日本的航母计划推进海军建设 [联合国媒体]

Tokyo’s plan to develop anaircraft carrier capable of launching fighter jets is driven by Beijing’smilitary rise, but the move could embolden hawkish generals in China to pressahead with their own expansion programmes, observers said.

观察人士说，由于北京的军事崛起，日本计划开发一艘能够发射战斗机的航空母舰，但这一举措可能使中国的鹰派将军们更有勇气推进他们自己的扩张计划。

The ruling LiberalDemocratic Party and its junior coalition partner Komeito Party this weekapproved a new defence guideline that will effectively allow the Japanesemilitary to convert naval vessels currently capable of carrying onlyhelicopters into fully operational aircraft carriers able to launch fighterjets like the F-35.

执政党自民党及其下属的联盟伙伴公明党本周批准了一项新的防务指导方针，该指导方针将有效地允许日本军方将目前仅能运载直升机的海军舰艇改装为能够发射F-35等战斗机的全面运作的航空母舰。

The plan is controversial asunder its pacifist constitution, Japan has never before owned such advancednaval hardware.

这个计划具有争议，因为根据其和平宪法，日本以前从未拥有过如此先进的海军硬件。

Song Zhongping, a militarycommentator based in Hong Kong, said Tokyo’s plan would make an already fragile Sino-Japaneserelationship even more uneasy.

驻香港的军事评论员宋中平说，东京的计划将使已经脆弱的中日关系变得更加不安。

“Japan has so far refused torecognise its aggression against China during the second world war,” he said.“Any move to build its first aircraft carrier would not only violate itspacifist constitution – which forbids it from operating such an attack vessel –but would also make China and other countries that were victims of itsaggression very uneasy.”

“日本迄今为止一直拒绝承认其在二战期间对中国的侵略，”他说。“任何建造第一艘航空母舰的行动，不仅会违反其和平宪法——该宪法禁止其运行这种攻击舰——还会使中国和其他遭受侵略的国家感到非常不安。”

The planwas “obviously targeting China”, Song said as Beijing had accelerated its ownnaval build up with the addition of advanced destroyers and aircraft carriers.

宋说，该计划“显然是针对中国”，因为北京已经通过增添先进的驱逐舰和航空母舰加速了自己的海军建设。

Beijinghas made significant advances in its naval firepower in recent years. Italready has one aircraft carrier – the Liaoning – in active service, and asecond – the domestically developed Type 001A – is set to join it next year. By2030, at least four aircraft carrier battle groups are expected to be inservice.

近年来，北京海军火力取得了重大进展。它已经有一艘现役的航空母舰——辽宁航空母舰，以及第二艘——国产001A航空母舰——准备明年加入服役。到2030年，预计至少有4个航母战斗群将在役。

Despite Tokyo’s plans to have a carrier capable of hostingfighter jets, Beijing-based military analyst Zhou Chenming said it waspremature to assume Japan’s Izumo-class vessels would be a match for China’smuch larger ships.

尽管东京计划建造一艘能够承载战斗机的航母，但驻北京的军事分析家周晨明说，现在就认为日本的Izumo级舰艇能与中国大得多的舰艇相抗衡还为时过早。

“It willbe a costly job to convert an Izumo-class destroyer into a real aircraftcarrier. It will take a lot of time and involve a lot of sophisticatedtechnologies,” he said.

“把一艘Izumo级驱逐舰改造成真正的航空母舰将是一项昂贵的工作。这将需要很多时间，并涉及许多复杂的技术，”他说。

“And evenif the project can be done, how can a 27,000-tonne warship deal with China’sType 001 Liaoning aircraft carrier, which is several times bigger?”

“即使这项工程可以完成，一艘27000吨的军舰如何应对中国几倍大的001型辽宁航空母舰？”“

CollinKoh Swee Lean, a defence expert at the S. Rajaratnam School of InternationalStudies in Singapore, said Tokyo’s plan might provoke a backlash not only fromChina but also the two Koreas, and intensify naval competition in northeastAsia.

新加坡拉贾拉特南国际研究学院的国防专家柯林·高瑞廉说，东京的计划不仅可能刺激中国，而且可能激起两个朝鲜的反弹，并加剧东北亚海军的竞争。

“Thatcould lead to countries boosting their countervailing capabilities throughdefence build-ups, and even enhancing defence and security engagements withpowers from outside the region,” he said.

他说：“这可能导致各国通过加强国防建设来提高其应对能力，甚至加强与该地区以外国家的国防和安保联系。”

Macau-basedmilitary expert Antony Wong Dong said, however, that Japanese Prime MinisterShinzo Abe was using the naval defence plan to bolster his approval ratings.

然而，澳门军事专家安东尼·王东说，日本首相安倍晋三正利用海军防务计划来提高他的支持率。

“It isnot a good idea to upgrade or refit a giant warship, based on China’s costlyexperience of modifying the Liaoning,” he said.

“根据中国改装辽宁号的昂贵经验，升级或改装一艘巨型战舰不是一个好主意，”他说。

But Abewanted to “test the temperature of the trouble waters” as China and the USremained embroiled in a power struggle over geopolitics and trade, he said.

但安倍希望“测试混战水域的水温”，因为中国和美国仍然纠缠在地缘政治和贸易的权力斗争中，他说。

TheLiberal Democratic Party does at least appear aware of the concerns of itsneighbours. After initially proposing the introduction of a “multi-purposedefensive aircraft carrier”, it later reworded the guideline to say the Izumowould be upgraded as “multi-purpose destroyer”.

自民党至少看起来意识到了邻国的担忧。在最初提议引入“多用途防御性航空母舰”之后，它后来对指导方针进行了改写，说Izumo将被升级为“多用途驱逐舰”。