2012  South China Sea • 13 days ago
Does it mean the removal of the "PRC" is out of the question ???

这是不是意味着 “受污染的中国”的消除是不可能的呢？ 
 
South China Sea  hansolo_2012 • 12 days ago
What did you mean hansolo? I was referring to its illegal and environmentally detrimental practices in the SCS.

楼上的，你想表达什么呢？我指的是中国在南海的非法和破坏环境的行为。

-------------译者：凤凰涅-审核者：文所未闻------------

hansolo_2012  South China Sea • 12 days ago
Sorry SCS, you are not going to believe that I have no idea what and why did I say previously.
I think my "PRC" is the actual People Republic of China. And since your "PRC" Polluted Republic of China" is not possible to be restored (or to be removed) by some view (the damages is so severe especially on human health)... Oh well, my apology anyway for not making sense on my post.

 很抱歉（楼上） ，你一定不相信我自己都不知道自己先前说了什么、为什么要这么说。
我认为我提到的“PRC”指的是中华人民共和国。但是你提到的的“PRC”受污染的中国在一些见解中觉得是不可能恢复（或是消除环境污染）的（因为造成的危害是如此严重，尤其是对人的健康方面）。。。好吧，无论如何我为我之前的没说清楚道歉。
 
Vevoli • 13 days ago
China's coal-fired power plants reduce its life expectancy. Its citizens are exposed to pollutants, much like chain smokers. China is a developing country that still depends on cheap coal, but surprisingly Japan has become the biggest stealth polluter by shifting from nuclear power to cheap coal since Fukushima, to become the third biggest coal consumer, closely trailing the US. Japan is also the leading proliferater of coal burning power plants around the world.

中国的火力发电产（燃煤）已经减少了它的预期寿命。中国人暴露在污染物中，像老烟枪一样。中国是一个仍然依靠廉价煤炭资源的发展中国家，令人意外的是，日本在福岛事件后从核发电转向了煤炭发电，从而成为了最大的秘密污染者，紧跟着美国成为了第三大煤炭消耗国。而在全世界燃煤电厂的增加中，日本占大头。
http://www.politico.com/agenda...

 -------------译者：二点亦旋-审核者：文所未闻------------

nyúl béla • 13 days ago
Stating that: " Other localities .. are .. willing to sacrifice some economic development for the sake of the environment" is nonsense.
Development: In Europe, people know that not only GDP/per capital belongs to the develepment level of a society, but education level, life expectancy and a llivable environment also.
China seems to care less about the two latest factor.

“不过，一些地方已经愿意为了保护环境而牺牲某些经济的发展”完全是一句废话。
什么叫发展：在欧洲，人们已经认识到社会发展水平不仅仅看人均GDP，而是还得看教育水平、预期寿命和是否有适合生活的环境。
中国似乎是对最后两项并不关心。

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