【加拿大《赫芬顿邮报》】加拿大还击特朗普钢铝关税 [加拿大媒体]

Canada Fires Back Against Trump's Steel, Aluminum Tariffs

加拿大还击特朗普钢铝关税

The Canadian government is imposing dollar-for-dollar tariff "countermeasures".

【日期】2018年5月31日



WASHINGTON — Canada is imposing dollar-for-dollar tariff "countermeasures" on up to $16.6 billion worth of U.S. imports in response to the American decision to make good on its threat of similar tariffs against Canadian-made steel and aluminum.

华盛顿——加拿大对价值高达166亿美元的美国进口产品实行美元对美元的“反制措施”，以回应美国对加拿大制造的钢铁和铝实施类似关税威胁的决定。

The tariffs, which apply to a long list of U.S. products that includes everything from flat-rolled steel to playing cards and felt-tipped pens, will go into effect July 1, Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland told a news conference Thursday.

美国外交部长克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰周四在新闻发布会上表示，这项关税适用于一长串的美国产品，其中包括从平轧钢到扑克牌再到毛毡笔等各种产品。该关税将于7月1日开始生效。

"This is $16.6 billion of retaliation," Freeland said.

“这是对166亿美元的报复，”Freeland说。

"This is the strongest trade action Canada has taken in the post-war era. This is a very strong response, it is a proportionate response, it is perfectly reciprocal. This is a very strong Canadian action in response to a very bad U.S. decision."

“这是加拿大在战后所采取的最有力的贸易行动。这是一种非常强烈的反应，是一种与之对应的反应，是完全对等的。这是加拿大对美国一项非常糟糕的决定的做出的强烈反应。”

Exemptions expire Friday

豁免于星期五到期

Freeland made the announcement alongside Prime Minister Justin Trudeau following word from the White House that the U.S. will slap tariffs on Canadian, Mexican and European Union steel and aluminium as of midnight Thursday night.

弗里兰与总理贾斯汀·特鲁多一道宣布，美国将从周四午夜开始对加拿大、墨西哥和欧盟的钢铁和铝征收关税。

She called the U.S. measures illegal and counterproductive, and both she and Trudeau expressed how hard it is to imagine how Canada could ever be a national-security threat to an ally as close and important as the United States.

她称美国的措施是非法的只会适得其反，她和特鲁多都表达了加拿大作为美国一个如此重要的盟友，被视做为一个国家安全的威胁是多么的令人难以置信。

"That Canada could be considered a national-security threat to the United States is inconceivable," said Trudeau, adding that the people of the U.S. are not Canada's target, and that the federal government would far prefer that its hand not be forced.

加拿大可能被认为是对美国的国家安全威胁，这是无法想象的，”特鲁多说，随后他接着补充道，美国人民不是加拿大的目标，联邦政府不希望它的政策被强迫的。

Canada, Mexico and Europe had been exempted from import duties of 25 per cent on steel and 10 per cent on aluminum when they were first imposed in March, but those exemptions will expire as scheduled on Friday.

一开始在三月份实施关税的时候，对加拿大、墨西哥和欧洲给与了豁免，免除了25%的钢铁进口税和10%的铝进口税。然鹅豁免时间本周五到期。

"The government of Canada is confident that shared values, geography and common interests will ultimately overcome protectionism," Trudeau said.

“加拿大政府相信，共同的价值观、相邻的地理位置和相同的利益最终将克服保护主义，”特鲁多说。

"We will always protect Canadian workers and Canadian interests."

“我们将永远保护加拿大工人和加拿大的利益。”

The government of Canada is confident that shared values, geography and common interests will ultimately overcome protectionism.
— Justin Trudeau

加拿大政府相信，共同的价值观、相邻的地理位置和相同的利益最终将克服保护主义，”特鲁多说。——贾斯廷·特鲁多

Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross confirmed Thursday that the United States would end the temporary exemption on Canadian, Mexican and European Union steel and aluminum as of midnight, as scheduled.

美国商务部长威尔伯·罗斯星期四证实，美国将在午夜结束对加拿大、墨西哥和欧盟钢铁和铝的进口税临时豁免。

That means that President Donald Trump will be face to face with a number of leaders who have taken retaliatory action against the U.S. when he makes his closely watched Canadian debut at the G7 next week in Quebec.

这意味着，唐纳德·特朗普总统下周在魁北克举行的七国集团会议上将与一些对美国采取报复行动的领导人面对面。

While the tariffs have had "major, positive effects" on industry jobs and workers, "the Trump Administration's actions underscore its commitment to good-faith negotiations with our allies to enhance our national security while supporting American workers," the White House said in a statement.

白宫在一份声明中说，虽然关税对工业岗位和工人有“重大的、积极的影响”，“特朗普政府的行动强调了它承诺与盟国进行真诚的谈判，以提高我们的国家安全，同时支持美国工人。”

Canada, Mexico and Europe had been exempted until June 1 from import duties of 25 per cent on steel and 10 per cent on aluminum when they were first imposed in March. Barring an 11th-hour reprieve, those exemptions will expire as scheduled.

并表示在6月1日首次征收钢铁进口税前，对加拿大、墨西哥和欧洲豁免25%的进口税和10%的铝税。除非第十一小时缓期，否则豁免将按计划到期后停止。

Ontario Premier Kathleen Wynne, campaigning in advance of the June 7 provincial election, savaged the U.S. president as she called the tariff measure short-sighted and urged Trudeau "to take the strongest retaliation possible to protect our workers" and industry.

安大略省总理凯萨琳·韦恩在6月7日的省级选举之前发起竞选活动，猛烈抨击这位美国总统，称这项关税措施目光短浅，并敦促特鲁多“采取最强烈的报复行动，以保护我们的工人”和工业。

"I think that we've all had just about enough of Donald Trump.... He doesn't seem to get that his bluster and his bullying are costing people real jobs — in his own country, in Canada and in Ontario," Wynne said.

“我想我们都已经对唐纳德·特朗普有了足够的了解，他似乎没有意识到，他的虚张声势和欺凌正在让人们失去真正的工作——在他自己的国家如此、在加拿大和在安大略同样如此。”温恩补充道。

"I really believe that now the time for talk is done. Donald Trump is a bully and the only way to deal with a bully is to stand up and push back and we have to do that."

“我真的相信，现在谈的时间已经到了。唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)是个恶霸，对付恶霸的唯一方法就是站起来反击，我们必须这样做。”

During a conference call early Thursday, Ross shrugged off questions about the U.S. facing possible retaliation, or whether the move would negatively affect the G7 meeting. And he said that while he was looking forward to continuing negotiations, the U.S. is making its decision on national security grounds — a justification Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland has dismissed as absurd.

在周四早些时候的电话会议上，罗斯对美国可能面临报复或此举是否会对七国集团会议产生负面影响的问题置若罔闻。他说，尽管他期待继续谈判，但美国作出该决定是基于国家安全问题为主。外交部长克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰认为这是简直是胡说八道。

In the case of Canada and Mexico, Ross said the decision was based on a lack of progress in the ongoing talks to update the North American Free Trade Agreement.

就加拿大和墨西哥而言，罗斯表示，做出这一决定的依据是，根本原因是正在进行的北美自由贸易协定更新谈判缺乏进展。

"As to Canada, Mexico, you will recall that the reason for the deferral had been pending the outcome of the NAFTA talks," he said.

“至于加拿大、墨西哥，你会记得推迟谈判的原因是等待北美自由贸易协定谈判的结果，”他说。

"Those talks are taking longer than we had hoped. There is no longer a very precise date when they may be concluded" so they were added to the tariff list, he said.

“这些谈判所用的时间比我们预期的要长。”他接着又说“当他们被加入关税清单时，不再有一个非常精确的日期。”

If Canada and Mexico choose to take retaliatory measures, it will not affect the ability to keep renegotiating NAFTA as a separate track, he added.

他补充道：“如果加拿大和墨西哥选择采取报复措施，这不会影响将北美自由贸易协定，而在重新谈判中这会作为一个很有力的筹码。

'If any of these parties does retaliate, that does not mean that there cannot be continuing negotiations," Ross said. "They're not mutually exclusive behaviours."

如果这些国家中只有一方进行报复，这也不意味着谈判就不能继续下去。”罗斯说，“它们并不是相互排斥的行为。”

G6-plus-one
The long-threatened tactic is sure to cast a pall over the G7, with some observers saying a G6-plus-one scenario is already shaping up, with Trump as the outlier.

G6+1
这种长期威胁的策略肯定会给七国集团蒙上一层阴影，一些观察人士表示，（G6）六国集团已经形成了一种局面，（+1）特朗普是例外。

Ross played down the divisions.


罗斯淡化了分歧。

"There are periodic disagreements between any two countries on any given set of topics. That doesn't necessarily mean that it derails other discussions at all," he said.

“两个国家在任何一组议题上都存在周期性的分歧。但是这并不一定意味着它会妨碍其他问题的讨论，“他说。

"It all depends on how the various parties react to the circumstances."

“这完全取决于各国对形式的反应。”

European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, who will be at the G7 table with the seven other country leaders, expressed strong opposition to Thursday's decision.

欧盟委员会主席容克将与其他七国领导人一起出席七国集团(G7)会议，他表示强烈反对周四的决定。

"The EU believes these unilateral U.S. tariffs are unjustified and at odds with World Trade Organization rules. This is protectionism, pure and simple."

“欧盟认为，美国的这些单方面关税是不合理的，不符合世界贸易组织的规则。这是一种纯粹的保护主义。”

Trump had been widely expected to impose tariffs on European steel and aluminum imports after failing to win concessions from the European Union. Canada and its European allies have spent recent days making a concerted effort to head off the move.

此前外界普遍猜测特朗普将对欧洲钢铁和铝进口征收关税，是因为此前特朗普未能赢得欧盟的让步。最近几天，加拿大及其欧洲盟友一直在齐心协力阻止（特朗普的）这一行动。

Trudeau and French President Emmanuel Macron made their cases separately Wednesday to dissuade Trump, who is using a national-security clause in U.S. trade law to justify the move. Trudeau and Macron will meet next week in Ottawa before the G7 to talk strategy.

特鲁多和法国总统伊曼纽尔·马克龙周三分别提出诉讼，以劝阻特朗普，特朗普正利用美国贸易法中的一项国家安全条款为其举动进行辩护。特鲁多和马克龙下周将在七国集团开始之前在渥太华开会，讨论相关的战略问题。